This manual is for GNU Gnulib (updated 1970-01-01 00:00:01), which is a library of common routines intended to be shared at the source level.
Copyright © 2004–2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”.
gettextize
and autopoint
usersFD_CLR
FD_ISSET
FD_SET
FD_ZERO
_Exit
_exit
_longjmp
_setjmp
_tolower
_toupper
a64l
abort
abs
accept
access
acos
acosf
acosh
acoshf
acoshl
acosl
aio_cancel
aio_error
aio_fsync
aio_read
aio_return
aio_suspend
aio_write
alarm
aligned_alloc
alphasort
asctime
asctime_r
asin
asinf
asinh
asinhf
asinhl
asinl
assert
atan
atan2
atan2f
atan2l
atanf
atanh
atanhf
atanhl
atanl
atexit
atof
atoi
atol
atoll
basename
bind
bsearch
btowc
c16rtomb
c32rtomb
cabs
cabsf
cabsl
cacos
cacosf
cacosh
cacoshf
cacoshl
cacosl
calloc
call_once
canonicalize
canonicalizef
canonicalizel
carg
cargf
cargl
casin
casinf
casinh
casinhf
casinhl
casinl
catan
catanf
catanh
catanhf
catanhl
catanl
catclose
catgets
catopen
cbrt
cbrtf
cbrtl
ccos
ccosf
ccosh
ccoshf
ccoshl
ccosl
ceil
ceilf
ceill
cexp
cexpf
cexpl
cfgetispeed
cfgetospeed
cfsetispeed
cfsetospeed
chdir
chmod
chown
cimag
cimagf
cimagl
clearerr
clock
clock_getcpuclockid
clock_getres
clock_gettime
clock_nanosleep
clock_settime
clog
clogf
clogl
close
closedir
closelog
cnd_broadcast
cnd_destroy
cnd_init
cnd_signal
cnd_timedwait
cnd_wait
confstr
conj
conjf
conjl
connect
copysign
copysignf
copysignl
cos
cosf
cosh
coshf
coshl
cosl
cpow
cpowf
cpowl
cproj
cprojf
cprojl
creal
crealf
creall
creat
crypt
csin
csinf
csinh
csinhf
csinhl
csinl
csqrt
csqrtf
csqrtl
ctan
ctanf
ctanh
ctanhf
ctanhl
ctanl
ctermid
ctime
ctime_r
daddl
daylight
dbm_clearerr
dbm_close
dbm_delete
dbm_error
dbm_fetch
dbm_firstkey
dbm_nextkey
dbm_open
dbm_store
ddivl
difftime
dirfd
dirname
div
dlclose
dlerror
dlopen
dlsym
dmull
dprintf
drand48
dsubl
dup
dup2
duplocale
encrypt
endgrent
endhostent
endnetent
endprotoent
endpwent
endservent
endutxent
environ
erand48
erf
erfc
erfcf
erfcl
erff
erfl
errno
execl
execle
execlp
execv
execve
execvp
exit
exp
exp2
exp2f
exp2l
expf
expl
expm1
expm1f
expm1l
fabs
fabsf
fabsl
faccessat
fadd
faddl
fattach
fchdir
fchmod
fchmodat
fchown
fchownat
fclose
fcntl
fdatasync
fdetach
fdim
fdimf
fdiml
fdiv
fdivl
fdopen
fdopendir
feclearexcept
fegetenv
fegetexceptflag
fegetmode
fegetround
feholdexcept
feof
feraiseexcept
ferror
fesetenv
fesetexcept
fesetexceptflag
fesetmode
fesetround
fetestexcept
fetestexceptflag
feupdateenv
fexecve
fflush
ffs
fgetc
fgetpos
fgets
fgetwc
fgetws
fileno
flockfile
floor
floorf
floorl
fma
fmaf
fmal
fmax
fmaxf
fmaxl
fmaxmag
fmaxmagf
fmaxmagl
fmemopen
fmin
fminf
fminl
fminmag
fminmagf
fminmagl
fmod
fmodf
fmodl
fmtmsg
fmul
fmull
fnmatch
fopen
fork
fpathconf
fpclassify
fprintf
fputc
fputs
fputwc
fputws
fread
free
freeaddrinfo
freelocale
freopen
frexp
frexpf
frexpl
fromfp
fromfpf
fromfpl
fromfpx
fromfpxf
fromfpxl
fscanf
fseek
fseeko
fsetpos
fstat
fstatat
fstatvfs
fsub
fsubl
fsync
ftell
ftello
ftok
ftruncate
ftrylockfile
ftw
funlockfile
futimens
fwide
fwprintf
fwrite
fwscanf
gai_strerror
getaddrinfo
getc
getc_unlocked
getchar
getchar_unlocked
getcwd
getdate
getdate_err
getdelim
getegid
getenv
geteuid
getgid
getgrent
getgrgid
getgrgid_r
getgrnam
getgrnam_r
getgroups
gethostent
gethostid
gethostname
getitimer
getline
getlogin
getlogin_r
getmsg
getnameinfo
getnetbyaddr
getnetbyname
getnetent
getopt
getpayload
getpayloadf
getpayloadl
getpeername
getpgid
getpgrp
getpid
getpmsg
getppid
getpriority
getprotobyname
getprotobynumber
getprotoent
getpwent
getpwnam
getpwnam_r
getpwuid
getpwuid_r
getrlimit
getrusage
gets
getservbyname
getservbyport
getservent
getsid
getsockname
getsockopt
getsubopt
gettimeofday
getuid
getutxent
getutxid
getutxline
getwc
getwchar
glob
globfree
gmtime
gmtime_r
grantpt
hcreate
hdestroy
hsearch
htonl
htons
hypot
hypotf
hypotl
iconv
iconv_close
iconv_open
if_freenameindex
if_indextoname
if_nameindex
if_nametoindex
ilogb
ilogbf
ilogbl
imaxabs
imaxdiv
inet_addr
inet_ntoa
inet_ntop
inet_pton
initstate
insque
ioctl
isalnum
isalnum_l
isalpha
isalpha_l
isascii
isastream
isatty
isblank
isblank_l
iscntrl
iscntrl_l
isdigit
isdigit_l
isfinite
isgraph
isgraph_l
isgreater
isgreaterequal
isinf
isless
islessequal
islessgreater
islower
islower_l
isnan
isnormal
isprint
isprint_l
ispunct
ispunct_l
isspace
isspace_l
isunordered
isupper
isupper_l
iswalnum
iswalnum_l
iswalpha
iswalpha_l
iswblank
iswblank_l
iswcntrl
iswcntrl_l
iswctype
iswctype_l
iswdigit
iswdigit_l
iswgraph
iswgraph_l
iswlower
iswlower_l
iswprint
iswprint_l
iswpunct
iswpunct_l
iswspace
iswspace_l
iswupper
iswupper_l
iswxdigit
iswxdigit_l
isxdigit
isxdigit_l
j0
j1
jn
jrand48
kill
killpg
l64a
labs
lchown
lcong48
ldexp
ldexpf
ldexpl
ldiv
lfind
lgamma
lgammaf
lgammal
link
linkat
lio_listio
listen
llabs
lldiv
llogb
llogbf
llogbl
llrint
llrintf
llrintl
llround
llroundf
llroundl
localeconv
localtime
localtime_r
lockf
log
log10
log10f
log10l
log1p
log1pf
log1pl
log2
log2f
log2l
logb
logbf
logbl
logf
logl
longjmp
lrand48
lrint
lrintf
lrintl
lround
lroundf
lroundl
lsearch
lseek
lstat
malloc
mblen
mbrlen
mbrtoc16
mbrtoc32
mbrtowc
mbsinit
mbsnrtowcs
mbsrtowcs
mbstowcs
mbtowc
memccpy
memchr
memcmp
memcpy
memmove
memset
mkdir
mkdirat
mkdtemp
mkfifo
mkfifoat
mknod
mknodat
mkstemp
mktime
mlock
mlockall
mmap
modf
modff
modfl
mprotect
mq_close
mq_getattr
mq_notify
mq_open
mq_receive
mq_send
mq_setattr
mq_timedreceive
mq_timedsend
mq_unlink
mrand48
msgctl
msgget
msgrcv
msgsnd
msync
mtx_destroy
mtx_init
mtx_lock
mtx_timedlock
mtx_trylock
mtx_unlock
munlock
munlockall
munmap
nan
nanf
nanl
nanosleep
nearbyint
nearbyintf
nearbyintl
newlocale
nextafter
nextafterf
nextafterl
nextdown
nextdownf
nextdownl
nexttoward
nexttowardf
nexttowardl
nextup
nextupf
nextupl
nftw
nice
nl_langinfo
nl_langinfo_l
nrand48
ntohl
ntohs
open
openat
opendir
openlog
open_memstream
open_wmemstream
optarg
opterr
optind
optopt
pathconf
pause
pclose
perror
pipe
poll
popen
posix_fadvise
posix_fallocate
posix_madvise
posix_mem_offset
posix_memalign
posix_openpt
posix_spawn
posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose
posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2
posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen
posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy
posix_spawn_file_actions_init
posix_spawnattr_destroy
posix_spawnattr_getflags
posix_spawnattr_getpgroup
posix_spawnattr_getschedparam
posix_spawnattr_getschedpolicy
posix_spawnattr_getsigdefault
posix_spawnattr_getsigmask
posix_spawnattr_init
posix_spawnattr_setflags
posix_spawnattr_setpgroup
posix_spawnattr_setschedparam
posix_spawnattr_setschedpolicy
posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault
posix_spawnattr_setsigmask
posix_spawnp
posix_trace_attr_destroy
posix_trace_attr_getclockres
posix_trace_attr_getcreatetime
posix_trace_attr_getgenversion
posix_trace_attr_getinherited
posix_trace_attr_getlogfullpolicy
posix_trace_attr_getlogsize
posix_trace_attr_getmaxdatasize
posix_trace_attr_getmaxsystemeventsize
posix_trace_attr_getmaxusereventsize
posix_trace_attr_getname
posix_trace_attr_getstreamfullpolicy
posix_trace_attr_getstreamsize
posix_trace_attr_init
posix_trace_attr_setinherited
posix_trace_attr_setlogfullpolicy
posix_trace_attr_setlogsize
posix_trace_attr_setmaxdatasize
posix_trace_attr_setname
posix_trace_attr_setstreamfullpolicy
posix_trace_attr_setstreamsize
posix_trace_clear
posix_trace_close
posix_trace_create
posix_trace_create_withlog
posix_trace_event
posix_trace_eventid_equal
posix_trace_eventid_get_name
posix_trace_eventid_open
posix_trace_eventset_add
posix_trace_eventset_del
posix_trace_eventset_empty
posix_trace_eventset_fill
posix_trace_eventset_ismember
posix_trace_eventtypelist_getnext_id
posix_trace_eventtypelist_rewind
posix_trace_flush
posix_trace_get_attr
posix_trace_get_filter
posix_trace_get_status
posix_trace_getnext_event
posix_trace_open
posix_trace_rewind
posix_trace_set_filter
posix_trace_shutdown
posix_trace_start
posix_trace_stop
posix_trace_timedgetnext_event
posix_trace_trid_eventid_open
posix_trace_trygetnext_event
posix_typed_mem_get_info
posix_typed_mem_open
pow
powf
powl
pread
printf
pselect
psiginfo
psignal
pthread_atfork
pthread_attr_destroy
pthread_attr_getdetachstate
pthread_attr_getguardsize
pthread_attr_getinheritsched
pthread_attr_getschedparam
pthread_attr_getschedpolicy
pthread_attr_getscope
pthread_attr_getstack
pthread_attr_getstacksize
pthread_attr_init
pthread_attr_setdetachstate
pthread_attr_setguardsize
pthread_attr_setinheritsched
pthread_attr_setschedparam
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy
pthread_attr_setscope
pthread_attr_setstack
pthread_attr_setstacksize
pthread_barrier_destroy
pthread_barrier_init
pthread_barrier_wait
pthread_barrierattr_destroy
pthread_barrierattr_getpshared
pthread_barrierattr_init
pthread_barrierattr_setpshared
pthread_cancel
pthread_cleanup_pop
pthread_cleanup_push
pthread_cond_broadcast
pthread_cond_destroy
pthread_cond_init
pthread_cond_signal
pthread_cond_timedwait
pthread_cond_wait
pthread_condattr_destroy
pthread_condattr_getclock
pthread_condattr_getpshared
pthread_condattr_init
pthread_condattr_setclock
pthread_condattr_setpshared
pthread_create
pthread_detach
pthread_equal
pthread_exit
pthread_getconcurrency
pthread_getcpuclockid
pthread_getschedparam
pthread_getspecific
pthread_join
pthread_key_create
pthread_key_delete
pthread_kill
pthread_mutex_consistent
pthread_mutex_destroy
pthread_mutex_getprioceiling
pthread_mutex_init
pthread_mutex_lock
pthread_mutex_setprioceiling
pthread_mutex_timedlock
pthread_mutex_trylock
pthread_mutex_unlock
pthread_mutexattr_destroy
pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling
pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol
pthread_mutexattr_getpshared
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust
pthread_mutexattr_gettype
pthread_mutexattr_init
pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling
pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol
pthread_mutexattr_setpshared
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust
pthread_mutexattr_settype
pthread_once
pthread_rwlock_destroy
pthread_rwlock_init
pthread_rwlock_rdlock
pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock
pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock
pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock
pthread_rwlock_trywrlock
pthread_rwlock_unlock
pthread_rwlock_wrlock
pthread_rwlockattr_destroy
pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared
pthread_rwlockattr_init
pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared
pthread_self
pthread_setcancelstate
pthread_setcanceltype
pthread_setconcurrency
pthread_setschedparam
pthread_setschedprio
pthread_setspecific
pthread_sigmask
pthread_spin_destroy
pthread_spin_init
pthread_spin_lock
pthread_spin_trylock
pthread_spin_unlock
pthread_testcancel
ptsname
putc
putc_unlocked
putchar
putchar_unlocked
putenv
putmsg
putpmsg
puts
pututxline
putwc
putwchar
pwrite
qsort
quick_exit
raise
rand
rand_r
random
read
readdir
readdir_r
readlink
readlinkat
readv
realloc
realpath
recv
recvfrom
recvmsg
regcomp
regerror
regexec
regfree
remainder
remainderf
remainderl
remove
remque
remquo
remquof
remquol
rename
renameat
rewind
rewinddir
rint
rintf
rintl
rmdir
round
roundeven
roundevenf
roundevenl
roundf
roundl
scalbln
scalblnf
scalblnl
scalbn
scalbnf
scalbnl
scandir
scanf
sched_get_priority_max
sched_get_priority_min
sched_getparam
sched_getscheduler
sched_rr_get_interval
sched_setparam
sched_setscheduler
sched_yield
seed48
seekdir
select
sem_close
sem_destroy
sem_getvalue
sem_init
sem_open
sem_post
sem_timedwait
sem_trywait
sem_unlink
sem_wait
semctl
semget
semop
send
sendmsg
sendto
setbuf
setegid
setenv
seteuid
setgid
setgrent
sethostent
setitimer
setjmp
setkey
setlocale
setlogmask
setnetent
setpayload
setpayloadf
setpayloadl
setpayloadsig
setpayloadsigf
setpayloadsigl
setpgid
setpgrp
setpriority
setprotoent
setpwent
setregid
setreuid
setrlimit
setservent
setsid
setsockopt
setstate
setuid
setutxent
setvbuf
shm_open
shm_unlink
shmat
shmctl
shmdt
shmget
shutdown
sigaction
sigaddset
sigaltstack
sigdelset
sigemptyset
sigfillset
sighold
sigignore
siginterrupt
sigismember
siglongjmp
signal
signbit
signgam
sigpause
sigpending
sigprocmask
sigqueue
sigrelse
sigset
sigsetjmp
sigsuspend
sigtimedwait
sigwait
sigwaitinfo
sin
sinf
sinh
sinhf
sinhl
sinl
sleep
snprintf
sockatmark
socket
socketpair
sprintf
sqrt
sqrtf
sqrtl
srand
srand48
srandom
sscanf
stat
statvfs
stderr
stdin
stdout
stpcpy
stpncpy
strcasecmp
strcasecmp_l
strcat
strchr
strcmp
strcoll
strcoll_l
strcpy
strcspn
strdup
strerror
strerror_l
strerror_r
strfmon
strfmon_l
strfromd
strfromf
strfroml
strftime
strftime_l
strlen
strncasecmp
strncasecmp_l
strncat
strncmp
strncpy
strndup
strnlen
strpbrk
strptime
strrchr
strsignal
strspn
strstr
strtod
strtof
strtoimax
strtok
strtok_r
strtol
strtold
strtoll
strtoul
strtoull
strtoumax
strxfrm
strxfrm_l
swab
swprintf
swscanf
symlink
symlinkat
sync
sysconf
syslog
system
tan
tanf
tanh
tanhf
tanhl
tanl
tcdrain
tcflow
tcflush
tcgetattr
tcgetpgrp
tcgetsid
tcsendbreak
tcsetattr
tcsetpgrp
tdelete
telldir
tempnam
tfind
tgamma
tgammaf
tgammal
thrd_create
thrd_current
thrd_detach
thrd_equal
thrd_exit
thrd_join
thrd_sleep
thrd_yield
time
timer_create
timer_delete
timer_getoverrun
timer_gettime
timer_settime
times
timezone
tmpfile
tmpnam
toascii
tolower
tolower_l
totalorder
totalorderf
totalorderl
totalordermag
totalordermagf
totalordermagl
toupper
toupper_l
towctrans
towctrans_l
towlower
towlower_l
towupper
towupper_l
trunc
truncate
truncf
truncl
tsearch
tss_create
tss_delete
tss_get
tss_set
ttyname
ttyname_r
twalk
tzname
tzset
ufromfp
ufromfpf
ufromfpl
ufromfpx
ufromfpxf
ufromfpxl
ulimit
umask
uname
ungetc
ungetwc
unlink
unlinkat
unlockpt
unsetenv
uselocale
utime
utimensat
utimes
va_arg
va_copy
va_end
va_start
vdprintf
vfprintf
vfscanf
vfwprintf
vfwscanf
vprintf
vscanf
vsnprintf
vsprintf
vsscanf
vswprintf
vswscanf
vwprintf
vwscanf
wait
waitid
waitpid
wcpcpy
wcpncpy
wcrtomb
wcscasecmp
wcscasecmp_l
wcscat
wcschr
wcscmp
wcscoll
wcscoll_l
wcscpy
wcscspn
wcsdup
wcsftime
wcslen
wcsncasecmp
wcsncasecmp_l
wcsncat
wcsncmp
wcsncpy
wcsnlen
wcsnrtombs
wcspbrk
wcsrchr
wcsrtombs
wcsspn
wcsstr
wcstod
wcstof
wcstoimax
wcstok
wcstol
wcstold
wcstoll
wcstombs
wcstoul
wcstoull
wcstoumax
wcswidth
wcsxfrm
wcsxfrm_l
wctob
wctomb
wctrans
wctrans_l
wctype
wctype_l
wcwidth
wmemchr
wmemcmp
wmemcpy
wmemmove
wmemset
wordexp
wordfree
wprintf
write
writev
wscanf
y0
y1
yn
bcmp
bcopy
bsd_signal
bzero
ecvt
fcvt
ftime
gcvt
getcontext
gethostbyaddr
gethostbyname
getwd
h_errno
index
makecontext
mktemp
pthread_attr_getstackaddr
pthread_attr_setstackaddr
rindex
scalb
setcontext
swapcontext
ualarm
usleep
vfork
wcswcs
<aio.h>
<aliases.h>
<argp.h>
<argz.h>
<arpa/inet.h>
<byteswap.h>
<complex.h>
<ctype.h>
<dirent.h>
<dlfcn.h>
<envz.h>
<err.h>
<errno.h>
<error.h>
<execinfo.h>
<fcntl.h>
<fenv.h>
<fmtmsg.h>
<fstab.h>
<fts.h>
<getopt.h>
<glob.h>
<gnu/libc-version.h>
<grp.h>
<gshadow.h>
<ifaddrs.h>
<libintl.h>
<link.h>
<malloc.h>
<math.h>
drem
dremf
dreml
exp10
exp10f
exp10l
finite
finitef
finitel
gamma
gammaf
gammal
isinff
isinfl
isnanf
isnanl
j0f
j0l
j1f
j1l
jnf
jnl
lgamma_r
lgammaf_r
lgammal_r
matherr
pow10
pow10f
pow10l
scalbf
scalbl
significand
significandf
significandl
sincos
sincosf
sincosl
y0f
y0l
y1f
y1l
ynf
ynl
<mcheck.h>
<mntent.h>
<netdb.h>
endnetgrent
gethostbyaddr_r
gethostbyname2
gethostbyname2_r
gethostbyname_r
gethostent_r
getnetbyaddr_r
getnetbyname_r
getnetent_r
getnetgrent
getnetgrent_r
getprotobyname_r
getprotobynumber_r
getprotoent_r
getservbyname_r
getservbyport_r
getservent_r
herror
hstrerror
innetgr
rcmd
rcmd_af
rexec
rexec_af
rresvport
rresvport_af
ruserok
ruserok_af
setnetgrent
<netinet/ether.h>
<netinet/in.h>
bindresvport
getipv4sourcefilter
getsourcefilter
in6addr_any
in6addr_loopback
inet6_option_alloc
inet6_option_append
inet6_option_find
inet6_option_init
inet6_option_next
inet6_option_space
inet6_opt_append
inet6_opt_find
inet6_opt_finish
inet6_opt_get_val
inet6_opt_init
inet6_opt_next
inet6_opt_set_val
inet6_rth_add
inet6_rth_getaddr
inet6_rth_init
inet6_rth_reverse
inet6_rth_segments
inet6_rth_space
setipv4sourcefilter
setsourcefilter
<obstack.h>
<poll.h>
<printf.h>
<pthread.h>
pthread_attr_getaffinity_np
pthread_attr_setaffinity_np
pthread_attr_getsigmask_np
pthread_attr_setsigmask_np
pthread_clockjoin_np
pthread_cond_clockwait
pthread_getaffinity_np
pthread_getattr_default_np
pthread_getattr_np
pthread_getname_np
pthread_kill_other_threads_np
pthread_mutex_clocklock
pthread_mutex_consistent_np
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust_np
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np
pthread_rwlock_clockrdlock
pthread_rwlock_clockwrlock
pthread_rwlockattr_getkind_np
pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np
pthread_setaffinity_np
pthread_setattr_default_np
pthread_setname_np
pthread_sigqueue
pthread_timedjoin_np
pthread_tryjoin_np
pthread_yield
<pty.h>
<pwd.h>
<regex.h>
<regexp.h>
<resolv.h>
<rpc/auth.h>
authdes_create
authdes_pk_create
authnone_create
authunix_create
authunix_create_default
getnetname
host2netname
key_decryptsession
key_decryptsession_pk
key_encryptsession
key_encryptsession_pk
key_gendes
key_get_conv
key_secretkey_is_set
key_setsecret
netname2host
netname2user
user2netname
xdr_des_block
xdr_opaque_auth
<rpc/auth_des.h>
<rpc/auth_unix.h>
<rpc/clnt.h>
callrpc
clnt_create
clnt_pcreateerror
clnt_perrno
clnt_perror
clnt_spcreateerror
clnt_sperrno
clnt_sperror
clntraw_create
clnttcp_create
clntudp_bufcreate
clntudp_create
clntunix_create
get_myaddress
getrpcport
rpc_createerr
<rpc/key_prot.h>
<rpc/netdb.h>
<rpc/pmap_clnt.h>
<rpc/pmap_prot.h>
<rpc/pmap_rmt.h>
<rpc/rpc_msg.h>
<rpc/svc.h>
svc_exit
svc_fdset
svc_getreq
svc_getreq_common
svc_getreq_poll
svc_getreqset
svc_max_pollfd
svc_pollfd
svc_register
svc_run
svc_sendreply
svc_unregister
svcerr_auth
svcerr_decode
svcerr_noproc
svcerr_noprog
svcerr_progvers
svcerr_systemerr
svcerr_weakauth
svcraw_create
svctcp_create
svcudp_bufcreate
svcudp_create
svcunix_create
xprt_register
xprt_unregister
<rpc/xdr.h>
xdr_array
xdr_bool
xdr_bytes
xdr_char
xdr_double
xdr_enum
xdr_float
xdr_free
xdr_hyper
xdr_int
xdr_int16_t
xdr_int32_t
xdr_int64_t
xdr_int8_t
xdr_long
xdr_longlong_t
xdr_netobj
xdr_opaque
xdr_pointer
xdr_quad_t
xdr_reference
xdr_short
xdr_sizeof
xdr_string
xdr_u_char
xdr_u_hyper
xdr_u_int
xdr_u_long
xdr_u_longlong_t
xdr_u_quad_t
xdr_u_short
xdr_uint16_t
xdr_uint32_t
xdr_uint64_t
xdr_uint8_t
xdr_union
xdr_vector
xdr_void
xdr_wrapstring
xdrmem_create
xdrrec_create
xdrrec_endofrecord
xdrrec_eof
xdrrec_skiprecord
xdrstdio_create
<rpcsvc/nislib.h>
nis_add
nis_add_entry
nis_addmember
nis_checkpoint
nis_clone_object
nis_creategroup
nis_destroy_object
nis_destroygroup
nis_dir_cmp
nis_domain_of
nis_domain_of_r
nis_first_entry
nis_freenames
nis_freeresult
nis_freeservlist
nis_freetags
nis_getnames
nis_getservlist
nis_ismember
nis_leaf_of
nis_leaf_of_r
nis_lerror
nis_list
nis_local_directory
nis_local_group
nis_local_host
nis_local_principal
nis_lookup
nis_mkdir
nis_modify
nis_modify_entry
nis_name_of
nis_name_of_r
nis_next_entry
nis_perror
nis_ping
nis_print_directory
nis_print_entry
nis_print_group
nis_print_group_entry
nis_print_link
nis_print_object
nis_print_result
nis_print_rights
nis_print_table
nis_remove
nis_remove_entry
nis_removemember
nis_rmdir
nis_servstate
nis_sperrno
nis_sperror
nis_sperror_r
nis_stats
nis_verifygroup
<rpcsvc/nis_callback.h>
<rpcsvc/yp.h>
xdr_domainname
xdr_keydat
xdr_valdat
xdr_ypbind_resptype
xdr_ypmap_parms
xdr_ypmaplist
xdr_yppushresp_xfr
xdr_ypreq_key
xdr_ypreq_nokey
xdr_ypreq_xfr
xdr_ypresp_all
xdr_ypresp_key_val
xdr_ypresp_maplist
xdr_ypresp_master
xdr_ypresp_order
xdr_ypresp_val
xdr_ypresp_xfr
xdr_ypstat
xdr_ypxfrstat
<rpcsvc/ypclnt.h>
<sched.h>
<search.h>
<selinux/selinux.h>
<semaphore.h>
<shadow.h>
<signal.h>
<spawn.h>
<stdio.h>
asprintf
cuserid
clearerr_unlocked
fcloseall
feof_unlocked
ferror_unlocked
fflush_unlocked
fgetc_unlocked
fgets_unlocked
fileno_unlocked
fopencookie
fputc_unlocked
fputs_unlocked
fread_unlocked
fwrite_unlocked
getw
putw
renameat2
setbuffer
setlinebuf
sys_errlist
sys_nerr
tmpnam_r
vasprintf
<stdlib.h>
canonicalize_file_name
cfree
clearenv
drand48_r
ecvt_r
erand48_r
fcvt_r
getloadavg
getpt
initstate_r
jrand48_r
lcong48_r
lrand48_r
mkostemp
mkostemps
mrand48_r
mkstemps
nrand48_r
on_exit
ptsname_r
qecvt
qecvt_r
qfcvt
qfcvt_r
qgcvt
qsort_r
random_r
rpmatch
secure_getenv
seed48_r
setstate_r
srand48_r
srandom_r
strtod_l
strtof_l
strtol_l
strtold_l
strtoll_l
strtoq
strtoul_l
strtoull_l
strtouq
valloc
<string.h>
explicit_bzero
ffsl
ffsll
memfrob
memmem
mempcpy
memrchr
rawmemchr
sigabbrev_np
sigdescr_np
strcasestr
strchrnul
strerrordesc_np
strerrorname_np
strfry
strsep
strverscmp
<sys/auxv.h>
<sys/capability.h>
<sys/epoll.h>
<sys/eventfd.h>
<sys/fanotify.h>
<sys/file.h>
<sys/fsuid.h>
<sys/gmon.h>
<sys/inotify.h>
<sys/io.h>
, <sys/perm.h>
<sys/kdaemon.h>
<sys/klog.h>
<sys/mman.h>
<sys/mount.h>
<sys/personality.h>
<sys/prctl.h>
<sys/profil.h>
<sys/ptrace.h>
<sys/quota.h>
<sys/random.h>
<sys/reboot.h>
<sys/resource.h>
<sys/sem.h>
<sys/sendfile.h>
<sys/signalfd.h>
<sys/single_threaded.h>
<sys/socket.h>
<sys/stat.h>
<sys/statfs.h>
<sys/swap.h>
<sys/sysctl.h>
<sys/sysinfo.h>
<sys/syslog.h>
<sys/sysmacros.h>
<sys/time.h>
<sys/timerfd.h>
<sys/timex.h>
<sys/uio.h>
<sys/ustat.h>
<sys/vlimit.h>
<sys/wait.h>
<sys/xattr.h>
<termios.h>
<time.h>
<ttyent.h>
<unistd.h>
acct
brk
chroot
copy_file_range
daemon
dup3
eaccess
endusershell
euidaccess
execvpe
get_current_dir_name
getdomainname
getdtablesize
getpagesize
getpass
getresgid
getresuid
gettid
getusershell
group_member
pipe2
profil
revoke
sbrk
setlogin
setdomainname
sethostid
sethostname
setresgid
setresuid
setusershell
syncfs
syscall
ttyslot
vhangup
<utmp.h>
<utmpx.h>
<wchar.h>
fgetwc_unlocked
fgetws_unlocked
fputwc_unlocked
fputws_unlocked
getwc_unlocked
getwchar_unlocked
putwc_unlocked
putwchar_unlocked
wcschrnul
wcsftime_l
wcstod_l
wcstof_l
wcstol_l
wcstold_l
wcstoll_l
wcstoq
wcstoul_l
wcstoull_l
wcstouq
wmempcpy
.
)|
or \|
)[
… ]
and [^
… ]
)
(
… )
or \(
… \)
)\b
)\B
)\<
)\>
)\w
)\W
)Gnulib is a source code library that provides basic functionality to programs and libraries. Many software packages make use of Gnulib to avoid reinventing the portability wheel.
Resources:
While portability across operating systems is not one of GNU’s primary goals, it has helped introduce many people to the GNU system, and is worthwhile when it can be achieved at a low cost. This collection helps lower that cost.
Gnulib is intended to be the canonical source for most of the important “portability” and/or common files for GNU projects. These are files intended to be shared at the source level; Gnulib is not a typical library meant to be installed and linked against. Thus, unlike most projects, Gnulib does not normally generate a source tarball distribution; instead, developers grab modules directly from the source repository.
The easiest, and recommended, way to do this is to use the
gnulib-tool
script. Since there is no installation
procedure for Gnulib, gnulib-tool
needs to be run directly
in the directory that contains the Gnulib source code. You can do
this either by specifying the absolute filename of
gnulib-tool
, or by using a symbolic link from a place inside
your PATH
to the gnulib-tool
file of your preferred
Gnulib checkout. For example:
$ ln -s $HOME/gnu/src/gnulib.git/gnulib-tool $HOME/bin/gnulib-tool
Gnulib is available for anonymous checkout. In any Bourne-shell the following should work:
$ git clone https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/gnulib.git
For a read-write checkout you need to have a login on ‘savannah.gnu.org’ and be a member of the Gnulib project at https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/gnulib. Then, instead of the URL https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/gnulib.git, use the URL ‘ssh://user@git.savannah.gnu.org/srv/git/gnulib’ where user is your login name on savannah.gnu.org.
git resources:
When you use git annotate
or git blame
with Gnulib, it’s
recommended that you use the -w option, in order to ignore
massive whitespace changes that happened in 2009.
The best way to work with Gnulib is to check it out of git.
To synchronize, you can use git pull
.
Subscribing to the bug-gnulib@gnu.org mailing list will help you to plan when to update your local copy of Gnulib (which you use to maintain your software) from git. You can review the archives, subscribe, etc., via https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/bug-gnulib.
Sometimes, using an updated version of Gnulib will require you to use newer versions of GNU Automake or Autoconf. You may find it helpful to join the autotools-announce mailing list to be advised of such changes.
All software here is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation—you need to have filled out an assignment form for a project that uses the module for that contribution to be accepted here.
If you have a piece of code that you would like to contribute, please email bug-gnulib@gnu.org.
Generally we are looking for files that fulfill at least one of the following requirements:
If your functions define completely new but rarely used functionality, you should probably consider packaging it as a separate library.
Gnulib contains code both under GPL and LGPL. Because several packages that use Gnulib are GPL, the files state they are licensed under GPL. However, to support LGPL projects as well, you may use some of the files under LGPL. The “License:” information in the files under modules/ clarifies the real license that applies to the module source.
Keep in mind that if you submit patches to files in Gnulib, you should license them under a compatible license, which means that sometimes the contribution will have to be LGPL, if the original file is available under LGPL via a “License: LGPL” information in the projects’ modules/ file.
We use space-only indentation in nearly all files. This includes all
*.h, *.c, *.y files, except for the regex
module. Makefile and ChangeLog files are excluded, since TAB
characters are part of their format.
In order to tell your editor to produce space-only indentation, you can use these instructions.
;; In Gnulib, indent with spaces everywhere (not TABs). ;; Exceptions: Makefile and ChangeLog modes. (add-hook 'find-file-hook '(lambda () (if (and buffer-file-name (string-match "/gnulib\\>" (buffer-file-name)) (not (string-equal mode-name "Change Log")) (not (string-equal mode-name "Makefile"))) (setq indent-tabs-mode nil))))
" Don't use tabs for indentation. Spaces are nicer to work with. set expandtab
For Makefile and ChangeLog files, compensate for this by adding this to your $HOME/.vim/after/indent/make.vim file, and similarly for your $HOME/.vim/after/indent/changelog.vim file:
" Use tabs for indentation, regardless of the global setting. set noexpandtab
If you use the GNU indent program, pass it the option --no-tabs.
You can test that a module builds correctly with:
$ ./gnulib-tool --create-testdir --dir=/tmp/testdir module1 ... moduleN $ cd /tmp/testdir $ ./configure && make
Other things:
alloca
and fnmatch
modules for how to achieve this. If
for some reason you cannot do this, and you have a .c file that
leads to an empty .o file on some platforms (through some big
#if
around all the code), then ensure that the compilation unit
is not empty after preprocessing. One way to do this is to
#include <stddef.h>
or <stdio.h>
before the big
#if
.
Gnulib code is intended to be portable to a wide variety of platforms, not just GNU platforms. Gnulib typically attempts to support a platform as long as it is still supported by its provider, even if the platform is not the latest version. See Target Platforms.
Many Gnulib modules exist so that applications need not worry about
undesirable variability in implementations. For example, an
application that uses the malloc
module need not worry about
malloc (0)
returning NULL
on some Standard C
platforms; and glob
users need not worry about glob
silently omitting symbolic links to nonexistent files on some
platforms that do not conform to POSIX.
Gnulib code is intended to port without problem to new hosts, e.g.,
hosts conforming to recent C and POSIX standards. Hence Gnulib code
should avoid using constructs that these newer standards no longer
require, without first testing for the presence of these constructs.
For example, because C11 made variable length arrays optional, Gnulib
code should avoid them unless it first uses the vararrays
module to check whether they are supported.
The following subsections discuss some exceptions and caveats to the general Gnulib portability guidelines.
Currently Gnulib assumes at least a freestanding C99 compiler, possibly operating with a C library that predates C99; with time this assumption will likely be strengthened to later versions of the C standard. Old platforms currently supported include AIX 6.1, HP-UX 11i v1 and Solaris 10, though these platforms are rarely tested. Gnulib itself is so old that it contains many fixes for obsolete platforms, fixes that may be removed in the future.
Because of the freestanding C99 assumption, Gnulib code can include
<float.h>
, <limits.h>
, <stdarg.h>
,
<stdbool.h>
, <stddef.h>
, and <stdint.h>
unconditionally. Gnulib code can also assume the existence
of <ctype.h>
, <errno.h>
, <fcntl.h>
,
<locale.h>
, <signal.h>
, <stdio.h>
,
<stdlib.h>
, <string.h>
, and <time.h>
. Similarly,
many modules include <sys/types.h>
even though it’s not even in
C11; that’s OK since <sys/types.h>
has been around nearly
forever.
Even if the include files exist, they may not conform to the C standard.
However, GCC has a fixincludes
script that attempts to fix most
C89-conformance problems. Gnulib currently assumes include files
largely conform to C89 or better. People still using ancient hosts
should use fixincludes or fix their include files manually.
Even if the include files conform, the library itself may not.
For example, strtod
and mktime
have some bugs on some platforms.
You can work around some of these problems by requiring the relevant
modules, e.g., the Gnulib mktime
module supplies a working and
conforming mktime
.
Although the C99 standard specifies many features, Gnulib code is conservative about using them, partly because Gnulib predates the widespread adoption of C99, and partly because many C99 features are not well-supported in practice. C99 features that are reasonably portable nowadays include:
for
statement.
long long int
.
<stdbool.h>
, assuming the stdbool
module is used.
See stdbool.h.
<stdint.h>
, assuming the stdint
module is used.
See stdint.h.
static inline
functions.
__func__
, assuming the func
module is used. See func.
restrict
qualifier, assuming
AC_REQUIRE([AC_C_RESTRICT])
is used.
This qualifier is sometimes implemented via a macro, so C++ code that
uses Gnulib should avoid using restrict
as an identifier.
flexmember
module).
Gnulib avoids some features even though they are standardized by C99, as they have portability problems in practice. Here is a partial list of avoided C99 features. Many other C99 features are portable only if their corresponding modules are used; Gnulib code that uses such a feature should require the corresponding module.
__STDC_NO_VLA__
is defined.
See the vararrays
module.
extern inline
functions, without checking whether they are
supported. See Extern inline functions.
<iso646.h>
, since GNU programs need not worry about deficient
source-code encodings.
The GNU coding standards allow one departure from strict C: Gnulib
code can assume that standard internal types like
ptrdiff_t
and size_t
are no
wider than long
. POSIX requires implementations to support at
least one programming environment where this is true, and such
environments are recommended for Gnulib-using applications. When it
is easy to port to non-POSIX platforms like MinGW where these types
are wider than long
, new Gnulib code should do so, e.g., by
using ptrdiff_t
instead of long
. However, it is not
always that easy, and no effort has been made to check that all Gnulib
modules work on MinGW-like environments.
Gnulib code makes the following additional assumptions:
int
and unsigned int
are at least 32 bits wide. POSIX
and the GNU coding standards both require this.
Previously, Gnulib code sometimes also assumed that signed integer arithmetic wraps around, but modern compiler optimizations sometimes do not guarantee this, and Gnulib code with this assumption is now considered to be questionable. See Integer Properties.
Although some Gnulib modules contain explicit support for the other signed integer representations allowed by the C standard (ones’ complement and signed magnitude), these modules are the exception rather than the rule. All practical Gnulib targets use two’s complement.
memset (A, 0, sizeof A)
initializes an array A
of
pointers to NULL.
intptr_t
and uintptr_t
exist, and pointers
can be converted to and from these types without loss of information.
ptrdiff_t
or size_t
values, then S + T
cannot overflow.
(char *) &O <= (char *) P && (char *) P <
(char *) (&O + 1)
.
uintptr_t
, except that offsets are
multiplied by the size of the pointed-to objects.
For example, if P + I
is a valid expression involving a pointer
P and an integer I, then (uintptr_t) (P + I) ==
(uintptr_t) ((uintptr_t) P + I * sizeof *P)
.
Similar arithmetic can be done with intptr_t
, although more
care must be taken in case of integer overflow or negative integers.
P
has alignment A
if and only if
(uintptr_t) P % A
is zero, and similarly for intptr_t
.
S + T
cannot overflow.
Overflow in this case would mean that the rest of your program fits
into T bytes, which can’t happen in realistic flat-address-space
hosts.
0 + (char *) NULL == (char *) NULL
.
Some system platforms violate these assumptions and are therefore not Gnulib porting targets. See Unsupported Platforms.
We develop and maintain a testsuite for Gnulib. The goal is to have a 100% firm interface so that maintainers can feel free to update to the code in git at any time and know that their application will not break. This means that before any change can be committed to the repository, a test suite program must be produced that exposes the bug for regression testing. All experimental work should be done on branches to help promote this.
When compiling and testing Gnulib and Gnulib-using programs, certain
compiler options can help improve reliability. The
manywarnings
module enables several forms of static checking in
GCC and related compilers (see manywarnings). For dynamic checking,
you can run configure
with CFLAGS
options appropriate
for your compiler. For example:
./configure \ CFLAGS='-g3 -O2'\ ' -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2'\ ' -fsanitize=undefined'\ ' -fsanitize-undefined-trap-on-error'
Here:
-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
enables extra security hardening checks in
the GNU C library.
-fsanitize=undefined
enables GCC’s undefined behavior sanitizer
(ubsan
), and
-fsanitize-undefined-trap-on-error
causes ubsan
to
abort the program (through an “illegal instruction” signal). This
measure stops exploit attempts and also allows you to debug the issue.
Without the -fsanitize-undefined-trap-on-error
option,
-fsanitize=undefined
causes messages to be printed, and
execution continues after an undefined behavior situation.
The message printing causes GCC-like compilers to arrange for the
program to dynamically link to libraries it might not otherwise need.
With GCC, instead of -fsanitize-undefined-trap-on-error
you can
use the -static-libubsan
option to arrange for two of the extra
libraries (libstdc++
and libubsan
) to be linked
statically rather than dynamically, though this typically bloats the
executable and the remaining extra libraries are still linked
dynamically.
Gnulib’s design and development philosophy is organized around steady, collaborative, and open development of reusable modules that are suitable for a reasonably wide variety of platforms.
Gnulib is useful to enhance various aspects of a package:
asprintf
, canonicalize_file_name
are not affected
by buffer sizing problems that affect sprintf
, realpath
.
openat
does not have the race conditions that open
has. Etc.
xalloc
,
xprintf
, xstrtod
, xgetcwd
.
Classical libraries are installed as binary object code. Gnulib is
different: It is used as a source code library. Each package that uses
Gnulib thus ships with part of the Gnulib source code. The used portion
of Gnulib is tailored to the package: A build tool, called
gnulib-tool
, is provided that copies a tailored subset of Gnulib
into the package.
One of the goals of Gnulib is to make portable programming easy, on the basis of the standards relevant for GNU (and Unix). The objective behind that is to avoid a fragmentation of the user community into disjoint user communities according to the operating system, and instead allow synergies between users on different operating systems.
Another goal of Gnulib is to provide application code that can be shared between several applications. Some people wonder: "What? glibc doesn’t have a function to copy a file?" Indeed, the scope of a system’s libc is to implement the relevant standards (ISO C, POSIX) and to provide access functions to the kernel’s system calls, and little more.
There is no clear borderline between both areas.
For example, Gnulib has a facility for generating the name of backup files. While this task is entirely at the application level—no standard specifies an API for it—the naïve code has some portability problems because on some platforms the length of file name components is limited to 30 characters or so. Gnulib handles that.
Similarly, Gnulib has a facility for executing a command in a
subprocess. It is at the same time a portability enhancement (it
works on GNU, Unix, and Windows, compared to the classical
fork
/exec
idiom which is not portable to Windows), as well
as an application aid: it takes care of redirecting stdin and/or
stdout if desired, and emits an error message if the subprocess
failed.
Gnulib supports a number of platforms that we call the “reasonable portability targets”. This class consists of widespread operating systems, for three years after their last availability, or—for proprietary operating systems—as long as the vendor provides commercial support for it. Already existing Gnulib code for older operating systems is usually left in place for longer than these three years. So it comes that programs that use Gnulib run pretty well also on these older operating systems.
Some operating systems are not very widespread, but are Free Software and are actively developed. Such platforms are also supported by Gnulib, if that OS’s developers community keeps in touch with the Gnulib developers, by providing bug reports, analyses, or patches. For such platforms, Gnulib supports only the versions of the last year or the last few months, depending on the maturity of said OS project, the number of its users, and how often these users upgrade.
Niche operating systems are generally unsupported by Gnulib, unless some of their developers or users contribute support to Gnulib.
The degree of support Gnulib guarantees for a platform depends on the amount of testing it gets from volunteers. Platforms on which Gnulib is frequently tested are the best supported. Then come platforms with occasional testing, then platforms which are rarely tested. Usually, we fix bugs when they are reported. Except that some rarely tested platforms are also low priority; bug fixes for these platforms can take longer.
As of 2020, the list of supported platforms is the following:
mgetgroups
, getugroups
, idcache
,
userspec
, openpty
, login_tty
, forkpty
,
pt_chown
, grantpt
, pty
, savewd
,
mkancesdirs
, mkdir-p
, euidaccess
, faccessat
.
The versions of Windows that are supported are Windows XP and newer.
Only the latest version of mingw is tested; older versions are not supported.
The following platforms were supported in the past, but are no longer supported:
Gnulib supports these operating systems only in an unvirtualized environment.
When you run an OS inside a virtual machine, you have to be aware that the
virtual machine can bring in bugs of its own. For example, floating-point
operations on Solaris can behave slightly differently in QEMU than on real
hardware. And Haiku’s bash
program misbehaves in VirtualBox 3,
whereas it behaves fine in VirtualBox 4.
Similarly, running native Windows binaries on GNU/Linux under WINE is rarely tested and low priority: WINE has a set of behaviours and bugs that is slightly different from native Windows.
Some platforms with C compilers are not supported by Gnulib because the platforms violate Gnulib’s C portability assumptions. See Other portability assumptions made by Gnulib.
These assumptions are not required by the C or POSIX standards but hold on almost all practical porting targets. If you need to port Gnulib code to a platform where these assumptions are not true, we would appreciate hearing of any fixes. We need fixes that do not increase runtime overhead on standard hosts and that are relatively easy to maintain.
These platforms are listed below to illustrate problems that Gnulib and Gnulib-using code would have if it were intended to be portable to all practical POSIX or C platforms.
intptr_t
and uintptr_t
, which are optional in the C and
POSIX standards. However, these two types are required for the XSI
extension to POSIX, and many Gnulib modules use them. To work around
this compatibility problem, Gnulib-using applications can be run on
the IBM i’s PASE emulation environment. The IBM i’s architecture
descends from the System/38 (1978).
CHAR_BIT == 9
and INT_MIN == -INT_MAX
. By default
UINT_MAX
is 2^{36} - 2, which does not conform to the C
requirement that it be one less than a power of two. Although
compiler options can raise UINT_MAX
to be 2^{36} - 1,
this can break system code that uses -0 as a flag value.
This platform’s architecture descends from the UNIVAC 1107 (1962).
unsigned int
uses the low-order 40 bits of the word, and
int
uses the low-order 41 bits of the word with a
signed-magnitude representation. On these machines, INT_MAX ==
UINT_MAX
, INT_MIN == -INT_MAX
, and sizeof (int) == 6
.
This platform’s architecture descends from the Burroughs B5000 (1961).
The following platforms are not supported by Gnulib. The cost of supporting them would exceed the benefit because they are rarely used, or poorly documented, or have been supplanted by other platforms, or diverge too much from POSIX, or some combination of these and other factors. Please don’t bother sending us patches for them.
Gnulib is divided into modules. Every module implements a single facility. Modules can depend on other modules.
A module consists of a number of files and a module description. The
files are copied by gnulib-tool
into the package that will use it,
usually verbatim, without changes. Source code files (.h, .c files)
reside in the lib/ subdirectory. Autoconf macro files reside in
the m4/ subdirectory. Build scripts reside in the
build-aux/ subdirectory.
The module description contains the list of files; gnulib-tool
copies these files. It contains the module’s
dependencies; gnulib-tool
installs them as well. It also
contains the autoconf macro invocation (usually a single line or
nothing at all); gnulib-tool
ensures this is invoked from the
package’s configure.ac file. And also a Makefile.am
snippet; gnulib-tool
collects these into a Makefile.am
for the tailored Gnulib part. The module description and include file
specification are for documentation purposes; they are combined into
MODULES.html.
The module system serves two purposes:
getopt_long
function—this is a common way to implement parsing
of command line options in a way that complies with the GNU standards—needs
the source code (lib/getopt.c and others), the autoconf macro
which detects whether the system’s libc already has this function (in
m4/getopt.m4), and a few Makefile.am lines that create the
substitute getopt.h if not. These three pieces belong together.
They cannot be used without each other. The module description and
gnulib-tool
ensure that they are copied altogether into the
destination package.
In other words, the module is the elementary unit of code in Gnulib, comparable to a class in object-oriented languages like Java or C#.
The module system is the basis of gnulib-tool
. When
gnulib-tool
copies a part of Gnulib into a package, it first
compiles a module list, starting with the requested modules and adding all
the dependencies, and then collects the files, configure.ac
snippets and Makefile.am snippets.
There are modules of various kinds in Gnulib. For a complete list of the modules, see in MODULES.html.
When a function is not implemented by a system, the Gnulib module provides an implementation under the same name. Examples are the ‘snprintf’ and ‘readlink’ modules.
Similarly, when a function is not correctly implemented by a system, Gnulib provides a replacement. For functions, we use the pattern
#if !HAVE_WORKING_FOO # define foo rpl_foo #endif
and implement the foo
function under the name rpl_foo
. This
renaming is needed to avoid conflicts at compile time (in case the system
header files declare foo
) and at link/run time (because the code
making use of foo
could end up residing in a shared library, and
the executable program using this library could be defining foo
itself).
For header files, such as stdbool.h
or stdint.h
, we provide
the substitute only if the system doesn’t provide a correct one. The
template of this replacement is distributed in a slightly different name,
with ‘.in’ inserted before the ‘.h’ extension, so that on
systems which do provide a correct
header file the system’s one is used.
The modules in this category are supported in C++ mode as well. This means, while the autoconfiguration uses the C compiler, the resulting header files and function substitutes can be used with a matching C++ compiler as well.
These are sometimes POSIX functions with GNU extensions also found in glibc—examples: ‘getopt’, ‘fnmatch’—and often new APIs—for example, for all functions that allocate memory in one way or the other, we have variants which also include the error checking against the out-of-memory condition.
Examples are a module for copying a file—the portability problems
relate to the copying of the file’s modification time, access rights,
and extended attributes—or a module for extracting the tail
component of a file name—here the portability to native Windows
requires a different API than the classical POSIX basename
function.
Examples are an error reporting function, a module that allows output of numbers with K/M/G suffixes, or cryptographic facilities.
Examples are data structures like ‘list’, or abstract output stream
classes that work around the fact that an application cannot implement an
stdio FILE
with its logic. Here, while staying in C, we use
implementation techniques like tables of function pointers, known from the
C++ language or from the Linux kernel.
Examples are the ‘iconv’ module, which interfaces to the
iconv
facility, regardless whether it is contained in libc or in
an external libiconv
. Or the ‘readline’ module, which
interfaces to the GNU readline library.
An example is the ‘maintainer-makefile’ module, which provides extra Makefile tags for maintaining a package.
Gnulib is maintained collaboratively. The mailing list is
<bug-gnulib at gnu dot org>
. Be warned that some people on the
list may be very active at some times and unresponsive at other times.
Every module has one or more maintainers. While issues are discussed collaboratively on the list, the maintainer of a module nevertheless has a veto right regarding changes in his module.
All patches should be posted to the list, regardless whether they are proposed patches or whether they are committed immediately by the maintainer of the particular module. The purpose is not only to inform the other users of the module, but mainly to allow peer review. It is not uncommon that several people contribute comments or spot bugs after a patch was proposed.
Conversely, if you are using Gnulib, and a patch is posted that affects one of the modules that your package uses, you have an interest in proofreading the patch.
Most modules are under the GPL. Some, mostly modules which can reasonably be used in libraries, are under LGPL. Few modules are under other licenses, such as LGPLv2+, unlimited, or public domain.
If the module description file says "GPL", it means "GPLv3+" (GPLv3 or newer, at the licensee’s choice); if it says "LGPL", it means "LGPLv3+" (LGPLv3 or newer, at the licensee’s choice).
The source files, more precisely the files in lib/ and build-aux/, are under a license compatible with the module’s license. Most often, they are under the same license. But files can be shared among several modules, and in these cases it can happen that a source file is under a weaker license than noted in the module description — namely under the weakest license among the licenses of the modules that contain the file.
Different licenses apply to files in special directories:
Module description files are under this copyright:
Copyright © 20XX–20YY Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification, in any medium, are permitted without royalty provided the copyright notice and this notice are preserved.
Autoconf macro files are under this copyright:
Copyright © 20XX–20YY Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
If a license statement is not present in a test module, the test files are under GPL. Even if the corresponding source module is under LGPL, this is not a problem, since compiled tests are not installed by “make install”.
Documentation files are under this copyright:
Copyright © 2004–20YY Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is at https://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl-1.3.en.html.
If you want to use some Gnulib modules under LGPL, you can do so by
passing the option ‘--lgpl’ to gnulib-tool
. This will
ensure that all imported modules can be used under the LGPL license.
Similarly, if you want some Gnulib modules
under LGPLv2+ (Lesser GPL version 2.1 or newer), you can do so by
passing the option ‘--lgpl=2’ to gnulib-tool
.
Keep in mind that when you submit patches to files in Gnulib, you should license them under a compatible license. This means that sometimes the contribution will have to be LGPL, if the original file is available under LGPL. You can find out about it by looking at the license header of the file.
Gnulib modules are continually adapted, to match new practices, to be consistent with newly added modules, or simply as a response to build failure reports.
If you are willing to report an occasional regression, we recommend to use the newest version from git always, except in periods of major changes. Most Gnulib users do this.
Gnulib is open in the sense that we gladly accept contributions if they are generally useful, well engineered, and if the contributors have signed the obligatory papers with the FSF.
The module system is open in the sense that a package using Gnulib can
gnulib-tool
.
This is achieved by the ‘--local-dir’ option of gnulib-tool
(see Extending Gnulib).
The gnulib-tool
command is the recommended way to import
Gnulib modules. It is possible to borrow Gnulib modules in a package
without using gnulib-tool
, relying only on the
meta-information stored in the modules/* files, but with a
growing number of modules this becomes tedious. gnulib-tool
simplifies the management of source files, Makefile.ams and
configure.ac in packages incorporating Gnulib modules.
gnulib-tool is not installed in a standard directory that is
contained in the PATH
variable. It needs to be run directly in
the directory that contains the Gnulib source code. You can do this
either by specifying the absolute filename of gnulib-tool, or
you can also use a symbolic link from a place inside your PATH
to the gnulib-tool file of your preferred and most up-to-date
Gnulib checkout, like this:
$ ln -s $HOME/gnu/src/gnulib.git/gnulib-tool $HOME/bin/gnulib-tool
Run ‘gnulib-tool --help’ for information. To get familiar with
gnulib-tool
without affecting your sources, you can also try
some commands with the option ‘--dry-run’; then
gnulib-tool
will only report which actions it would perform in
a real run without changing anything.
gettextize
and autopoint
usersThere are four ways of finding the names of Gnulib modules that you can use in your package:
Gnulib assumes that your project uses Autoconf. When using Gnulib, you will need to have Autoconf among your build tools.
Gnulib also assumes that your project’s configure.ac contains the line
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
The config.h file gets generated with platform dependent C macro definitions, and the source files include it (see Changing your sources for use with Gnulib).
Unless you use gnulib-tool
’s --gnu-make option,
Gnulib also assumes that your project uses Automake at least in a
subdirectory of your project. While the use of Automake in your
project’s top level directory is an easy way to fulfil the Makefile
conventions of the GNU coding standards, Gnulib does not require it.
Invoking ‘gnulib-tool --import’ will copy source files, create a Makefile.am to build them, generate a file gnulib-comp.m4 with Autoconf M4 macro declarations used by configure.ac, and generate a file gnulib-cache.m4 containing the cached specification of how Gnulib is used.
Our example will be a library that uses Autoconf, Automake and
Libtool. It calls strdup
, and you wish to use gnulib to make
the package portable to C99 and C11 (which don’t have strdup
).
~/src/libfoo$ gnulib-tool --import strdup Module list with included dependencies: absolute-header extensions strdup string File list: lib/dummy.c lib/strdup.c lib/string.in.h m4/absolute-header.m4 m4/extensions.m4 m4/gnulib-common.m4 m4/strdup.m4 m4/string_h.m4 Creating directory ./lib Creating directory ./m4 Copying file lib/dummy.c Copying file lib/strdup.c Copying file lib/string.in.h Copying file m4/absolute-header.m4 Copying file m4/extensions.m4 Copying file m4/gnulib-common.m4 Copying file m4/gnulib-tool.m4 Copying file m4/strdup.m4 Copying file m4/string_h.m4 Creating lib/Makefile.am Creating m4/gnulib-cache.m4 Creating m4/gnulib-comp.m4 Finished. You may need to add #include directives for the following .h files. #include <string.h> Don't forget to - add "lib/Makefile" to AC_CONFIG_FILES in ./configure.ac, - mention "lib" in SUBDIRS in Makefile.am, - mention "-I m4" in ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS in Makefile.am, - invoke gl_EARLY in ./configure.ac, right after AC_PROG_CC, - invoke gl_INIT in ./configure.ac. ~/src/libfoo$
By default, the source code is copied into lib/ and the M4
macros in m4/. You can override these paths by using
--source-base=DIRECTORY
and --m4-base=DIRECTORY
. Some
modules also provide other files necessary for building. These files
are copied into the directory specified by ‘AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR’ in
configure.ac or by the --aux-dir=DIRECTORY
option. If
neither is specified, the current directory is assumed.
gnulib-tool
can make symbolic links instead of copying the
source files. The option to specify for this is ‘--symlink’, or
‘-s’ for short. This can be useful to save a few kilobytes of disk
space. But it is likely to introduce bugs when gnulib
is updated;
it is more reliable to use ‘gnulib-tool --update’ (see below)
to update to newer versions of gnulib
. Furthermore it requires
extra effort to create self-contained tarballs, and it may disturb some
mechanism the maintainer applies to the sources. For these reasons,
this option is generally discouraged.
gnulib-tool
will overwrite any pre-existing files, in
particular Makefile.am. It is also possible to separate the
generated Makefile.am content (for building the gnulib library)
into a separate file, say gnulib.mk, that can be included by your
handwritten Makefile.am, but this is a more advanced use of
gnulib-tool
.
Consequently, it is a good idea to choose directories that are not
already used by your projects, to separate gnulib imported files from
your own files. This approach is also useful if you want to avoid
conflicts between other tools (e.g., gettextize
that also copy
M4 files into your package. Simon Josefsson successfully uses a source
base of gl/, and a M4 base of gl/m4/, in several
packages.
After the ‘--import’ option on the command line comes the list of Gnulib modules that you want to incorporate in your package. The names of the modules coincide with the filenames in Gnulib’s modules/ directory.
Some Gnulib modules depend on other Gnulib modules. gnulib-tool
will automatically add the needed modules as well; you need not list
them explicitly. gnulib-tool
will also memorize which dependent
modules it has added, so that when someday a dependency is dropped, the
implicitly added module is dropped as well (unless you have explicitly
requested that module).
If you want to cut a dependency, i.e., not add a module although one of your requested modules depends on it, you may use the option ‘--avoid=module’ to do so. Multiple uses of this option are possible. Of course, you will then need to implement the same interface as the removed module.
A few manual steps are required to finish the initial import.
gnulib-tool
printed a summary of these steps.
First, you must ensure Autoconf can find the macro definitions in
gnulib-comp.m4. Use the ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS
specifier in
your top-level Makefile.am file, as in:
ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS = -I m4
You are now ready to call the M4 macros in gnulib-comp.m4
from
configure.ac. The macro gl_EARLY
must be called as soon
as possible after verifying that the C compiler is working.
Typically, this is immediately after AC_PROG_CC
, as in:
... AC_PROG_CC gl_EARLY ...
The core part of the gnulib checks are done by the macro
gl_INIT
. Place it further down in the file, typically where
you normally check for header files or functions. It must come after
other checks which may affect the compiler invocation, such as
AC_MINIX
. For example:
... # For gnulib. gl_INIT ...
gl_INIT
will in turn call the macros related with the
gnulib functions, be it specific gnulib macros, like gl_FUNC_ALLOCA
or Autoconf or Automake macros like AC_FUNC_ALLOCA
or
AM_FUNC_GETLINE
. So there is no need to call those macros yourself
when you use the corresponding gnulib modules.
You must also make sure that the gnulib library is built. Add the
Makefile
in the gnulib source base directory to
AC_CONFIG_FILES
, as in:
AC_CONFIG_FILES(... lib/Makefile ...)
You must also make sure that make
will recurse into the gnulib
directory. To achieve this, add the gnulib source base directory to a
SUBDIRS
Makefile.am statement, as in:
SUBDIRS = lib
or if you, more likely, already have a few entries in SUBDIRS
,
you can add something like:
SUBDIRS += lib
Finally, you have to add compiler and linker flags in the appropriate source directories, so that you can make use of the gnulib library. Since some modules (‘getopt’, for example) may copy files into the build directory, top_builddir/lib is needed as well as top_srcdir/lib. For example:
... AM_CPPFLAGS = -I$(top_builddir)/lib -I$(top_srcdir)/lib ... LDADD = lib/libgnu.a ...
Don’t forget to #include
the various header files. In this
example, you would need to make sure that ‘#include <string.h>’
is evaluated when compiling all source code files, that want to make
use of strdup
.
In the usual case where Autoconf is creating a config.h file, you should include config.h first, before any other include file. That way, for example, if config.h defines ‘restrict’ to be the empty string on a non-C99 host, or a macro like ‘_FILE_OFFSET_BITS’ that affects the layout of data structures, the definition is consistent for all include files. Also, on some platforms macros like ‘_FILE_OFFSET_BITS’ and ‘_GNU_SOURCE’ may be ineffective, or may have only a limited effect, if defined after the first system header file is included.
Finally, note that you cannot use AC_LIBOBJ
or
AC_REPLACE_FUNCS
in your configure.ac and expect the
resulting object files to be automatically added to lib/libgnu.a.
This is because your AC_LIBOBJ
and AC_REPLACE_FUNCS
invocations
from configure.ac augment a variable @LIBOBJS@
(and/or
@LTLIBOBJS@
if using Libtool), whereas lib/libgnu.a
is built from the contents of a different variable, usually
@gl_LIBOBJS@
(or @gl_LTLIBOBJS@
if using Libtool).
You can at any moment decide to use Gnulib differently than the last time.
There are two ways to change how Gnulib is used. Which one you’ll use,
depends on where you keep track of options and module names that you pass
to gnulib-tool
.
gnulib-tool
again, with modified options and more or fewer module names.
gnulib-tool
remembers which modules were used last time. If you
want to rely on gnulib-tool
’s own memory of the last used
options and module names, you can use the commands
gnulib-tool --add-import
and
gnulib-tool --remove-import
.
So, if you only want to use more Gnulib modules, simply invoke
gnulib-tool --add-import new-modules
. The list of
modules that you pass after ‘--add-import’ is added to the
previous list of modules.
Similarly, if you want to use fewer Gnulib modules, simply invoke
gnulib-tool --remove-import unneeded-modules
. The list
of modules that you pass after ‘--remove-import’ is removed
from the previous list of modules. Note that if a module is then still
needed as dependency of other modules, it will be used nevertheless.
If you want to really not use a module any more, regardless of
whether other modules may need it, you need to use the ‘--avoid’
option.
For other changes, such as different choices of ‘--lib’, ‘--source-base’ or ‘--aux-dir’, the normal way is to modify manually the file gnulib-cache.m4 in the M4 macros directory, then launch ‘gnulib-tool --add-import’.
The only change for which this doesn’t work is a change of the
‘--m4-base’ directory. Because, when you pass a different value of
‘--m4-base’, gnulib-tool
will not find the previous
gnulib-cache.m4 file any more. A possible solution is to
manually copy the gnulib-cache.m4 into the new M4 macro directory.
In the gnulib-cache.m4 file, the macros have the following meaning:
gl_MODULES
The argument is a space separated list of the requested modules, not including dependencies.
gl_AVOID
The argument is a space separated list of modules that should not be used, even if they occur as dependencies. Corresponds to the ‘--avoid’ command line argument.
gl_SOURCE_BASE
The argument is the relative file name of the directory containing the gnulib source files (mostly *.c and *.h files). Corresponds to the ‘--source-base’ command line argument.
gl_M4_BASE
The argument is the relative file name of the directory containing the gnulib M4 macros (*.m4 files). Corresponds to the ‘--m4-base’ command line argument.
gl_TESTS_BASE
The argument is the relative file name of the directory containing the gnulib unit test files. Corresponds to the ‘--tests-base’ command line argument.
gl_LIB
The argument is the name of the library to be created. Corresponds to the ‘--lib’ command line argument.
gl_LGPL
The presence of this macro without arguments corresponds to the ‘--lgpl’ command line argument. The presence of this macro with an argument (whose value must be 2 or 3) corresponds to the ‘--lgpl=arg’ command line argument.
gl_LIBTOOL
The presence of this macro corresponds to the ‘--libtool’ command line argument and to the absence of the ‘--no-libtool’ command line argument. It takes no arguments.
gl_MACRO_PREFIX
The argument is the prefix to use for macros in the gnulib-comp.m4 file. Corresponds to the ‘--macro-prefix’ command line argument.
When you want to update to a more recent version of Gnulib, without changing the list of modules or other parameters, a simple call does it:
$ gnulib-tool --add-import
This will create, update or remove files, as needed.
Note: From time to time, changes are made in Gnulib that are not backward compatible. When updating to a more recent Gnulib, you should consult Gnulib’s NEWS file to check whether the incompatible changes affect your project.
Gnulib contains some header file overrides. This means that when building on systems with deficient header files in /usr/include/, it may create files named string.h, stdlib.h, stdint.h or similar in the build directory. In the other source directories of your package you will usually pass ‘-I’ options to the compiler, so that these Gnulib substitutes are visible and take precedence over the files in /usr/include/.
These Gnulib substitute header files rely on <config.h> being already included. Furthermore <config.h> must be the first include in every compilation unit. This means that to all your source files and likely also to all your tests source files you need to add an ‘#include <config.h>’ at the top. Which source files are affected? Exactly those whose compilation includes a ‘-I’ option that refers to the Gnulib library directory.
This is annoying, but inevitable: On many systems, <config.h> is
used to set system dependent flags (such as _GNU_SOURCE
on GNU systems),
and these flags have no effect after any system header file has been included.
When you use Gnulib, you need to augment the set of libraries against which
your programs and libraries are linked. This is done by augmenting the
Automake variable LDADD
(for all programs) or
prog_LDADD
(for a single program prog
) or
library_la_LIBADD
(for a single library library.la
).
What do you need to add to this Automake variable?
lib/libgnu.a
for source in the
top-level directory, or ../lib/libgnu.a
for source in a sibling
directory of lib/
.
gnulib-tool
. Alternatively,
you can retrieve the set of additional libraries required by a specific
Gnulib module by running
./gnulib-tool --extract-recursive-link-directive module
Beware: By looking into the module description file modules/module
or by running
./gnulib-tool --extract-link-directive module
you would miss the link dependencies of indirectly used modules.
Gnulib contains a wealth of portability workarounds for ISO C and POSIX functions. They are listed in detail in the chapter ISO C and POSIX Function Substitutes. If you want to know which function substitutes are recommended for your package, you can search your source code for ISO C and POSIX functions that it uses and read the corresponding sections of said documentation chapter. But this is a tedious task. Here is an alternative approach that makes this task easier.
make distclean
if you previously built in the top-level directory.
Then regenerate the Autotools-generated parts of the package.
make distclean
.
In some cases, you may want to set additional compiler options for
use within the Gnulib import directory. For example, the
‘relocatable’ module operates better if you define the C macros
ENABLE_COSTLY_RELOCATABLE
and INSTALLDIR
during its
compilation.
There are two ways to do so: Use of the gnulib-tool
option
--makefile-name
, and a kitchen-sink module.
With the gnulib-tool
option --makefile-name
, you are
telling gnulib-tool
to generate an includable Makefile.am
portion, rather than a self-contained Makefile.am
. For example,
when you use --makefile-name=Makefile.gnulib
, gnulib-tool
will generate Makefile.gnulib
, and you will provide a
hand-written Makefile.am
that includes Makefile.gnulib
through a line such as
include Makefile.gnulib
Before this include, you need to initialize this set of Makefile.am
variables:
AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS
SUBDIRS
noinst_HEADERS
noinst_LIBRARIES
noinst_LTLIBRARIES
pkgdata_DATA
(only with Automake ≥ 1.11.4)
EXTRA_DIST
BUILT_SOURCES
SUFFIXES
MOSTLYCLEANFILES
MOSTLYCLEANDIRS
CLEANFILES
DISTCLEANFILES
MAINTAINERCLEANFILES
AM_CPPFLAGS
AM_CFLAGS
AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS
should be initialized as described in
Changing Automake’s Behavior in GNU Automake.
The other variables can be initialized to empty. However, you will most
likely want to initialize some of them with non-empty values, in order
to achieve the desired customization.
The other approach, the kitchen-sink module, is more advanced. See chapter Extending Gnulib.
Your project might build both a library and some accompanying programs
in the same source tree. In that case you might want to use different
modules for the library than for the programs. Typically the programs
might want to make use of getopt-posix
or version-etc
,
while the library wants to stay clear of these modules for technical
or licensing reasons.
Let’s assume that your project contains a lib directory where the source of the library resides and a src directory for the sources of the programs as follows.
. |-- configure.ac |-- lib | |-- foo.c | `-- Makefile.am |-- Makefile.am `-- src |-- bar.c `-- Makefile.am
You can now add two instances of Gnulib to your project in separate source trees:
~/src/libfoo$ gnulib-tool --import --lib=libgnu --source-base=gnulib \ --m4-base=gnulib/m4 --macro-prefix=gl strndup ~/src/libfoo$ gnulib-tool --import --lib=libgnutools \ --source-base=src/gnulib --m4-base=src/gnulib/m4 \ --macro-prefix=gl_tools getopt-gnu
The first one will import the module strndup
in gnulib
and the second one will import getopt-gnu
in src/gnulib
and you will end up with the following source tree (many files omitted
in the interest of brevity):
. |-- configure.ac |-- gnulib | |-- m4 | |-- strndup.c |-- lib | |-- foo.c | `-- Makefile.am |-- Makefile.am `-- src |-- bar.c |-- gnulib | |-- getopt.c | |-- getopt.in.h | |-- m4 `-- Makefile.am
As discussed in Bundling the unit tests of the Gnulib modules, you may not use ‘--with-tests’
for this project since the configure.ac
is shared.
Integration with your code is basically the same as outlined in
Initial import with the one exception that you have to add both
the macro gl_EARLY
and the macro gl_tools_EARLY
to your
configure.ac (and of course also both macros gl_INIT
and
gl_tools_INIT
). Obviously the name of the second macro is
dependent on the value of the --macro-prefix option in your
gnulib-tool
invocation.
... AC_PROG_CC gl_EARLY gl_tools_EARLY ... # For gnulib. gl_INIT gl_tools_INIT ...
Also as outlined in Initial import you will have to add compiler and linker flags. For the library you might have to add something along the line of the following to your Makefile.am:
... AM_CPPFLAGS = -I$(top_srcdir)/gnulib -I$(top_builddir)/gnulib ... libfoo_la_LIBADD = $(top_builddir)/gnulib/libgnu.la ...
Correspondingly for the programs you will have to add something like this:
... AM_CPPFLAGS = -I$(top_srcdir)/src/gnulib -I$(top_builddir)/src/gnulib ... LDADD = $(top_builddir)/src/gnulib/libgnutools.la ...
The name of the library that you have pass in the linker option
depends on the --lib option in gnulib-tool
invocation.
gettextize
and autopoint
usersThe programs gettextize
and autopoint
, part of
GNU gettext
, import or update the internationalization infrastructure.
Some of this infrastructure, namely ca. 20 Autoconf macro files and the
config.rpath file, is also contained in Gnulib and may be imported
by gnulib-tool
. The use of gettextize
or autopoint
will therefore overwrite some of the files that gnulib-tool
has
imported, and vice versa.
Avoiding to use gettextize
(manually, as package maintainer) or
autopoint
(as part of a script like autoreconf
or
autogen.sh
) is not the solution: These programs also import the
infrastructure in the po/ and optionally in the intl/ directory.
The copies of the conflicting files in Gnulib are more up-to-date than
the copies brought in by gettextize
and autopoint
. When a
new gettext
release is made, the copies of the files in Gnulib will
be updated immediately.
The choice of which version of gettext to require depends on the needs of your package. For a package that wants to comply to GNU Coding Standards, the steps are:
gettextize
, always use the gettextize
from the
matching GNU gettext release. For the most recent Gnulib checkout, this is
the newest release found on https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gettext/. For an
older Gnulib snapshot, it is the release that was the most recent release
at the time the Gnulib snapshot was taken.
gettextize
, invoke gnulib-tool
and import
the gettext
module. Also, copy the latest version of gnulib’s
build-aux/po/Makefile.in.in to your po/ directory (this
is done for you if you use gnulib’s bootstrap script).
*** error: gettext infrastructure mismatch:
using a Makefile.in.in from gettext version ...
but the Autoconf macros are from gettext version ...
,
it means that a new GNU gettext release was made, and its Autoconf macros
were integrated into Gnulib and now mismatch the po/ infrastructure.
In this case, fetch and install the new GNU gettext release and run
gettextize
followed by gnulib-tool
.
On the other hand, if your package is not as concerned with compliance to the latest standards, but instead favors development on stable environments, the steps are:
gettext
that you intend to
support during development (at this time, gnulib recommends going no
older than version 0.17). Run autopoint
(not
gettextize
) to copy infrastructure into place (newer versions
of gettext will install the older infrastructure that you requested).
gnulib-tool
, and import the gettext-h
module.
Regardless of which approach you used to get the infrastructure in place, the following steps must then be used to preserve that infrastructure (gnulib’s bootstrap script follows these rules):
autopoint
, invoke gnulib-tool
afterwards.
autoreconf
after gnulib-tool
, make sure to
not invoke autopoint
a second time, by setting the AUTOPOINT
environment variable, like this:
$ env AUTOPOINT=true autoreconf --install
Gnulib provides some functions that emit translatable messages using GNU
gettext
. The ‘gnulib’ domain at the
Translation Project collects
translations of these messages, which you should incorporate into your
own programs.
There are two basic ways to achieve this. The first, and older, method is to list all the source files you use from Gnulib in your own po/POTFILES.in file. This will cause all the relevant translatable strings to be included in your POT file. When you send this POT file to the Translation Project, translators will normally fill in the translations of the Gnulib strings from their “translation memory”, and send you back updated PO files.
However, this process is error-prone: you might forget to list some source files, or the translator might not be using a translation memory and provide a different translation than another translator, or the translation might not be kept in sync between Gnulib and your package. It is also slow and causes substantial extra work, because a human translator must be in the loop for each language and you will need to incorporate their work on request.
For these reasons, a new method was designed and is now recommended. If
you pass the --po-base=directory
and --po-domain=domain
options to gnulib-tool
, then gnulib-tool
will create a
separate directory with its own POTFILES.in, and fetch current
translations directly from the Translation Project (using
rsync
or wget
, whichever is available).
The POT file in this directory will be called
domain-gnulib.pot, depending on the domain you gave to the
--po-domain
option (typically the same as the package name).
This causes these translations to reside in a separate message domain,
so that they do not clash either with the translations for the main part
of your package nor with those of other packages on the system that use
possibly different versions of Gnulib.
When you use these options, the functions in Gnulib are built
in such a way that they will always use this domain regardless of the
default domain set by textdomain
.
In order to use this method, you must—in each program that might use Gnulib code—add an extra line to the part of the program that initializes locale-dependent behavior. Where you would normally write something like:
setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR); textdomain (PACKAGE);
you should add an additional bindtextdomain
call to inform
gettext of where the MO files for the extra message domain may be found:
bindtextdomain (PACKAGE "-gnulib", LOCALEDIR);
(This example assumes that the domain that you specified
to gnulib-tool
is the same as the value of the PACKAGE
preprocessor macro.)
Since you do not change the textdomain
call, the default message
domain for your program remains the same and your own use of gettext
functions will not be affected.
If a project stores its source files in a version control system (VCS), such as CVS, Subversion, or Git, one needs to decide which files to commit.
In principle, all files created by gnulib-tool
, except
gnulib-cache.m4, can be treated like generated source files,
like for example a parser.c file generated from
parser.y. Alternatively, they can be considered source files
and updated manually.
Here are the three different approaches in common use. Each has its place, and you should use whichever best suits your particular project and development methods.
gnulib-tool
generated files should all be
committed. In this case, you should pass the option
‘--no-vc-files’ to gnulib-tool
, which avoids alteration of
VCS-related files such as .gitignore.
Gnulib also contains files generated by make
(and removed by
make clean
), using information determined by
configure
. For a Gnulib source file of the form
lib/foo.in.h, the corresponding lib/foo.h is such a
make
-generated file. These should not be checked
into the VCS, but instead added to .gitignore or equivalent.
gnulib-tool
. The command for restoring the omitted files
depends on it:
gnulib-cache.m4
, such as
autogen.sh, bootstrap, bootstrap.conf, or similar,
the restoration command is the entire gnulib-tool ... --import ...
invocation with all options and module names.
gnulib-tool
’s memory of the last used
options and module names, then the file gnulib-cache.m4 in the M4
macros directory must be added to the VCS, and the restoration command
is:
$ gnulib-tool --update
The ‘--update’ option operates much like the ‘--add-import’ option, but it does not offer the possibility to change the way Gnulib is used. Also it does not report in the ChangeLogs the files that it had to add because they were missing.
Gnulib includes the file build-aux/bootstrap to aid a developer in using this setup. Furthermore, in projects that use git for version control, it is possible to use a git submodule containing the precise commit of the gnulib repository, so that each developer running bootstrap will get the same version of all gnulib-provided files. The location of the submodule can be chosen to fit the package’s needs; here’s how to initially create the submodule in the directory .gnulib:
$ dir=.gnulib $ git submodule add -- https://git.savannah.gnu.org/git/gnulib.git $dir $ git config alias.syncsub "submodule foreach git pull origin master"
Thereafter, bootstrap can run this command to update the submodule to the recorded checkout level:
git submodule update --init $dir
and a developer can use this sequence to update to a newer version of gnulib:
$ git syncsub $ git add $dir $ ./bootstrap
Makefile.in
generated by Automake. This
increases the size and complexity of the repository, but can help
occasional contributors by not requiring them to have a full Gnulib
checkout to do a build, and all developers by ensuring that all
developers are working with the same version of Gnulib in the
repository. It also supports multiple Gnulib instances within a
project. It remains important not to commit the
make
-generated files, as described above.
You can bundle the unit tests of the Gnulib modules together with your
package, through the ‘--with-tests’ option. Together with
‘--with-tests’, you also specify the directory for these tests
through the ‘--tests-base’ option. Of course, you need to add this
directory to the SUBDIRS
variable in the Makefile.am
of
the parent directory.
The advantage of having the unit tests bundled is that when your program has a problem on a particular platform, running the unit tests may help determine quickly if the problem is on Gnulib’s side or on your package’s side. Also, it helps verifying Gnulib’s portability, of course.
The unit tests will be compiled and run when the user runs ‘make check’. When the user runs only ‘make’, the unit tests will not be compiled.
In the SUBDIRS
variable, it is useful to put the Gnulib tests directory
after the directory containing the other tests, not before:
SUBDIRS = gnulib-lib src man tests gnulib-tests
This will ensure that on platforms where there are test failures in either directory, users will see and report the failures from the tests of your program.
Note: In packages which use more than one invocation of gnulib-tool
in the scope of the same configure.ac
, you cannot use
‘--with-tests’. You will have to use a separate configure.ac
in this case.
In some cases, a module is needed by another module only on specific
platforms. But when a module is present, its Autoconf checks are always
executed, and its Makefile.am
additions are always enabled. So
it can happen that some Autoconf checks are executed and some source files
are compiled, although no other module needs them on this particular
platform, just in case some other module would need them.
The option ‘--conditional-dependencies’ enables an optimization of
configure checks and Makefile.am
snippets that avoids this. With
this option, whether a module is considered “present” is no longer decided
when gnulib-tool
is invoked, but later, when configure
is run.
This applies to modules that were added as dependencies while
gnulib-tool
was run; modules that were passed on the command line
explicitly are always “present”.
For example, the timegm
module needs, on platforms
where the system’s timegm
function is missing or buggy, a replacement
that is based on a function mktime_internal
. The module
mktime-internal
that provides this function provides it on all
platforms. So, by default, the file mktime-internal.c will be
compiled on all platforms, even on glibc and BSD systems which have a
working timegm
function. When the option
‘--conditional-dependencies’ is given, on the other hand, and if
mktime-internal
was not explicitly required on the command line,
the file mktime-internal.c will only be compiled on the platforms
where the timegm
needs them.
Conditional dependencies are specified in the module description by putting
the condition on the same line as the dependent module, enclosed in brackets.
The condition is a boolean shell expression that can assume that the
configure.ac
snippet from the module description has already been
executed. In the example above, the dependency from timegm
to
mktime-internal
is written like this:
Depends-on: ... mktime-internal [test $HAVE_TIMEGM = 0 || test $REPLACE_TIMEGM = 1] ...
Note: The option ‘--conditional-dependencies’ cannot be used together
with the option ‘--with-tests’. It also cannot be used when a package
uses gnulib-tool
for several subdirectories, with different values
of ‘--source-base’, in the scope of a single configure.ac
file.
This chapter explains how to write modules of your own, either to extend Gnulib for your own package (see Extending Gnulib), or for inclusion in gnulib proper.
The guidelines in this chapter do not necessarily need to be followed for
using gnulib-tool
. They merely represent a set of good practices.
Following them will result in a good structure of your modules and in
consistency with gnulib.
AC_LIBOBJ
Every API (C functions or variables) provided should be declared in a header file (.h file) and implemented in one or more implementation files (.c files). The separation has the effect that users of your module need to read only the contents of the .h file and the module description in order to understand what the module is about and how to use it—not the entire implementation. Furthermore, users of your module don’t need to repeat the declarations of the functions in their code, and are likely to receive notification through compiler errors if you make incompatible changes to the API (like, adding a parameter or changing the return type of a function).
The .h file should declare the C functions and variables that the module provides.
The .h file should be stand-alone. That is, it does not require other .h files to be included before. Rather, it includes all necessary .h files by itself.
It is a tradition to use CPP tricks to avoid parsing the same header file more than once, which might cause warnings. The trick is to wrap the content of the header file (say, foo.h) in a block, as in:
#ifndef FOO_H # define FOO_H ... body of header file goes here ... #endif /* FOO_H */
Whether to use FOO_H
or _FOO_H
is a matter of taste and
style. The C99 and C11 standards reserve all identifiers that begin with an
underscore and either an uppercase letter or another underscore, for
any use. Thus, in theory, an application might not safely assume that
_FOO_H
has not already been defined by a library. On the other
hand, using FOO_H
will likely lead the higher risk of
collisions with other symbols (e.g., KEY_H
, XK_H
, BPF_H
,
which are CPP macro constants, or COFF_LONG_H
, which is a CPP
macro function). Your preference may depend on whether you consider
the header file under discussion as part of the application (which has
its own namespace for CPP symbols) or a supporting library (that
shouldn’t interfere with the application’s CPP symbol namespace).
Adapting C header files for use in C++ applications can use another CPP trick, as in:
# ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { # endif ... body of header file goes here ... # ifdef __cplusplus } # endif
The idea here is that __cplusplus
is defined only by C++
implementations, which will wrap the header file in an ‘extern "C"’
block. Again, whether to use this trick is a matter of taste and
style. While the above can be seen as harmless, it could be argued
that the header file is written in C, and any C++ application using it
should explicitly use the ‘extern "C"’ block itself. Your
preference might depend on whether you consider the API exported by
your header file as something available for C programs only, or for C
and C++ programs alike.
Note that putting a #include
in an extern "C" { ... }
block yields a syntax error in C++ mode on some platforms (e.g., glibc
systems with g++ v3.3 to v4.2, AIX, IRIX). For this reason, it
is recommended to place the #include
before the extern
"C"
block.
The .c file or files implement the functions and variables declared in the .h file.
Every implementation file must start with ‘#include <config.h>’.
This is necessary for activating the preprocessor macros that are defined
on behalf of the Autoconf macros. Some of these preprocessor macros,
such as _GNU_SOURCE
, would have no effect if defined after a system
header file has already been included.
Then comes the ‘#include "..."’ specifying the header file that is being implemented. Putting this right after ‘#include <config.h>’ has the effect that it verifies that the header file is self-contained.
Then come the system and application headers. It is customary to put all the system headers before all application headers, so as to minimize the risk that a preprocessor macro defined in an application header confuses the system headers on some platforms.
In summary:
The specification of a function should answer at least the following questions:
Where to put the specification describing exported functions? Three practices are used in gnulib:
In any case, the specification should appear in just one place, unless you can ensure that the multiple copies will always remain identical.
The advantage of putting it in the header file is that the user only has to read the include file normally never needs to peek into the implementation file(s).
The advantage of putting it in the implementation file is that when reviewing or changing the implementation, you have both elements side by side.
The advantage of texinfo formatted documentation is that it is easily published in HTML or Info format.
Currently (as of 2020), 70% of gnulib uses the first practice, 25% of gnulib uses the second practice, and a small minority uses the texinfo practice.
For the module description, you can start from an existing module’s description, or from a blank one: module/TEMPLATE for a normal module, or module/TEMPLATE-TESTS for a unit test module. Some more fields are possible but rarely used. Use module/TEMPLATE-EXTENDED if you want to use one of them.
Module descriptions have the following fields. Absent fields are equivalent to fields with empty contents.
This field should contain a concise description of the module’s functionality. One sentence is enough. For example, if it defines a single function ‘frob’, the description can be ‘frob() function: frobnication.’ Gnulib’s documentation generator will automatically convert the first part to a hyperlink when it has this form.
This field is either empty/absent, or contains the word ‘obsolete’. In
the latter case, gnulib-tool
will, unless the option
--with-obsolete
is given, omit it when it used as a dependency. It is
good practice to also notify the user about an obsolete module. This is done
by putting into the ‘Notice’ section (see below) text like
‘This module is obsolete.’
This field contains text that gnulib-tool
will show to the user
when the module is used. This can be a status indicator like
‘This module is obsolete.’ or additional advice. Do not abuse this
field.
This field is either empty/absent, or contains the word ‘all’. It
describes to which Makefile.am
the module is applied. By default,
a normal module is applied to source_base/Makefile.am
(normally lib/Makefile.am
), whereas a module ending in -tests
is applied to tests_base/Makefile.am
(normally
tests/Makefile.am
). If this field is ‘all’, it is applied to
both Makefile.am
s. This is useful for modules which provide
Makefile.am macros rather than compiled source code.
This field contains a newline separated list of the files that are part of
the module. gnulib-tool
copies these files into the package that
uses the module.
This list is typically ordered by importance: First comes the header file, then the implementation files, then other files.
It is possible to have the same file mentioned in multiple modules. That is, if the maintainers of that module agree on the purpose and future of said file.
This field contains a newline separated list of the modules that are required
for the proper working of this module. gnulib-tool
includes each
required module automatically, unless it is specified with option
--avoid
or it is marked as obsolete and the option
--with-obsolete
is not given.
A test modules foo-tests
implicitly depends on the corresponding non-test
module foo
. foo
implicitly depends on foo-tests
if the
latter exists and if the option --with-tests
has been given.
Tests modules can depend on non-tests modules. Non-tests modules should not depend on tests modules. (Recall that tests modules are built in a separate directory.)
Each listed required module may be declared a conditional dependency. This
is indicated by placing the condition for the dependency on the same line,
enclosed in brackets, after the name of the required module. The condition
is a shell expression that is run after the module’s configure.ac
statements. For example:
strtoull [test $ac_cv_func_strtoumax = no]
Lines starting with #
are recognized as comments and are ignored.
This field contains configure.ac stuff (Autoconf macro invocations and
shell statements) that are logically placed early in the configure.ac
file: right after the AC_PROG_CC
invocation. This section is adequate
for statements that modify CPPFLAGS
, as these can affect the results of
other Autoconf macros.
This field contains configure.ac stuff (Autoconf macro invocations and shell statements).
It is forbidden to add items to the CPPFLAGS
variable here, other than
temporarily, as these could affect the results of other Autoconf macros.
We avoid adding items to the LIBS
variable, other than temporarily.
Instead, the module can export an Autoconf-substituted variable that contains
link options. The user of the module can then decide to which executables
to apply which link options. Recall that a package can build executables of
different kinds and purposes; having all executables link against all
libraries is inappropriate.
If the statements in this section grow larger than a couple of lines, we
recommend moving them to a .m4
file of their own.
This field contains Makefile.am
statements. Variables like
lib_SOURCES
are transformed to match the name of the library
being built in that directory. For example, lib_SOURCES
may become
libgnu_a_SOURCES
(for a plain library) or libgnu_la_SOURCES
(for a libtool library). Therefore, the normal way of having an
implementation file lib/foo.c
compiled unconditionally is to write
lib_SOURCES += foo.c
This field contains the preprocessor statements that users of the module need to add to their source code files. Typically it’s a single include statement. A shorthand is allowed: You don’t need to write the word “#include”, just the name of the include file in the way it will appear in an include statement. Example:
"foo.h"
This field contains the set of libraries that are needed when linking
libraries or executables that use this module. Often this will be
written as a reference to a Makefile variable. Please write them
one per line, so that gnulib-tool
can remove duplicates
when presenting a summary to the user.
Example:
$(POW_LIBM) $(LTLIBICONV) when linking with libtool, $(LIBICONV) otherwise
When this field is omitted, it defaults to the union of the Link
field of the dependencies.
This field specifies the license that governs the source code parts of this module. See Copyright for details. Be sure to place, in every source code file, a copyright notice and the appropriate license notice, taken from the etc/license-notices/ directory.
This field specifies the persons who have a definitive say about proposed
changes to this module. You don’t need to mention email addresses here:
they can be inferred from the ChangeLog
file.
Please put at least one person here. We don’t like unmaintained modules.
For a module foo
, an Autoconf macro file m4/foo.m4 is typically
created when the Autoconf macro invocations for the module are longer than
one or two lines.
The name of the main entry point into this Autoconf macro file is typically
gl_FOO
. For modules outside Gnulib that are not likely to be moved
into Gnulib, please use a prefix specific to your package: gt_
for
GNU gettext, cu_
for GNU coreutils, etc.
For modules that define a function foo
, the entry point is called
gl_FUNC_FOO
instead of gl_FOO
. For modules that provide a
header file with multiple functions, say foo.h
, the entry point is
called gl_FOO_H
or gl_HEADER_FOO_H
. This convention is useful
because sometimes a header and a function name coincide (for example,
fcntl
and fcntl.h
).
For modules that provide a replacement, it is useful to split the Autoconf
macro into two macro definitions: one that detects whether the replacement
is needed and requests the replacement by setting a HAVE_FOO
variable to 0 or a REPLACE_FOO
variable to 1 (this is the
entry point, say gl_FUNC_FOO
), and one that arranges for the macros
needed by the replacement code lib/foo.c
(typically called
gl_PREREQ_FOO
). The reason of this separation is
lib/foo.c
, all you have to review
is the Depends-on
section of the module description and the
gl_PREREQ_FOO
macro in the Autoconf macro file.
AC_LIBOBJ
Source files that provide a replacement should be only compiled on the
platforms that need this replacement. While it is actually possible
to compile a .c
file whose contents is entirely #ifdef
’ed
out on the platforms that don’t need the replacement, this practice is
discouraged because
.o
file that suggests that a replacement was needed.
The typical idiom for invoking AC_LIBOBJ
is thus the following,
in the module description:
if test $HAVE_FOO = 0 || test $REPLACE_FOO = 1; then AC_LIBOBJ([foo]) gl_PREREQ_FOO fi
Important: Do not place AC_LIBOBJ
invocations in the Autoconf
macros in the m4/
directory. The purpose of the Autoconf macros
is to determine what features or bugs the platform has, and to make
decisions about which replacements are needed. The purpose of the
configure.ac
and Makefile.am
sections of the module
descriptions is to arrange for the replacements to be compiled.
Source file names do not belong in the m4/
directory.
When an AC_LIBOBJ
invocation is unconditional, it is simpler
to just have the source file compiled through an Automake variable
augmentation: In the Makefile.am
section write
lib_SOURCES += foo.c
When a module description contains an AC_LIBOBJ([foo])
invocation, you must list the source file lib/foo.c
in the Files
section. This is needed even if the module
depends on another module that already lists lib/foo.c
in its
Files
section — because your module might be used among
the test modules (in the directory specified through ‘--tests-base’)
and the other module among the main modules (in the directory specified
through ‘--source-base’), and in this situation, the
AC_LIBOBJ([foo])
of your module can only be satisfied by having
foo.c
be present in the tests source directory as well.
A unit test that is a simple C program usually has a module description as simple as this:
Files: tests/test-foo.c tests/macros.h Depends-on: configure.ac: Makefile.am: TESTS += test-foo check_PROGRAMS += test-foo
The test program tests/test-foo.c often has the following structure:
ASSERT
macro.
The body of the test, then, contains many ASSERT
invocations. When
a test fails, the ASSERT
macro prints the line number of the failing
statement, thus giving you, the developer, an idea of which part of the test
failed, even when you don’t have access to the machine where the test failed
and the reporting user cannot run a debugger.
Sometimes it is convenient to write part of the test as a shell script. (For example, in areas related to process control or interprocess communication, or when different locales should be tried.) In these cases, the typical module description is like this:
Files: tests/test-foo.sh tests/test-foo.c tests/macros.h Depends-on: configure.ac: Makefile.am: TESTS += test-foo.sh TESTS_ENVIRONMENT += FOO_BAR='@FOO_BAR@' check_PROGRAMS += test-foo
Here, the TESTS_ENVIRONMENT
variable can be used to pass values
determined by configure
or by the Makefile
to the shell
script, as environment variables. The Autoconf values EXEEXT
and srcdir
are already provided as environment variables,
through an initial value of TESTS_ENVIRONMENT
that
gnulib-tool
puts in place.
Regardless of the specific form of the unit test, the following guidelines should be respected:
ASSERT
macro already does so.
fputs ("Skipping test: multithreading not enabled\n", stderr); return 77;
Such a message helps detecting bugs in the autoconf macros: A simple message ‘SKIP: test-foo’ does not sufficiently catch the attention of the user.
Incompatible changes to Gnulib modules should be mentioned in Gnulib’s NEWS file. Incompatible changes here mean that existing source code may not compile or work any more.
We don’t mean changes in the binary interface (ABI), since
Gnulib modules are intended to be suitable for widespread use. Most problems with Gnulib can and should be fixed in a generic way, so that all of Gnulib’s users can benefit from the change. But occasionally a problem arises that is difficult or undesirable to fix generically, or a project that uses Gnulib may need to work around an issue before the Gnulib maintainers commit a final fix. Maintainers may also want to add their own pools of modules to projects as Gnulib “staging areas.”
The obvious way to make local changes to Gnulib modules is to use
gnulib-tool
to check out pristine modules, then to modify
the results in-place. This works well enough for short-lived
experiments. It is harder to keep modified versions of Gnulib modules
for a long time, even though Git (or another distributed version
control systems) can help out a lot with this during the development
process.
Git, however, doesn’t address the distribution issue. When a package
“foobar” needs a modified version of, say, stdint.in.h, it
either has to put a comment into foobar/autogen.sh saying
“Attention! This doesn’t work with a pristine Gnulib, you need this
and that patch after checking out Gnulib,” or it has to use the
‘--avoid=stdint’ option and provide the modified stdint
module in a different directory.
The --local-dir option to gnulib-tool
solves this
problem. It allows the package to override or augment Gnulib. This
means:
gnulib-tool
option --makefile-name.)
In a release tarball, you can distribute the contents of this --local-dir directory that will be combinable with newer versions of Gnulib, barring incompatible changes to Gnulib.
If the --local-dir=directory option is specified, then
gnulib-tool
looks in directory whenever it
reads a file from the Gnulib directory. Suppose gnulib-tool
is looking for file. Then:
gnulib-tool
uses
it instead of the file included in Gnulib.
gnulib-tool
uses the file from Gnulib after applying the diff
using the patch
program.
gnulib-tool
uses the file included in Gnulib.
You can specify the --local-dir multiple times. In this case, the first specified directory has the highest precedence. That is, a file found in one directory will shadow any file and file.diff in the later directories and in the Gnulib directory. And a file file.diff found in one directory will be applied on top of the combination of file and file.diff files found in the later directories and in the Gnulib directory.
Please make wise use of this option. It also allows you to easily hold back modifications you make to Gnulib macros in cases it may be better to share them.
The gnulib API does not have a standard error code for the out of memory error condition. Instead of adding a non-standard error code, gnulib has chosen to adopt a different strategy. Out of memory handling happens in rare situations, but performing the out of memory error handling after almost all API function invocations pollute your source code and might make it harder to spot more serious problems. The strategy chosen improves code readability and robustness.
For most applications, aborting the application with an error message when the out of memory situation occurs is the best that can be wished for. This is how the library behaves by default (using the ‘xalloc-die’ module).
However, we realize that some applications may not want to abort
execution in any situation. Gnulib supports a hook to let the
application regain control and perform its own cleanups when an out of
memory situation has occurred. The application can define a function
(having a void
prototype, i.e., no return value and no
parameters) and set the library variable
xalloc_die
to that function. The variable should be
declared as follows.
extern void (*xalloc_die) (void);
Gnulib will invoke this function if an out of memory error occurs. Note that the function should not return. Of course, care must be taken to not allocate more memory, as that will likely also fail.
Modules can be marked obsolete. This means that the problems they fix
don’t occur any more on the platforms that are reasonable porting targets
now. gnulib-tool
warns when obsolete modules are mentioned on the
command line, and by default ignores dependencies from modules to obsolete
modules. When you pass the option --with-obsolete
to
gnulib-tool
, dependencies to obsolete modules will be included,
however, unless blocked through an --avoid
option. This option
is useful if your package should be portable even to very old platforms.
In order to mark a module obsolete, you need to add this to the module description:
Status: obsolete Notice: This module is obsolete.
Test modules can be marked with some special status attributes. When a
test module has such an attribute, gnulib-tool --import
will not
include it by default.
The supported status attributes are:
c++-test
Indicates that the test is testing C++ interoperability. Such a test is useful in a C++ or mixed C/C++ package, but is useless in a C package.
longrunning-test
Indicates that the test takes a long time to compile or execute (more than five minutes or so). Such a test is better avoided in a release that is made for the general public.
privileged-test
Indicates that the test will request special privileges, for example, ask for the superuser password. Such a test may hang when run non-interactively and is therefore better avoided in a release that is made for the general public.
unportable-test
Indicates that the test is known to fail on some systems, and that there is no workaround about it. Such a test is better avoided in a release that is made for the general public.
gnulib-tool --import --with-tests
will not include tests marked with
these attributes by default. When gnulib-tool
is invoked with one
of the options --with-c++-tests
, --with-longrunning-tests
,
--with-privileged-tests
, --with-unportable-tests
, it
will include tests despite the corresponding special status attribute.
When gnulib-tool
receives the option --with-all-tests
,
it will include all tests regardless of their status attributes.
gnulib-tool --create-testdir --with-tests
and
gnulib-tool --create-megatestdir --with-tests
by default include all
tests of modules specified on the command line, regardless of their status
attributes. Tests of modules occurring as dependencies are not included
by default if they have one of these status attributes. The options
--with-c++-tests
, --with-longrunning-tests
,
--with-privileged-tests
, --with-unportable-tests
are
recognized here as well. Additionally, gnulib-tool
also
understands the options --without-c++-tests
,
--without-longrunning-tests
, --without-privileged-tests
,
--without-unportable-tests
.
In order to mark a module with a status attribute, you need to add it to the module description, like this:
Status: longrunning-test
If only a part of a test deserves a particular status attribute, you
can split the module into a primary and a secondary test module,
say foo-tests
and foo-extra-tests
. Then add a dependency
from foo-tests
to foo-extra-tests
, and mark the
foo-extra-tests
with the particular status attribute.
The normal way to design modules is that each module has its own code, and the module dependencies provide the facilities on which this code can rely. But sometimes it is necessary to use more advanced techniques. For example:
n
against zero when you call malloc (n)
.
Be aware that these advanced techniques likely cause breakage in the
situation of multiple gnulib-tool
invocations in the scope of a
single configure
file. This is because the question “is module
B present?” does not have a unique answer in such situations.
gnulib-tool
has support for these techniques in the situation of
--create-testdir --single-configure
, which basically has two
gnulib-tool
invocations, one for a set of modules that end up in
gllib
, and one for the set of modules that end up in
gltests
. But you should be aware that this does not cover the
general situation.
Which technique to use, depends on the answer to the question: “If my
module occurs among the modules of gltests
, should it have an
effect on the modules in gllib
?”
If the answer is “no”, your module description should invoke the
Autoconf macro gl_MODULE_INDICATOR
. This Autoconf macro takes
one argument: the name of your module. The effect of
gl_MODULE_INDICATOR([my-module])
is to define, in
config.h
, a C macro GNULIB_MY_MODULE
that indicates
whether your macro is considered to be present. This works even when
your macro is used in gltests
: GNULIB_MY_MODULE
will then evaluate to 1 in gltests
but to 0 in gllib
.
If the answer is “yes”, you have two techniques available. The first
one is to invoke a similar Autoconf macro, named
gl_MODULE_INDICATOR_FOR_TESTS
. It works similarly. However,
when your macro is used in gltests
, GNULIB_MY_MODULE
will evaluate to 1 both in gltests
and in gllib
.
The second one is to define a shell variable in the configure
file that tells whether your module is present, through use of
m4_divert_text
. The Autoconf macros of a dependency module will
initialize this shell variable, through
‘m4_divert_text([DEFAULTS], [my_shell_var=no])’. The
Autoconf macros of your module will override this value, through
‘m4_divert_text([INIT_PREPARE], [my_shell_var=yes])’. Then
you can use my_shell_var
in the Autoconf macros of both
modules. You can find more details about this technique in the Gnulib
module getopt-gnu
.
Reminder: These techniques are advanced. They have the potential to cause lots of headaches if you apply them incorrectly.
The function definitions provided by Gnulib (.c
code) are meant
to be compiled by a C compiler. The header files (.h
files),
on the other hand, can be used in either C or C++.
By default, when used in a C++ compilation unit, the .h
files
declare the same symbols and overrides as in C mode, except that functions
defined by Gnulib or by the system are declared as ‘extern "C"’.
It is also possible to indicate to Gnulib to provide many of its symbols
in a dedicated C++ namespace. If you define the macro
GNULIB_NAMESPACE
to an identifier, many functions will be defined
in the namespace specified by the identifier instead of the global
namespace. For example, after you have defined
#define GNULIB_NAMESPACE gnulib
at the beginning of a compilation unit, Gnulib’s <fcntl.h>
header
file will make available the open
function as gnulib::open
.
The symbol open
will still refer to the system’s open
function,
with its platform specific bugs and limitations.
The symbols provided in the Gnulib namespace are those for which the
corresponding header file contains a _GL_CXXALIAS_RPL
or
_GL_CXXALIAS_SYS
macro invocation.
The benefits of this namespace mode are:
open
has to be overridden, Gnulib normally does
#define open rpl_open
. If your package has a class with a member
open
, for example a class foo
with a method foo::open
,
then if you define this member in a compilation unit that includes
<fcntl.h>
and use it in a compilation unit that does not include
<fcntl.h>
, or vice versa, you will get a link error. Worse: You
will not notice this problem on the platform where the system’s open
function works fine. This problem goes away in namespace mode.
gnulib::open
in your code, and you forgot to request the module
‘open’ from Gnulib, you will get a compilation error (regardless of
the platform).
The drawback of this namespace mode is that the system provided symbols in
the global namespace are still present, even when they contain bugs that
Gnulib fixes. For example, if you call open (...)
in your code,
it will invoke the possibly buggy system function, even if you have
requested the module ‘open’ from gnulib-tool.
You can turn on the namespace mode in some compilation units and keep it turned off in others. This can be useful if your package consists of an application layer that does not need to invoke POSIX functions and an operating system interface layer that contains all the OS function calls. In such a situation, you will want to turn on the namespace mode for the application layer—to avoid many preprocessor macro definitions—and turn it off for the OS interface layer—to avoid the drawback of the namespace mode, mentioned above.
Gnulib provides copies of the GNU GPL, GNU LGPL, GNU Affero GPL, and
GNU FDL licenses in Texinfo form. (The master location is
https://www.gnu.org/licenses/). These Texinfo documents do not
have any node names and structures built into them; for your manual,
you should @include
them in an appropriate @node
.
The conventional name for the GPL node is ‘Copying’ and for the FDL ‘GNU Free Documentation License’. The LGPL doesn’t seem to have a conventional node name.
Of course the license texts themselves should not be changed at all.
The recommended way to make use of these license files, consistently with current practice, is as follows:
To make use of the code license in your documentation, you may request
one of the modules gpl-3.0
, gpl-2.0
, lgpl-3.0
,
lgpl-2.1
, agpl-3.0
, through a gnulib-tool
invocation.
Or you may copy the relevant Texinfo file directly into your VCS repository.
Both approaches are equally good. The Texinfo file changes very rarely.
To make use of this documentation license, copy the relevant Texinfo file into your VCS repository. This makes sure that anyone who receives a copy of your VCS repository has also received a copy of the documentation license. In the documentation, also state what are the Invariant Sections, the Front-Cover Texts, and the Back-Cover Texts.
If you wish to help the gnulib development effort with build logs for your favorite platform, you may perform these steps:
Install the proper development tools. To build and test all of
Gnulib, you will need development tools for the programming languages
C, C++, Java, and Perl, along with standard POSIX utilities such as
awk
, make
and sh
. You will also need
development tools that include Autoconf, Automake, Bison, Gettext,
Git, GNU M4, Gperf, Libtool, and Texinfo. Some of these tools are
needed only by some modules. More details can be found in Gnulib’s
DEPENDENCIES file.
See https://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/ for how to get the current Gnulib sources via Git.
On a machine with GNU development tools installed and with a gnulib git checkout, use
gnulib-tool --create-megatestdir --with-tests --dir=...
Note: The created directory uses ca. 512 MB on disk.
Transfer this directory to a build machine (HP-UX, Cygwin, or whatever). Often it is easier to transfer one file, and this can be achieved by running, inside the directory the following commands:
./configure make dist
And then transferring the dummy-0.tar.gz file.
On the build machine, run ./do-autobuild (or "nohup ./do-autobuild"). It creates a directory logs/ with a log file for each module.
This section shows a radically different way to use Gnulib.
You can extract the ISO C / POSIX substitutes part of gnulib by running the command
gnulib-tool --create-testdir --source-base=lib \ --dir=/tmp/posixlib `posix-modules`
The command ‘posix-modules’ is found in the same directory as
gnulib-tool
.
The resulting directory can be built on a particular platform,
independently of the program being ported. Then you can configure and
build any program, by setting CPPFLAGS
and LDFLAGS
at
configure time accordingly: set CPPFLAGS="-I.../posixlib/lib"
, plus
any essential type definitions and flags that you find in
.../posixlib/config.h
, and set
LDFLAGS=".../posixlib/lib/libgnu.a"
.
This way of using Gnulib is useful when you don’t want to modify the program’s
source code, or when the program uses a mix between C and C++ sources
(requiring separate builds of the posixlib
for the C compiler and
for the C++ compiler).
This chapter describes which header files specified by ISO C or POSIX are substituted by Gnulib, which portability pitfalls are fixed by Gnulib, and which (known) portability problems are not worked around by Gnulib.
The notation “Gnulib module: —” means that Gnulib does not provide a
module providing a substitute for the header file. When the list
“Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib” is empty, such a module is
not needed: No portability problems are known. Otherwise, it indicates
that such a module would be useful but is not available: No one so far
found this header file important enough to contribute a substitute for it.
If you need this particular header file, you may write to
<bug-gnulib at gnu dot org>
.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/aio.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/arpa_inet.h.html
Gnulib module: arpa_inet
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/assert.h.html
Gnulib module: assert-h
See also the Gnulib modules assert
and verify
.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
static_assert
and _Static_assert
do
not allow the second string-literal argument to be omitted. For
example, GCC versions before 9.1 do not support the single-argument
static_assert
that was standardized by C2X and C++17.
static_assert
or
_Static_assert
at all. For example, GCC versions before 4.6 do
not support _Static_assert
, and G++ versions before 4.3 do not
support static_assert
, which was standardized by C11 and C++11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
_Static_assert
and C++ static_assert
are keywords that can be used without including <assert.h>
.
The Gnulib substitutes are macros that require including <assert.h>
.
static_assert
and _Static_assert
can also
be used within a struct
or union
specifier, in place of
an ordinary declaration of a member of the struct or union. The
Gnulib substitute can be used only as an ordinary declaration.
assert
can be applied to any scalar expression.
In C89, the argument to assert
is of type int
.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/complex.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/cpio.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/ctype.h.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/dirent.h.html
Gnulib module: dirent
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ino_t
is missing on some platforms:
glibc 2.23 and others.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
struct dirent
member named
d_type
and directory entry type macros like DT_DIR
and
DT_LNK
, some do not:
Minix 3.1.8, AIX 7.2, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, mingw.
d_type
, not every filesystem supports
d_type
, and those lacking support will set it to DT_UNKNOWN
.
struct dirent
member named d_namlen
containing the string length of d_name
, but others do not:
glibc 2.23 on Linux, Minix 3.1.8, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin.
All of these, except Cygwin, have a member d_reclen
instead,
that has a different semantics.
struct dirent
member named d_off
containing a magic cookie suitable as an argument to seekdir
,
but others do not:
glibc 2.23 on Hurd, macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 11.0, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 6.7, AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, Cygwin, mingw.
struct dirent
member named
d_reclen
containing the number of bytes in the directory entry
record, but others do not. This member has limited utility, as it is
an implementation detail.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/dlfcn.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/errno.h.html
Gnulib module: errno
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
EOVERFLOW
is not defined
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.0, mingw, MSVC 9.
ENOLINK
is not defined
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 6.7, mingw, MSVC 9.
EMULTIHOP
is not defined
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 6.7, mingw, MSVC 14.
ECANCELED
is not defined on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.0, Cygwin, mingw, MSVC 9.
ENOMSG
, EIDRM
, EPROTO
, EBADMSG
,
ENOTSUP
are not defined on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.0, mingw, MSVC 9.
ESTALE
is not defined on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
EDQUOT
is not defined on some platforms:
NonStop Kernel, mingw, MSVC 14.
ENETRESET
, ECONNABORTED
are not defined on some
platforms:
Minix 3.1.8, mingw, MSVC 9.
EWOULDBLOCK
, ETXTBSY
, ELOOP
, ENOTSOCK
,
EDESTADDRREQ
, EMSGSIZE
, EPROTOTYPE
, ENOPROTOOPT
,
EPROTONOSUPPORT
, EOPNOTSUPP
, EAFNOSUPPORT
,
EADDRINUSE
, EADDRNOTAVAIL
, ENETDOWN
, ENETUNREACH
,
ECONNRESET
, ENOBUFS
, EISCONN
, ENOTCONN
,
ETIMEDOUT
, ECONNREFUSED
, EHOSTUNREACH
, EALREADY
,
EINPROGRESS
are not defined on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 9.
EOWNERDEAD
, ENOTRECOVERABLE
are not defined on
some platforms:
glibc/Linux 2.3.6, glibc/Hurd 2.15, glibc/kFreeBSD 2.15,
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 6.0, Minix 3.1.8, AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Cygwin, mingw without pthreads-win32, MSVC 9.
EILSEQ
is not defined on some platforms:
LynxOS 178 2.2.2.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/fcntl.h.html
Gnulib module: fcntl-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
pid_t
is not defined on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
mode_t
is not defined on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
int
on some platforms:
AIX 7.1 with XL C 12.1.
int
on some
platforms:
Solaris 11.3.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/fenv.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/float.h.html
Gnulib module: float
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
int
to long double
in incorrect on some
platforms:
glibc 2.7 on Linux/SPARC64.
LDBL_*
macros are incorrect on some platforms:
On OpenBSD 4.0 and MirBSD 10, they are the same as the values of the
DBL_*
macros, although ‘long double’ is a larger type than
‘double’.
On FreeBSD/x86 6.4, they represent the incorrect 53-bit precision assumptions
in the compiler, not the real 64-bit precision at runtime.
On Linux/PowerPC with GCC 4.4, on AIX 7.1 with GCC 4.2, and on IRIX 6.5,
they don’t reflect the “double double” representation of long double
correctly.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
FLT_ROUNDS
is a constant expression and does not represent
the current rounding mode on some platforms:
glibc 2.11, HP-UX 11, mingw.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/fmtmsg.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/fnmatch.h.html
Gnulib module: fnmatch-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/ftw.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/glob.h.html
Gnulib module: glob-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/grp.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/iconv.h.html
Gnulib module: iconv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/inttypes.h.html
Gnulib module: inttypes
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
imaxabs
and imaxdiv
are missing on some
platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, OpenBSD 6.7, AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5.
strtoimax
and strtoumax
are missing on some
platforms:
OpenBSD 6.7, AIX 5.1 (missing only strtoumax
).
__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
to make visible the declarations of format
macros such as PRIdMAX
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/iso646.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/langinfo.h.html
Gnulib module: langinfo
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
CODESET
is not defined on some platforms:
OpenBSD 6.7.
ALTMON_1
to ALTMON_12
are not defined on some
platforms:
glibc 2.26, musl libc, macOS 11.1, NetBSD 8.0, OpenBSD 6.5, AIX 7.2, HP-UX 11.31, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Haiku, Cygwin 2.9.
ERA
, ERA_D_FMT
, ERA_D_T_FMT
,
ERA_T_FMT
, ALT_DIGITS
are not defined on some platforms:
OpenBSD 6.7.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/libgen.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The Gnulib module dirname
provides similar API, with functions
base_name
and dir_name
that also work with Windows file names.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/limits.h.html
Gnulib module: limits-h or gethostname
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module limits-h
:
LLONG_MIN
, LLONG_MAX
, ULLONG_MAX
are not
defined on some platforms:
older glibc systems (e.g. Fedora 1), AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, OpenVMS.
WORD_BIT
, LONG_BIT
are not defined on some platforms:
glibc 2.11 without -D_GNU_SOURCE
, Cygwin, mingw, MSVC 14.
CHAR_WIDTH
are not defined on some platforms:
glibc 2.24, NetBSD 9.0, many others.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module gethostname
:
HOST_NAME_MAX
macro is not defined on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 13.0, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 6.7, AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11,
IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
SSIZE_MAX
has the wrong type,
albeit with the correct value:
32-bit glibc 2.24 (on some architectures), Cygwin 2.5.2.
SSIZE_MAX
is not defined on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
For PATH_MAX
, Gnulib provides a module pathmax
with a header
file "pathmax.h"
. It defines PATH_MAX
to a constant on
platforms with a file name length limit.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/locale.h.html
Gnulib module: locale
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
locale_t
type is not defined on some platforms:
glibc 2.11, macOS 11.1.
struct lconv
type does not contain any members on some platforms:
Android up to 2014.
struct lconv
type does not contain the members
int_p_cs_precedes
, int_p_sign_posn
, int_p_sep_by_space
,
int_n_cs_precedes
, int_n_sign_posn
, int_n_sep_by_space
on some platforms:
glibc, OpenBSD 4.9, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC 14.
NULL
macro that cannot be used in arbitrary
expressions:
NetBSD 5.0
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/math.h.html
Gnulib module: math
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
int
to long double
in incorrect on some
platforms:
glibc 2.7 on Linux/SPARC64.
NAN
is not defined on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.0, AIX 5.1, IRIX 6.5.
NAN
is not exposed outside of C99 compilation on some
platforms:
glibc.
NAN
and HUGE_VAL
expand to a function address
rather than a floating point constant on some platforms:
Solaris 10.
HUGE_VALF
and HUGE_VALL
are not defined on some
platforms:
glibc/HPPA, glibc/SPARC, AIX 5.1, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, MSVC 9.
FP_ILOGB0
and FP_ILOGBNAN
are not defined on some
platforms:
NetBSD 5.1, AIX 5.1, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, MSVC 9.
FP_ILOGB0
and FP_ILOGBNAN
have wrong values on some
platforms:
Haiku 2017.
NAN
, HUGE_VALL
, and INFINITY
are not
defined on some platforms:
OpenVMS.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
NAN
is not a compile time constant with some compilers:
OpenVMS.
math_errhandling
is not defined on some platforms:
glibc 2.11, OpenBSD 4.9, NetBSD 5.1, UP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Cygwin 1.7.9, mingw, MSVC 9.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/monetary.h.html
Gnulib module: monetary
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/mqueue.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/ndbm.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/net_if.h.html
Gnulib module: net_if
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/netdb.h.html
Gnulib module: netdb
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
socklen_t
on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5.
AI_ALL
, AI_V4MAPPED
on some platforms:
NetBSD 9.0.
AI_ADDRCONFIG
on some platforms:
NetBSD 5.0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/netinet_in.h.html
Gnulib module: netinet_in
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/types.h>
to be included first):
OpenBSD 4.6.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/netinet_tcp.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/nl_types.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/poll.h.html
Gnulib module: poll-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/pthread.h.html
Gnulib module: pthread-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
strtok_r
and
gmtime_r
:
mingw 3.0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_atfork
on some
platforms:
IRIX 6.5.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/pwd.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/regex.h.html
Gnulib module: regex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/types.h>
to be included first.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sched.h.html
Gnulib module: sched
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
pid_t
on some platforms:
glibc 2.11, macOS 11.1.
struct sched_param
is not defined on some platforms:
Haiku.
SCHED_FIFO
, SCHED_RR
, SCHED_OTHER
are not defined on
some platforms:
Haiku.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/search.h.html
Gnulib module: search
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/semaphore.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/setjmp.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/signal.h.html
Gnulib module: signal-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
volatile sig_atomic_t
is rejected by older compilers on some
platforms:
AIX.
sigset_t
is missing on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
sigset_t
is only declared in <sys/types.h> on some platforms:
mingw.
struct sigaction
and siginfo_t
are missing on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
pid_t
is not defined on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
SIGPIPE
is not defined on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
SA_RESETHAND
and SA_RESTART
are not defined
on some platforms:
NonStop.
sighandler_t
(a GNU extension) is not defined on most non-glibc
platforms:
macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 13.0, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 6.7, AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11,
IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
SIGBUS
is set to the same value as SIGSEGV
,
rather than being a distinct signal, on some platforms:
Haiku.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/spawn.h.html
Gnulib module: spawn
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
Not in POSIX yet, but we expect it will be.
ISO C11 (latest free draft
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1570.pdf)
sections 6.5.3.4, 6.7.5, 7.15.
C++11 (latest free draft
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2011/n3242.pdf)
section 18.10.
Gnulib module: stdalign
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<stdalign.h>
does not define alignof
/_Alignof
.
alignof
and _Alignof
macros return too large values for
the types double
and long long
in GCC 4.7.0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
alignof
/_Alignof
must be a
parenthesized type. Recent versions of GCC support an extension in
which the operand can also be a unary expression, as with
sizeof
. The Gnulib substitute does not support this extension.
alignof
/_Alignof
cannot be a structure type containing a
flexible array member.
_Alignas
and alignas
are not always supported;
on platforms lacking support, the
macro __alignas_is_defined
is not defined.
Supported compilers include GCC, IBM C, Sun C 5.9 and later,
and MSVC 7.0 and later.
alignas
/_Alignas
of auto
variables (i.e.,
variables on the stack). They diagnose and ignore the alignment: Sun
C 5.11.
_Alignas
/alignas
that are greater than 8: mingw.
_Alignas
/alignas
to be a single integer constant, not an expression: MSVC 7.0 through
at least 10.0.
_Alignas
/alignas
. The Sun Studio Developer Bug
Report Review Team assigned the internal review ID 2125432 (dated
2011-11-01) to this issue. The bug appears to be fixed in Sun C 5.15,
also known as Oracle Developer Studio 12.6.
<stdalign.h>
must be #included before _Alignas
and
_Alignof
can be used.
_Alignas
and _Alignof
are reserved words;
they might be macros.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdarg.h.html
Gnulib module: stdarg
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
va_copy
to work.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdbool.h.html
Gnulib module: stdbool
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
true
incorrectly on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.7 with gcc 2.95.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<stdbool.h>
is included, or if
the program is intended to be compiled by a C++ compiler.
_Bool
is a typedef; it might be a macro.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stddef.h.html
Gnulib module: stddef
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
max_align_t
, which was added in C11:
NetBSD 8.0, Solaris 11.0, and others.
max_align_t
does not have the expected alignment on some platforms:
NetBSD 8.0/x86, AIX 7.2 with xlc in 64-bit mode.
wchar_t
.
NULL
macro that cannot be used in arbitrary
expressions:
NetBSD 5.0
NULL
macro whose value does not have the size
of a pointer:
AIX 7.2 with xlc in 64-bit mode.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
offsetof
macro that cannot be used in
arbitrary expressions:
Solaris 11.4
This problem can be worked around by parenthesizing the
offsetof
expression in the unlikely case you use it with
sizeof
or ‘[]’.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdint.h.html
Gnulib module: stdint
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
SIG_ATOMIC_MIN
and SIG_ATOMIC_MAX
are incorrect
on some platforms:
FreeBSD 6.2/ia64, FreeBSD 13.0/arm64.
WINT_MAX
is incorrect on some platforms:
mingw.
INT8_MAX
, UINT8_MAX
etc. are not usable in
preprocessor expressions on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.23.
INTPTR_MAX
and UINTPTR_MAX
, although correctly
defined in <stdint.h>
, are replaced by empty values when
<limits.h>
or <inttypes.h>
gets included later on some platforms:
Solaris 9 with GCC 4.5 or newer.
WCHAR_MIN
and WCHAR_MAX
are not defined in
<stdint.h>
(only in <wchar.h>
) on some platforms:
Dragonfly.
__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
to make visible the definitions of
constant macros such as INTMAX_C
, and one must define
__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
to make visible the definitions of limit
macros such as INTMAX_MAX
.
SIZE_MAX
has the wrong type,
albeit with the correct value:
32-bit glibc 2.24 (on s390 architecture), Mac OS X 10.7.
INTMAX_WIDTH
are not defined on some platforms:
glibc 2.24, NetBSD 9.0, many others.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
{uint,int}_fast{8,16,32,64}_t
may not correspond to the fastest
types available on the system.
Other <stdint.h>
substitutes may define these types differently,
so public header files should avoid these types.
long int
.
For example, as of 2007, Sun C mishandles #if LLONG_MIN < 0
on
a platform with 32-bit long int
and 64-bit long long int
.
Some older preprocessors mishandle constants ending in LL
.
To work around these problems, compute the value of expressions like
LONG_MAX < LLONG_MAX
at configure
-time rather than at
#if
-time.
The stdint
module uses #include_next
. If you wish to install
the generated stdint.h file under another name, typically in order to
be able to use some of the types defined by stdint.h in your public
header file, you could use the following Makefile.am-snippet:
BUILT_SOURCES += idn-int.h DISTCLEANFILES += idn-int.h nodist_include_HEADERS += idn-int.h idn-int.h: if test -n "$(STDINT_H)"; then \ sed -e s/include_next/include/ gl/stdint.h > idn-int.h; \ else \ echo '#include <stdint.h>' > idn-int.h; \ fi
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdio.h.html
Gnulib module: stdio
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is missing on some platforms:
glibc 2.8, eglibc 2.11.2 and others.
ssize_t
is missing on some platforms:
glibc 2.8, Mac OS X 10.5, Solaris 10, MSVC 14, and others.
va_list
is missing on some platforms:
glibc 2.8, OpenBSD 4.0, Solaris 11.4, and others.
NULL
macro that cannot be used in arbitrary
expressions:
NetBSD 5.0
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stdlib.h.html
Gnulib module: stdlib, system-posix
Portability problems fixed by the Gnulib module stdlib
:
EXIT_SUCCESS
and EXIT_FAILURE
are not defined on
some platforms.
NULL
macro that cannot be used in arbitrary
expressions:
NetBSD 5.0
Portability problems fixed by the Gnulib module system-posix
:
WIFSIGNALED
, WIFEXITED
, WIFSTOPPED
,
WTERMSIG
, WEXITSTATUS
, WNOHANG
, WUNTRACED
,
WSTOPSIG
are not defined in this header file (only in
<sys/wait.h>
) on some platforms:
MirBSD 10.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
WEXITSTATUS
require an lvalue
argument on some platforms.
macOS 11.1.
POSIX specification:
Not in POSIX yet, but we expect it will be.
ISO C11 (latest free draft
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1570.pdf)
sections 7.23.
Gnulib module: stdnoreturn
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<stdlib.h>
and
<process.h>
, on some platforms:
MSVC/clang.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<stdnoreturn.h>
should be #included before ‘_Noreturn’ is used.
_Noreturn
is a reserved word;
it might be a macro.
lint
is defined, standard headers define
_Noreturn
(and therefore noreturn
) to be a macro that
expands to the empty token sequence on some platforms:
Cygwin 2.5.1, FreeBSD 10.3.
noreturn
expands to the empty token
sequence, to avoid problems with standard headers that use noreturn
in combination with __attribute__
or __declspec
. Although
the resulting code operates correctly, the compiler is not informed whether
noreturn
functions do not return, so it may generate incorrect
warnings at compile-time, or code that is slightly less optimized. This
problem does not occur with _Noreturn
.
-Werror=old-style-declaration
requires _Noreturn
or noreturn
before the returned type
in a declaration, and therefore rejects valid but unusually-worded
declarations such as void _Noreturn foo (void);
.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/string.h.html
Gnulib module: string
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
NULL
macro that cannot be used in arbitrary
expressions:
NetBSD 5.0
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/strings.h.html
Gnulib module: strings
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/stropts.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_ipc.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_mman.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_msg.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_resource.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_resource
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
RUSAGE_SELF
and
RUSAGE_CHILDREN
constants:
OpenVMS.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
RLIM_SAVED_CUR
or RLIM_SAVED_MAX
.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_select.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_select
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/types.h>
to be included first.
<string.h>
before FD_ZERO
can be used—on some platforms:
AIX 7.1, Solaris 11.4.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_sem.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_shm.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_socket.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_socket
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/types.h>
to be included first.
socklen_t
on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5.
struct iovec
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.4.
SHUT_RD
, SHUT_WR
,
SHUT_RDWR
macros on some platforms, despite having the shutdown
functions:
emx+gcc.
struct sockaddr_storage
type does not have a member ss_family
on some platforms:
AIX 7.1.
CMSG_SPACE
and CMSG_LEN
macros are not provided on some
platforms:
OpenVMS.
SO_REUSEPORT
macro on some
platforms:
Minix 3.1.8, Solaris 10, Cygwin, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
msg_control
and
msg_controllen
members of struct msghdr
on some
platforms. This can be detected by the absence of the
CMSG_FIRSTHDR
macro:
gnulib replacement header, old BSD
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_stat.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_stat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module sys_stat
:
mode_t
is not defined on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
S_IFMT
or S_IFIFO
, are missing on some
platforms.
S_ISBLK
, S_ISCHR
, S_ISDIR
, S_ISFIFO
,
S_ISLNK
, S_ISREG
, S_ISSOCK
are broken on some platforms.
S_ISDOOR
, that are not defined
on other platforms.
lstat
and mkdir
are not declared on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
UTIME_NOW
and UTIME_OMIT
are missing on some
platforms.
struct stat
does not include st_atim
,
st_mtim
, or st_ctim
members. Use the gnulib module
‘stat-time’ for accessors to portably get at subsecond resolution.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module sys_stat
, together with module windows-stat-inodes
:
st_ino
is always 0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
time_t
components of struct stat
.
S_IFBLK
is missing on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
st_ino
is an array of three ino_t
values,
not a single value.
st_ino
and use the Gnulib same-inode
module to
compare nonzero values. For example, SAME_INODE (a, b)
is true if the struct stat
values a
and
b
are known to represent the same file, (a.st_ino &&
!SAME_INODE (a, b))
is true if they are known to represent different
files, and !a.st_ino
is true if it is not known whether they
represent different files.
st_dev
and st_ino
values, even when st_ino
is nonzero:
st_dev
exceeds 255, or if a local
st_ino
exceeds 16777215.
One partial workaround is to compare other file metadata such as
st_mode
and st_mtime
to detect this bug, but this
approach does not work on files whose metadata are being changed by
other programs.
st_size
contains bogus information for
symlinks; use the Gnulib module areadlink-with-size
for a
better way to get symlink contents.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_statvfs.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_time.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_time
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
tv_sec
type that is
narrower than time_t
on some native Windows platforms:
mingw64 in 64-bit mode,
mingw64 in 32-bit mode when __MINGW_USE_VC2005_COMPAT
is defined,
MSVC 14 in 64-bit mode,
MSVC 14 in 32-bit mode when _USE_32BIT_TIME_T
is not defined.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tv_sec
type that is
wider than time_t
:
OpenBSD 5.1 in 64-bit mode.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/sys/timeb.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_times.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_times
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_types.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_types
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
pid_t
is not defined on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
size_t
is not defined in this file on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
ssize_t
is not defined on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
mode_t
is not defined on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
major
, minor
, and
makedev
through this header; however, when
sys/sysmacros.h exists, that file should also be included to
avoid deprecation warnings from the versions in this header:
glibc 2.25.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
blksize_t
and suseconds_t
are signed integer types that are wider than long
:
glibc x32
This module, together with the module largefile
, also defines the type
off_t
to a 64-bit integer type on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_uio.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_uio
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/types.h>
to be
included first) on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.4.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_un.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_utsname.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_utsname
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/sys_wait.h.html
Gnulib module: sys_wait
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
WEXITSTATUS
require an lvalue
argument on some platforms.
macOS 11.1.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/syslog.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/tar.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/termios.h.html
Gnulib module: termios
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
pid_t
on all platforms:
glibc on some architectures, FreeBSD 6.4, OpenBSD 4.9, Cygwin 1.7.11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
struct termios
, cc_t
, speed_t
, tcflag_t
are not defined on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/tgmath.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the multithreading facility of ISO C11.
Gnulib module: threads-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_start_t
incorrectly on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
TSS_DTOR_ITERATIONS
on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thread_local
macro on some platforms:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/time.h.html
Gnulib module: time
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
time_t
defaults to 32-bit but can be
changed to 64-bit, functions like stat
can fail with
errno == EOVERFLOW
when a 32-bit timestamp is out of range,
such as with a file timestamp in the far future or past:
glibc 2.34.
TIME_UTC
is not defined on many platforms:
glibc 2.15, macOS 10.13, FreeBSD 11.0, NetBSD 7.1, OpenBSD 6.0, Minix 3.1.8, AIX 7.1, HP-UX 11.31, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.3, Cygwin 2.9, mingw, MSVC 14, Android 9.0.
NULL
macro that cannot be used in arbitrary
expressions:
NetBSD 5.0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
time_t
is always 32-bit, functions like
stat
can fail with errno == EOVERFLOW
when a timestamp
is out of range, such as with a file timestamp in the far future or
past; on other such platforms,
the functions silently return the low-order 32 bits of the correct
timestamp. These platforms will be obsolete when 32-bit time_t
rolls around, which will occur in 2038 for the typical case when
time_t
is signed.
tv_nsec
member of struct timespec
is not of type long
, but is of type long long
instead:
glibc x32
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/trace.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the types char16_t
, char32_t
and declares the
functions mbrtoc16
, c16rtomb
, mbrtoc32
,
c32rtomb
.
Gnulib module: uchar
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/basedefs/ucontext.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/ulimit.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/unistd.h.html
Gnulib module: unistd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_exit
function is not declared in this file on some platforms:
mingw.
NULL
macro that cannot be used in arbitrary
expressions:
NetBSD 5.0
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/utime.h.html
Gnulib module: utime-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/utmpx.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/wchar.h.html
Gnulib module: wchar
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
wint_t
is incorrect on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
NULL
macro that cannot be used in arbitrary
expressions:
NetBSD 5.0
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/wctype.h.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
wint_t
is incorrect on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
isw*
are missing on some platforms:
FreeBSD 4.11.
iswblank
is declared but not defined on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5.30.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/wordexp.h.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
This chapter describes which functions and function-like macros specified by ISO C (including ISO TS 18661-1) or POSIX are substituted by Gnulib, which portability pitfalls are fixed by Gnulib, and which (known) portability problems are not worked around by Gnulib.
The notation “Gnulib module: —” means that Gnulib does not provide a
module providing a substitute for the function. When the list
“Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib” is empty, such a module is
not needed: No portability problems are known. Otherwise, it indicates
that such a module would be useful but is not available: No one so far
found this function important enough to contribute a substitute for it.
If you need this particular function, you may write to
<bug-gnulib at gnu dot org>
.
FD_CLR
FD_ISSET
FD_SET
FD_ZERO
_Exit
_exit
_longjmp
_setjmp
_tolower
_toupper
a64l
abort
abs
accept
access
acos
acosf
acosh
acoshf
acoshl
acosl
aio_cancel
aio_error
aio_fsync
aio_read
aio_return
aio_suspend
aio_write
alarm
aligned_alloc
alphasort
asctime
asctime_r
asin
asinf
asinh
asinhf
asinhl
asinl
assert
atan
atan2
atan2f
atan2l
atanf
atanh
atanhf
atanhl
atanl
atexit
atof
atoi
atol
atoll
basename
bind
bsearch
btowc
c16rtomb
c32rtomb
cabs
cabsf
cabsl
cacos
cacosf
cacosh
cacoshf
cacoshl
cacosl
calloc
call_once
canonicalize
canonicalizef
canonicalizel
carg
cargf
cargl
casin
casinf
casinh
casinhf
casinhl
casinl
catan
catanf
catanh
catanhf
catanhl
catanl
catclose
catgets
catopen
cbrt
cbrtf
cbrtl
ccos
ccosf
ccosh
ccoshf
ccoshl
ccosl
ceil
ceilf
ceill
cexp
cexpf
cexpl
cfgetispeed
cfgetospeed
cfsetispeed
cfsetospeed
chdir
chmod
chown
cimag
cimagf
cimagl
clearerr
clock
clock_getcpuclockid
clock_getres
clock_gettime
clock_nanosleep
clock_settime
clog
clogf
clogl
close
closedir
closelog
cnd_broadcast
cnd_destroy
cnd_init
cnd_signal
cnd_timedwait
cnd_wait
confstr
conj
conjf
conjl
connect
copysign
copysignf
copysignl
cos
cosf
cosh
coshf
coshl
cosl
cpow
cpowf
cpowl
cproj
cprojf
cprojl
creal
crealf
creall
creat
crypt
csin
csinf
csinh
csinhf
csinhl
csinl
csqrt
csqrtf
csqrtl
ctan
ctanf
ctanh
ctanhf
ctanhl
ctanl
ctermid
ctime
ctime_r
daddl
daylight
dbm_clearerr
dbm_close
dbm_delete
dbm_error
dbm_fetch
dbm_firstkey
dbm_nextkey
dbm_open
dbm_store
ddivl
difftime
dirfd
dirname
div
dlclose
dlerror
dlopen
dlsym
dmull
dprintf
drand48
dsubl
dup
dup2
duplocale
encrypt
endgrent
endhostent
endnetent
endprotoent
endpwent
endservent
endutxent
environ
erand48
erf
erfc
erfcf
erfcl
erff
erfl
errno
execl
execle
execlp
execv
execve
execvp
exit
exp
exp2
exp2f
exp2l
expf
expl
expm1
expm1f
expm1l
fabs
fabsf
fabsl
faccessat
fadd
faddl
fattach
fchdir
fchmod
fchmodat
fchown
fchownat
fclose
fcntl
fdatasync
fdetach
fdim
fdimf
fdiml
fdiv
fdivl
fdopen
fdopendir
feclearexcept
fegetenv
fegetexceptflag
fegetmode
fegetround
feholdexcept
feof
feraiseexcept
ferror
fesetenv
fesetexcept
fesetexceptflag
fesetmode
fesetround
fetestexcept
fetestexceptflag
feupdateenv
fexecve
fflush
ffs
fgetc
fgetpos
fgets
fgetwc
fgetws
fileno
flockfile
floor
floorf
floorl
fma
fmaf
fmal
fmax
fmaxf
fmaxl
fmaxmag
fmaxmagf
fmaxmagl
fmemopen
fmin
fminf
fminl
fminmag
fminmagf
fminmagl
fmod
fmodf
fmodl
fmtmsg
fmul
fmull
fnmatch
fopen
fork
fpathconf
fpclassify
fprintf
fputc
fputs
fputwc
fputws
fread
free
freeaddrinfo
freelocale
freopen
frexp
frexpf
frexpl
fromfp
fromfpf
fromfpl
fromfpx
fromfpxf
fromfpxl
fscanf
fseek
fseeko
fsetpos
fstat
fstatat
fstatvfs
fsub
fsubl
fsync
ftell
ftello
ftok
ftruncate
ftrylockfile
ftw
funlockfile
futimens
fwide
fwprintf
fwrite
fwscanf
gai_strerror
getaddrinfo
getc
getc_unlocked
getchar
getchar_unlocked
getcwd
getdate
getdate_err
getdelim
getegid
getenv
geteuid
getgid
getgrent
getgrgid
getgrgid_r
getgrnam
getgrnam_r
getgroups
gethostent
gethostid
gethostname
getitimer
getline
getlogin
getlogin_r
getmsg
getnameinfo
getnetbyaddr
getnetbyname
getnetent
getopt
getpayload
getpayloadf
getpayloadl
getpeername
getpgid
getpgrp
getpid
getpmsg
getppid
getpriority
getprotobyname
getprotobynumber
getprotoent
getpwent
getpwnam
getpwnam_r
getpwuid
getpwuid_r
getrlimit
getrusage
gets
getservbyname
getservbyport
getservent
getsid
getsockname
getsockopt
getsubopt
gettimeofday
getuid
getutxent
getutxid
getutxline
getwc
getwchar
glob
globfree
gmtime
gmtime_r
grantpt
hcreate
hdestroy
hsearch
htonl
htons
hypot
hypotf
hypotl
iconv
iconv_close
iconv_open
if_freenameindex
if_indextoname
if_nameindex
if_nametoindex
ilogb
ilogbf
ilogbl
imaxabs
imaxdiv
inet_addr
inet_ntoa
inet_ntop
inet_pton
initstate
insque
ioctl
isalnum
isalnum_l
isalpha
isalpha_l
isascii
isastream
isatty
isblank
isblank_l
iscntrl
iscntrl_l
isdigit
isdigit_l
isfinite
isgraph
isgraph_l
isgreater
isgreaterequal
isinf
isless
islessequal
islessgreater
islower
islower_l
isnan
isnormal
isprint
isprint_l
ispunct
ispunct_l
isspace
isspace_l
isunordered
isupper
isupper_l
iswalnum
iswalnum_l
iswalpha
iswalpha_l
iswblank
iswblank_l
iswcntrl
iswcntrl_l
iswctype
iswctype_l
iswdigit
iswdigit_l
iswgraph
iswgraph_l
iswlower
iswlower_l
iswprint
iswprint_l
iswpunct
iswpunct_l
iswspace
iswspace_l
iswupper
iswupper_l
iswxdigit
iswxdigit_l
isxdigit
isxdigit_l
j0
j1
jn
jrand48
kill
killpg
l64a
labs
lchown
lcong48
ldexp
ldexpf
ldexpl
ldiv
lfind
lgamma
lgammaf
lgammal
link
linkat
lio_listio
listen
llabs
lldiv
llogb
llogbf
llogbl
llrint
llrintf
llrintl
llround
llroundf
llroundl
localeconv
localtime
localtime_r
lockf
log
log10
log10f
log10l
log1p
log1pf
log1pl
log2
log2f
log2l
logb
logbf
logbl
logf
logl
longjmp
lrand48
lrint
lrintf
lrintl
lround
lroundf
lroundl
lsearch
lseek
lstat
malloc
mblen
mbrlen
mbrtoc16
mbrtoc32
mbrtowc
mbsinit
mbsnrtowcs
mbsrtowcs
mbstowcs
mbtowc
memccpy
memchr
memcmp
memcpy
memmove
memset
mkdir
mkdirat
mkdtemp
mkfifo
mkfifoat
mknod
mknodat
mkstemp
mktime
mlock
mlockall
mmap
modf
modff
modfl
mprotect
mq_close
mq_getattr
mq_notify
mq_open
mq_receive
mq_send
mq_setattr
mq_timedreceive
mq_timedsend
mq_unlink
mrand48
msgctl
msgget
msgrcv
msgsnd
msync
mtx_destroy
mtx_init
mtx_lock
mtx_timedlock
mtx_trylock
mtx_unlock
munlock
munlockall
munmap
nan
nanf
nanl
nanosleep
nearbyint
nearbyintf
nearbyintl
newlocale
nextafter
nextafterf
nextafterl
nextdown
nextdownf
nextdownl
nexttoward
nexttowardf
nexttowardl
nextup
nextupf
nextupl
nftw
nice
nl_langinfo
nl_langinfo_l
nrand48
ntohl
ntohs
open
openat
opendir
openlog
open_memstream
open_wmemstream
optarg
opterr
optind
optopt
pathconf
pause
pclose
perror
pipe
poll
popen
posix_fadvise
posix_fallocate
posix_madvise
posix_mem_offset
posix_memalign
posix_openpt
posix_spawn
posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose
posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2
posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen
posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy
posix_spawn_file_actions_init
posix_spawnattr_destroy
posix_spawnattr_getflags
posix_spawnattr_getpgroup
posix_spawnattr_getschedparam
posix_spawnattr_getschedpolicy
posix_spawnattr_getsigdefault
posix_spawnattr_getsigmask
posix_spawnattr_init
posix_spawnattr_setflags
posix_spawnattr_setpgroup
posix_spawnattr_setschedparam
posix_spawnattr_setschedpolicy
posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault
posix_spawnattr_setsigmask
posix_spawnp
posix_trace_attr_destroy
posix_trace_attr_getclockres
posix_trace_attr_getcreatetime
posix_trace_attr_getgenversion
posix_trace_attr_getinherited
posix_trace_attr_getlogfullpolicy
posix_trace_attr_getlogsize
posix_trace_attr_getmaxdatasize
posix_trace_attr_getmaxsystemeventsize
posix_trace_attr_getmaxusereventsize
posix_trace_attr_getname
posix_trace_attr_getstreamfullpolicy
posix_trace_attr_getstreamsize
posix_trace_attr_init
posix_trace_attr_setinherited
posix_trace_attr_setlogfullpolicy
posix_trace_attr_setlogsize
posix_trace_attr_setmaxdatasize
posix_trace_attr_setname
posix_trace_attr_setstreamfullpolicy
posix_trace_attr_setstreamsize
posix_trace_clear
posix_trace_close
posix_trace_create
posix_trace_create_withlog
posix_trace_event
posix_trace_eventid_equal
posix_trace_eventid_get_name
posix_trace_eventid_open
posix_trace_eventset_add
posix_trace_eventset_del
posix_trace_eventset_empty
posix_trace_eventset_fill
posix_trace_eventset_ismember
posix_trace_eventtypelist_getnext_id
posix_trace_eventtypelist_rewind
posix_trace_flush
posix_trace_get_attr
posix_trace_get_filter
posix_trace_get_status
posix_trace_getnext_event
posix_trace_open
posix_trace_rewind
posix_trace_set_filter
posix_trace_shutdown
posix_trace_start
posix_trace_stop
posix_trace_timedgetnext_event
posix_trace_trid_eventid_open
posix_trace_trygetnext_event
posix_typed_mem_get_info
posix_typed_mem_open
pow
powf
powl
pread
printf
pselect
psiginfo
psignal
pthread_atfork
pthread_attr_destroy
pthread_attr_getdetachstate
pthread_attr_getguardsize
pthread_attr_getinheritsched
pthread_attr_getschedparam
pthread_attr_getschedpolicy
pthread_attr_getscope
pthread_attr_getstack
pthread_attr_getstacksize
pthread_attr_init
pthread_attr_setdetachstate
pthread_attr_setguardsize
pthread_attr_setinheritsched
pthread_attr_setschedparam
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy
pthread_attr_setscope
pthread_attr_setstack
pthread_attr_setstacksize
pthread_barrier_destroy
pthread_barrier_init
pthread_barrier_wait
pthread_barrierattr_destroy
pthread_barrierattr_getpshared
pthread_barrierattr_init
pthread_barrierattr_setpshared
pthread_cancel
pthread_cleanup_pop
pthread_cleanup_push
pthread_cond_broadcast
pthread_cond_destroy
pthread_cond_init
pthread_cond_signal
pthread_cond_timedwait
pthread_cond_wait
pthread_condattr_destroy
pthread_condattr_getclock
pthread_condattr_getpshared
pthread_condattr_init
pthread_condattr_setclock
pthread_condattr_setpshared
pthread_create
pthread_detach
pthread_equal
pthread_exit
pthread_getconcurrency
pthread_getcpuclockid
pthread_getschedparam
pthread_getspecific
pthread_join
pthread_key_create
pthread_key_delete
pthread_kill
pthread_mutex_consistent
pthread_mutex_destroy
pthread_mutex_getprioceiling
pthread_mutex_init
pthread_mutex_lock
pthread_mutex_setprioceiling
pthread_mutex_timedlock
pthread_mutex_trylock
pthread_mutex_unlock
pthread_mutexattr_destroy
pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling
pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol
pthread_mutexattr_getpshared
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust
pthread_mutexattr_gettype
pthread_mutexattr_init
pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling
pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol
pthread_mutexattr_setpshared
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust
pthread_mutexattr_settype
pthread_once
pthread_rwlock_destroy
pthread_rwlock_init
pthread_rwlock_rdlock
pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock
pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock
pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock
pthread_rwlock_trywrlock
pthread_rwlock_unlock
pthread_rwlock_wrlock
pthread_rwlockattr_destroy
pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared
pthread_rwlockattr_init
pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared
pthread_self
pthread_setcancelstate
pthread_setcanceltype
pthread_setconcurrency
pthread_setschedparam
pthread_setschedprio
pthread_setspecific
pthread_sigmask
pthread_spin_destroy
pthread_spin_init
pthread_spin_lock
pthread_spin_trylock
pthread_spin_unlock
pthread_testcancel
ptsname
putc
putc_unlocked
putchar
putchar_unlocked
putenv
putmsg
putpmsg
puts
pututxline
putwc
putwchar
pwrite
qsort
quick_exit
raise
rand
rand_r
random
read
readdir
readdir_r
readlink
readlinkat
readv
realloc
realpath
recv
recvfrom
recvmsg
regcomp
regerror
regexec
regfree
remainder
remainderf
remainderl
remove
remque
remquo
remquof
remquol
rename
renameat
rewind
rewinddir
rint
rintf
rintl
rmdir
round
roundeven
roundevenf
roundevenl
roundf
roundl
scalbln
scalblnf
scalblnl
scalbn
scalbnf
scalbnl
scandir
scanf
sched_get_priority_max
sched_get_priority_min
sched_getparam
sched_getscheduler
sched_rr_get_interval
sched_setparam
sched_setscheduler
sched_yield
seed48
seekdir
select
sem_close
sem_destroy
sem_getvalue
sem_init
sem_open
sem_post
sem_timedwait
sem_trywait
sem_unlink
sem_wait
semctl
semget
semop
send
sendmsg
sendto
setbuf
setegid
setenv
seteuid
setgid
setgrent
sethostent
setitimer
setjmp
setkey
setlocale
setlogmask
setnetent
setpayload
setpayloadf
setpayloadl
setpayloadsig
setpayloadsigf
setpayloadsigl
setpgid
setpgrp
setpriority
setprotoent
setpwent
setregid
setreuid
setrlimit
setservent
setsid
setsockopt
setstate
setuid
setutxent
setvbuf
shm_open
shm_unlink
shmat
shmctl
shmdt
shmget
shutdown
sigaction
sigaddset
sigaltstack
sigdelset
sigemptyset
sigfillset
sighold
sigignore
siginterrupt
sigismember
siglongjmp
signal
signbit
signgam
sigpause
sigpending
sigprocmask
sigqueue
sigrelse
sigset
sigsetjmp
sigsuspend
sigtimedwait
sigwait
sigwaitinfo
sin
sinf
sinh
sinhf
sinhl
sinl
sleep
snprintf
sockatmark
socket
socketpair
sprintf
sqrt
sqrtf
sqrtl
srand
srand48
srandom
sscanf
stat
statvfs
stderr
stdin
stdout
stpcpy
stpncpy
strcasecmp
strcasecmp_l
strcat
strchr
strcmp
strcoll
strcoll_l
strcpy
strcspn
strdup
strerror
strerror_l
strerror_r
strfmon
strfmon_l
strfromd
strfromf
strfroml
strftime
strftime_l
strlen
strncasecmp
strncasecmp_l
strncat
strncmp
strncpy
strndup
strnlen
strpbrk
strptime
strrchr
strsignal
strspn
strstr
strtod
strtof
strtoimax
strtok
strtok_r
strtol
strtold
strtoll
strtoul
strtoull
strtoumax
strxfrm
strxfrm_l
swab
swprintf
swscanf
symlink
symlinkat
sync
sysconf
syslog
system
tan
tanf
tanh
tanhf
tanhl
tanl
tcdrain
tcflow
tcflush
tcgetattr
tcgetpgrp
tcgetsid
tcsendbreak
tcsetattr
tcsetpgrp
tdelete
telldir
tempnam
tfind
tgamma
tgammaf
tgammal
thrd_create
thrd_current
thrd_detach
thrd_equal
thrd_exit
thrd_join
thrd_sleep
thrd_yield
time
timer_create
timer_delete
timer_getoverrun
timer_gettime
timer_settime
times
timezone
tmpfile
tmpnam
toascii
tolower
tolower_l
totalorder
totalorderf
totalorderl
totalordermag
totalordermagf
totalordermagl
toupper
toupper_l
towctrans
towctrans_l
towlower
towlower_l
towupper
towupper_l
trunc
truncate
truncf
truncl
tsearch
tss_create
tss_delete
tss_get
tss_set
ttyname
ttyname_r
twalk
tzname
tzset
ufromfp
ufromfpf
ufromfpl
ufromfpx
ufromfpxf
ufromfpxl
ulimit
umask
uname
ungetc
ungetwc
unlink
unlinkat
unlockpt
unsetenv
uselocale
utime
utimensat
utimes
va_arg
va_copy
va_end
va_start
vdprintf
vfprintf
vfscanf
vfwprintf
vfwscanf
vprintf
vscanf
vsnprintf
vsprintf
vsscanf
vswprintf
vswscanf
vwprintf
vwscanf
wait
waitid
waitpid
wcpcpy
wcpncpy
wcrtomb
wcscasecmp
wcscasecmp_l
wcscat
wcschr
wcscmp
wcscoll
wcscoll_l
wcscpy
wcscspn
wcsdup
wcsftime
wcslen
wcsncasecmp
wcsncasecmp_l
wcsncat
wcsncmp
wcsncpy
wcsnlen
wcsnrtombs
wcspbrk
wcsrchr
wcsrtombs
wcsspn
wcsstr
wcstod
wcstof
wcstoimax
wcstok
wcstol
wcstold
wcstoll
wcstombs
wcstoul
wcstoull
wcstoumax
wcswidth
wcsxfrm
wcsxfrm_l
wctob
wctomb
wctrans
wctrans_l
wctype
wctype_l
wcwidth
wmemchr
wmemcmp
wmemcpy
wmemmove
wmemset
wordexp
wordfree
wprintf
write
writev
wscanf
y0
y1
yn
FD_CLR
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/FD_CLR.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
FD_ISSET
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/FD_ISSET.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
FD_SET
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/FD_SET.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
FD_ZERO
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/FD_ZERO.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
_Exit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/_Exit.html
Gnulib module: _Exit
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
_exit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/_exit.html
Gnulib module: unistd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<stdlib.h>
)
on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
_longjmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/_longjmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: A future revision of POSIX later than the 2008/2009 one may drop the
functions _setjmp
and _longjmp
. Still, in 2008, on all
systems which have _setjmp
, it is the fastest way to save the
registers but not the signal mask (up to 30 times faster than setjmp
on some systems).
_setjmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/_setjmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: A future revision of POSIX later than the 2008/2009 one may drop the
functions _setjmp
and _longjmp
. Still, in 2008, on all
systems which have _setjmp
, it is the fastest way to save the
registers but not the signal mask (up to 30 times faster than setjmp
on some systems).
_tolower
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/_tolower.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
_toupper
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/_toupper.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
a64l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/a64l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
abort
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/abort.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
abs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/abs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
accept
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/accept.html
Gnulib module: accept
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
accept
function cannot be used in calls to read
,
write
, and close
; you have to use recv
, send
,
closesocket
in these cases instead.
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
_HPUX_ALT_XOPEN_SOCKET_API
is not defined, this function behaves incorrectly because it is declared
to take a pointer to a 64-bit wide socklen_t
entity but in fact
considers it as a pointer to a 32-bit wide unsigned int
entity.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
socklen_t
type; in this case this function’s
third argument type is ‘int *’.
access
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/access.html
Gnulib module: access
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
X_OK
mode on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Other problems of this function:
stat
versus lstat
). If you need this option, use
the Gnulib module faccessat
with the AT_EACCESS
flag.
execlp
or execvp
. Nevertheless,
this function may return true for such files.
execlp
and execvp
search for files with the
suffixes .com
, .exe
, .bat
, .cmd
, when the
file with the given file name does not exist. Whereas cmd.exe
searches according to the PATHEXT
environment variable. This
function does not perform any search; it merely looks at the file with
the given file name.
acos
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/acos.html
Gnulib module: acos
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
acosf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/acosf.html
Gnulib module: acosf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
acosh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/acosh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
acoshf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/acoshf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
acoshl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/acoshl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
acosl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/acosl.html
Gnulib module: acosl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
aio_cancel
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/aio_cancel.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
aio_error
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/aio_error.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
aio_fsync
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/aio_fsync.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
aio_read
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/aio_read.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
aio_return
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/aio_return.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
aio_suspend
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/aio_suspend.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
aio_write
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/aio_write.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
alarm
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/alarm.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<io.h>
header on some platforms:
mingw (2012 or newer).
aligned_alloc
Documentation:
man aligned_alloc
Gnulib module: aligned_alloc
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
sizeof (void *)
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, AIX 7.2.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The Gnulib module aligned-malloc
provides functions for
allocating and freeing blocks of suitably aligned memory.
The Gnulib module pagealign_alloc
provides a similar API for
allocating and freeing blocks of memory aligned on a system page boundary.
alphasort
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/alphasort.html
Gnulib module: alphasort
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
const void *
on some platforms:
glibc 2.3.6, macOS 10.7, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 7.1, OpenBSD 6.7.
void *
on some platforms:
AIX 5.1.
asctime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/asctime.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
asctime_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/asctime_r.html
Gnulib module: extensions
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
asin
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/asin.html
Gnulib module: asin
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
asinf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/asinf.html
Gnulib module: asinf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
asinh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/asinh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
asinhf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/asinhf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
asinhl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/asinhl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
asinl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/asinl.html
Gnulib module: asinl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
assert
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/assert.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Extension: Gnulib offers a module ‘assert’ that allows the installer to disable assertions through a ‘configure’ option: ‘--disable-assert’.
atan
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atan.html
Gnulib module: atan
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atan2
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atan2.html
Gnulib module: atan2
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atan2f
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atan2f.html
Gnulib module: atan2f
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atan2l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atan2l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atanf.html
Gnulib module: atanf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atanh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atanh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atanhf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atanhf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atanhl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atanhl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atanl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atanl.html
Gnulib module: atanl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atexit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atexit.html
Gnulib module: atexit
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atof
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atof.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atoi
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atoi.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atol
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atol.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
atoll
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/atoll.html
Gnulib module: atoll
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
basename
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/basename.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-basename-3.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
basename
: the POSIX
version and the GNU version.
basename
assumes file names in POSIX syntax; it does not work with file
names in Windows syntax.
The Gnulib module basename-lgpl
provides similar API, with a function
last_component
, that also works with Windows file names.
bind
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/bind.html
Gnulib module: bind
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
bsearch
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/bsearch.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
btowc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/btowc.html
Gnulib module: btowc
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function btoc32
, provided by Gnulib module
btoc32
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not have
this limitation.
mbrtowc
and can return WEOF
:
glibc 2.23, MirOS BSD #10.
c16rtomb
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
c32rtomb
Gnulib module: c32rtomb
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cabs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cabs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cabsf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cabsf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cabsl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cabsl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cacos
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cacos.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cacosf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cacosf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cacosh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cacosh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cacoshf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cacoshf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cacoshl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cacoshl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cacosl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cacosl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
calloc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/calloc.html
Gnulib module: calloc-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to ENOMEM
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
calloc (n, s)
can succeed even if
multiplying n
by s
would exceed PTRDIFF_MAX
or
SIZE_MAX
. Although failing to check for exceeding
PTRDIFF_MAX
is arguably allowed by POSIX it can lead to
undefined behavior later, so calloc-posix
does not allow
going over the limit.
Extension: Gnulib provides a module ‘calloc-gnu’ that substitutes a
calloc
implementation that behaves more like the glibc implementation.
It fixes this portability problem:
calloc (0, s)
and calloc (n, 0)
return NULL
on success
on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
call_once
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Call-Once.html.
Gnulib module: mtx
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
canonicalize
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
canonicalizef
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
canonicalizel
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
carg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/carg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cargf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cargf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cargl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cargl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
casin
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/casin.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
casinf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/casinf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
casinh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/casinh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
casinhf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/casinhf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
casinhl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/casinhl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
casinl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/casinl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catan
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catan.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catanh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catanh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catanhf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catanhf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catanhl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catanhl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catanl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catanl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catclose
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catclose.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catgets
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catgets.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
catopen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/catopen.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cbrt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cbrt.html
Gnulib module: cbrt
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cbrtf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cbrtf.html
Gnulib module: cbrtf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cbrtl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cbrtl.html
Gnulib module: cbrtl or cbrtl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module cbrtl
or cbrtl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module cbrtl-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ccos
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ccos.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ccosf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ccosf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ccosh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ccosh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ccoshf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ccoshf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ccoshl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ccoshl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ccosl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ccosl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ceil
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ceil.html
Gnulib module: ceil or ceil-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module ceil
or ceil-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module ceil-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ceilf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ceilf.html
Gnulib module: ceilf or ceilf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module ceilf
or ceilf-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module ceilf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ceill
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ceill.html
Gnulib module: ceill or ceill-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module ceill
or ceill-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module ceill-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cexp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cexp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cexpf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cexpf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cexpl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cexpl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cfgetispeed
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cfgetispeed.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cfgetospeed
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cfgetospeed.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cfsetispeed
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cfsetispeed.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cfsetospeed
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cfsetospeed.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
chdir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/chdir.html
Gnulib module: chdir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<io.h>
or
<direct.h>
) on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
chmod
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/chmod.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
chown
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/chown.html
Gnulib module: chown
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
chown("link-to-file/",uid,gid)
:
FreeBSD 7.2, AIX 7.1, Solaris 9.
lchown
.
ENOSYS
:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cimag
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cimag.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cimagf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cimagf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cimagl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cimagl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clearerr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clearerr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clock.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clock_getcpuclockid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clock_getcpuclockid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clock_getres
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clock_getres.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clock_gettime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clock_gettime.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gettime
is a partial substitute; it
implements the CLOCK_REALTIME
functionality of clock_gettime
.
clock_nanosleep
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clock_nanosleep.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clock_settime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clock_settime.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clog
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clog.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clogf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clogf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clogl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/clogl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
close
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/close.html
Gnulib module: close
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<io.h>
)
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
socket
and accept
do not return file descriptors that can be closed by close
.
Instead, closesocket
must be used.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
closedir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/closedir.html
Gnulib module: closedir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
closelog
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/closelog.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cnd_broadcast
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Condition-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: cnd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cnd_destroy
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Condition-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: cnd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cnd_init
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Condition-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: cnd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cnd_signal
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Condition-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: cnd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cnd_timedwait
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Condition-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: cnd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cnd_wait
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Condition-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: cnd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
confstr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/confstr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
conj
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/conj.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
conjf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/conjf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
conjl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/conjl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
connect
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/connect.html
Gnulib module: connect
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
copysign
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/copysign.html
Gnulib module: copysign
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
copysignf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/copysignf.html
Gnulib module: copysignf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
copysignl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/copysignl.html
Gnulib module: copysignl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cos
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cos.html
Gnulib module: cos
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cosf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cosf.html
Gnulib module: cosf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cosh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cosh.html
Gnulib module: cosh
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
coshf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/coshf.html
Gnulib module: coshf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
coshl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/coshl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cosl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cosl.html
Gnulib module: cosl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cpow
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cpow.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cpowf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cpowf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cpowl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cpowl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cproj
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cproj.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cprojf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cprojf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cprojl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/cprojl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
creal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/creal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
crealf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/crealf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
creall
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/creall.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
creat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/creat.html
Gnulib module: creat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, creat
may not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
O_TEXT
mode. If you
need a file handle in O_BINARY
mode, you need to use the function
open
instead.
crypt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/crypt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<unistd.h>
(without -D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc (at least 2.11–2.13).
csin
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csin.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
csinf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csinf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
csinh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csinh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
csinhf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csinhf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
csinhl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csinhl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
csinl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csinl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
csqrt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csqrt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
csqrtf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csqrtf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
csqrtl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/csqrtl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctan
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctan.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctanh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctanh.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctanhf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctanhf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctanhl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctanhl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctanl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctanl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctermid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctermid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctime.html
Gnulib module: ctime
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
has been set by Cygwin.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctime
function need not be reentrant, and consequently is
not required to be thread safe. Implementations of ctime
typically write the timestamp into static buffer. If two threads
call ctime
at roughly the same time, you might end up with the
wrong date in one of the threads, or some undefined string. There is
a re-entrant interface ctime_r
.
tzset
.
A more flexible function is strftime
. However, note that it is
locale dependent.
ctime_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ctime_r.html
Gnulib module: extensions
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ctime_r
takes a pre-allocated buffer and length of the buffer,
and returns NULL
on errors.
The input buffer should be at least 26 bytes in size. The output
string is locale-independent. However, years can have more than 4
digits if time_t
is sufficiently wide, so the length of the
required output buffer is not easy to determine. Increasing the
buffer size when ctime_r
returns NULL
is not necessarily
sufficient. The NULL
return value could mean some other error
condition, which will not go away by increasing the buffer size.
A more flexible function is strftime
. However, note that it is
locale dependent.
daddl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
daylight
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/daylight.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tzset
.
A more portable way of getting the UTC offset is to use
strftime
with the %z
format. See strftime
.
dbm_clearerr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_clearerr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dbm_close
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_close.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dbm_delete
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_delete.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dbm_error
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_error.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dbm_fetch
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_fetch.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dbm_firstkey
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_firstkey.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dbm_nextkey
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_nextkey.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dbm_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_open.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dbm_store
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dbm_store.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ddivl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
difftime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/difftime.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dirfd
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dirfd.html
Gnulib module: dirfd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
With the dirfd
module, this functions always sets errno
when it
fails. (POSIX does not require that dirfd
sets errno
when it
fails.)
dirname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dirname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dirname
assumes file names in POSIX syntax; it does not work with file
names in Windows syntax.
The Gnulib module dirname
provides similar API, with functions
dir_name
and mdir_name
, that also works with Windows
file names.
div
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/div.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dlclose
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dlclose.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dlerror
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dlerror.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dlopen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dlopen.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dlopen-1.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dlsym
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dlsym.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dlsym-1.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dmull
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dprintf.html
Gnulib module: dprintf or dprintf-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module dprintf
or dprintf-posix
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module dprintf-posix
:
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
Solaris 11.4.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Solaris 11.4.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
drand48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/drand48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dsubl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dup
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dup.html
Gnulib module: dup
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<io.h>
)
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dup2
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dup2.html
Gnulib module: dup2
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<io.h>
)
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
EINVAL
when duplicating an fd to itself:
Android.
FD_CLOEXEC
flag when duplicating an fd
to itself on some platforms:
Haiku.
dup2 (1, 1)
on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.5.x.
-EBADF
instead of -1
on some platforms:
Linux releases between July 2008 and May 2009 (versions 2.6.27 to 2.6.29).
EMFILE
instead of EBADF
for
large targets, which interferes with using
dup2(fd,fd)==fd)
as the minimal EBADF
filter:
AIX 7.1, FreeBSD 6.1, Cygwin 1.5.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
duplocale
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/duplocale.html
Gnulib module: duplocale
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE
is not supported on some platforms:
glibc 2.11, AIX 7.1.
LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE
, this function returns a wrong result
on some platforms:
NetBSD 7.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
locale_t
type is not defined
on some platforms:
z/OS.
encrypt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/encrypt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<unistd.h>
(without -D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc (at least 2.11–2.13).
endgrent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/endgrent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
endhostent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/endhostent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
endnetent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/endnetent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
endprotoent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/endprotoent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
endpwent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/endpwent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
endservent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/endservent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
endutxent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/endutxent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
environ
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/environ.html
Gnulib module: environ
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
extern char **environ;
to get the variable declared. This does not work any more, however, in shared libraries on macOS 11.1. Here is a workaround: Instead, one can use
#include <crt_externs.h> #define environ (*_NSGetEnviron())
This works at all versions of macOS.
-Wl,--disable-auto-import
is in use.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
environ
to clear all variables is not
portable; better is to assign environ
to one-element array
containing a NULL pointer. That said, an empty environment is not
portable either, as some systems may require particular environment
variables (such as PATH
) to be present in order to operate
consistently.
erand48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/erand48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
erf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/erf.html
Gnulib module: erf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
erfc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/erfc.html
Gnulib module: erfc
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
erfcf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/erfcf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
erfcl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/erfcl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
erff
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/erff.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
erfl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/erfl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/errno.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
; their error code is
available through WSAGetLastError()
instead.
execl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/execl.html
Gnulib module: execl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
intptr_t
, not int
.
Note: The Gnulib replacement for this function is not async-safe, that is, it must not be invoked from a signal handler.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
execle
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/execle.html
Gnulib module: execle
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
intptr_t
, not int
.
Note: The Gnulib replacement for this function is not async-safe, that is, it must not be invoked from a signal handler.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
execlp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/execlp.html
Gnulib module: execlp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
intptr_t
, not int
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
execv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/execv.html
Gnulib module: execv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
intptr_t
, not int
.
Note: The Gnulib replacement for this function is not async-safe, that is, it must not be invoked from a signal handler.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
execve
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/execve.html
Gnulib module: execve
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
intptr_t
, not int
.
Note: The Gnulib replacement for this function is not async-safe, that is, it must not be invoked from a signal handler.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
execvp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/execvp.html
Gnulib module: execvp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
intptr_t
, not int
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
exit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/exit.html
Gnulib module: stdlib
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
EXIT_SUCCESS
and EXIT_FAILURE
,
see stdlib.h.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
exp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/exp.html
Gnulib module: exp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
exp2
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/exp2.html
Gnulib module: exp2
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
exp2f
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/exp2f.html
Gnulib module: exp2f
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
exp2l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/exp2l.html
Gnulib module: exp2l or exp2l-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module exp2l
or exp2l-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module exp2l-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
expf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/expf.html
Gnulib module: expf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
expl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/expl.html
Gnulib module: expl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
expm1
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/expm1.html
Gnulib module: expm1 or expm1-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module expm1
or expm1-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module expm1-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
expm1f
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/expm1f.html
Gnulib module: expm1f or expm1f-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module expm1f
or expm1f-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module expm1f-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
expm1l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/expm1l.html
Gnulib module: expm1l
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fabs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fabs.html
Gnulib module: fabs
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fabsf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fabsf.html
Gnulib module: fabsf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fabsl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fabsl.html
Gnulib module: fabsl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
faccessat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/faccessat.html
Gnulib module: faccessat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
faccessat (dfd, "file/", amode, flag)
succeeds instead of failing when file is not a directory.
macOS 11.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
flag,
which is supported by GNU faccessat
.
faccessat
can mishandle AT_EACCESS
after a process starts as root and then becomes non-root:
GNU/Linux with glibc 2.32.
Other problems of this function:
fadd
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
faddl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fattach
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fattach.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fchdir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchdir.html
Gnulib module: fchdir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fchmod
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchmod.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fchmodat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchmodat.html
Gnulib module: fchmodat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
flag,
this function fails with errno
set to ENOTSUP
,
even when the file is not a symbolic link:
GNU/Linux with glibc 2.31, Cygwin 2.9.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
flag is specified,
this function can fail with errno
set to EMFILE
or ENFILE
,
and it fails with errno
set to EOPNOTSUPP
if the
/proc file system is not mounted:
GNU/Linux with glibc 2.33.
fchown
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchown.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fchownat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchownat.html
Gnulib module: fchownat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
lchown
is unsupported, or fail altogether if
chown
is unsupported.
<sys/stat.h>
, not in <unistd.h>
,
on some platforms:
Android 4.3.
fchown(dir,"link-to-file/",uid,gid,flag)
:
Solaris 9.
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
:
Linux kernel 2.6.17.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fclose
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fclose.html
Gnulib module: fclose
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
socket
and accept
followed by fdopen
do not return streams that can be closed by
fclose
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
fcntl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fcntl.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fcntl-3.html
Gnulib module: fcntl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
on some
platforms:
glibc with Linux kernels before 2.6.24,
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, OpenBSD 6.7, AIX 7.1, HP-UX 11,
IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11 2010-11, Cygwin 1.7.1.
Note that the gnulib replacement code is functional but not atomic.
F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
action of this function does not set the
FD_CLOEXEC
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 9.0.
F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC
action of this function sets the
FD_CLOEXEC
flag on the wrong file descriptor on some platforms:
Haiku.
F_DUPFD
action of this function does not reject
out-of-range targets properly on some platforms:
AIX 7.1, Cygwin 1.5.x, Haiku.
F_DUPFD
action of this function mistakenly clears
FD_CLOEXEC
on the source descriptor on some platforms:
Haiku.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
F_SETFD
,
F_GETFL
, F_SETFL
, F_GETOWN
, F_SETOWN
,
F_GETLK
, F_SETLK
, and F_SETLKW
on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
F_SETLK
and
F_SETLKW
fail with errno
set to different values on
different systems: EINVAL
on OpenIndiana (as suggested by the
POSIX 1003.1-2017 fcntl
specification), ENOLCK
on
GNU/Linux, and EOPNOTSUPP
on FreeBSD.
fdatasync
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fdatasync.html
Gnulib module: fdatasync
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fdetach
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fdetach.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fdim
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fdim.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fdimf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fdimf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fdiml
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fdiml.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fdiv
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fdivl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fdopen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fdopen.html
Gnulib module: fdopen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fdopendir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fdopendir.html
Gnulib module: fdopendir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feclearexcept
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/feclearexcept.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fegetenv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fegetenv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fegetexceptflag
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fegetexceptflag.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fegetmode
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Control-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fegetround
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fegetround.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feholdexcept
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/feholdexcept.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feof
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/feof.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feraiseexcept
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/feraiseexcept.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ferror
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ferror.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fesetenv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fesetenv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fesetexcept
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Status-bit-operations.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fesetexceptflag
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fesetexceptflag.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fesetmode
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Control-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fesetround
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fesetround.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fetestexcept
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fetestexcept.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fetestexceptflag
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Status-bit-operations.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feupdateenv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/feupdateenv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fexecve
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fexecve.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fflush
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fflush.html
Gnulib module: fflush
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
fflush
followed by fseek
or fseeko
, applied to an input
stream, should have the effect of positioning the underlying file descriptor.
It doesn’t do this on some platforms:
glibc 2.33, FreeBSD 13.0, and others.
fflush
on an input stream changes the position of the stream to the
end of the previous buffer, on some platforms: mingw, MSVC 14.
fflush
on an input stream right after ungetc
does not discard
the ungetc
buffer, on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 6.7, Cygwin 1.5.25-10.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fflush
, ftell
, ftello
, fgetpos
behave incorrectly
on input streams that are opened in O_TEXT
mode and whose contents
contains Unix line terminators (LF), on some platforms: mingw, MSVC 14.
errno
upon failure.
MSVC_INVALID_PARAMETER_HANDLING
is
HAIRY_LIBRARY_HANDLING
or SANE_LIBRARY_HANDLING
,
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
fflush
on an input stream right after ungetc
does not discard
the ungetc
buffer, on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11 2010-11, mingw, MSVC 14.
ffs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ffs.html
Gnulib module: ffs
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgetc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fgetc.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feof
would return nonzero. However, on some systems this
function attempts to read from the underlying file descriptor even if
the stream’s end-of-file indicator is set. These systems include
glibc and default Solaris.
errno
upon failure.
MSVC_INVALID_PARAMETER_HANDLING
is
HAIRY_LIBRARY_HANDLING
or SANE_LIBRARY_HANDLING
,
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
fgetpos
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fgetpos.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fflush
, ftell
, ftello
, fgetpos
behave incorrectly
on input streams that are opened in O_TEXT
mode and whose contents
contains Unix line terminators (LF), on some platforms: mingw, MSVC 14.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
fgets
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fgets.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feof
would return nonzero. However, on some systems this
function attempts to read from the underlying file descriptor even if
the stream’s end-of-file indicator is set. These systems include
glibc and default Solaris.
errno
upon failure.
fgetwc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fgetwc.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
fgetws
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fgetws.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
fileno
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fileno.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
flockfile
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/flockfile.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
floor
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/floor.html
Gnulib module: floor or floor-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module floor
or floor-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module floor-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
floorf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/floorf.html
Gnulib module: floorf or floorf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module floorf
or floorf-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module floorf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
floorl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/floorl.html
Gnulib module: floorl or floorl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fma
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fma.html
Gnulib module: fma
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmaf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmaf.html
Gnulib module: fmaf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmal.html
Gnulib module: fmal
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmax
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmax.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmaxf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmaxf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmaxl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmaxl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmaxmag
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmaxmagf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmaxmagl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmemopen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmemopen.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmin
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmin.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fminf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fminf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fminl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fminl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fminmag
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fminmagf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fminmagl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmod
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmod.html
Gnulib module: fmod or fmod-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module fmod
or fmod-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module fmod-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmodf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmodf.html
Gnulib module: fmodf or fmodf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module fmodf
or fmodf-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module fmodf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmodl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmodl.html
Gnulib module: fmodl or fmodl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module fmodl
or fmodl-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module fmodl-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmtmsg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fmtmsg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmul
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fmull
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fnmatch
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fnmatch.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fnmatch-3.html
Gnulib module: fnmatch or fnmatch-gnu
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fopen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fopen.html
Gnulib module: fopen or fopen-gnu
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module fopen
or fopen-gnu
:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, fopen
may not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module fopen-gnu
:
O_EXCL
), introduced in ISO C11,
on some platforms:
FreeBSD 8.2, NetBSD 6.1, OpenBSD 5.6, Minix 3.2, AIX 6.1, HP-UX 11.31, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.3, Cygwin 1.7.16 (2012), mingw, MSVC 14.
O_CLOEXEC
),
introduced into a future POSIX revision through
https://www.austingroupbugs.net/view.php?id=411, on some platforms:
glibc 2.6, macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 9.0, NetBSD 5.1, OpenBSD 5.6, Minix 3.2, AIX 7.2, HP-UX 11.31, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.3, Cygwin 1.7.16 (2012), mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
'\n'
to CR/LF by default. Use the
"b"
flag if you need reliable binary I/O.
fstat
after open
and
fdopen
, rather than fopen
and fileno
.
fork
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fork.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fork
followed by a call of the exec
family
(execl
, execlp
, execle
, execv
, execvp
,
or execve
) is less efficient than vfork
followed by the same
call. vfork
is a variant of fork
that has been introduced to
optimize the fork
/exec
pattern.
_spawnvp
instead.
fpathconf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fpathconf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fpclassify
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fpclassify.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fprintf.html
Gnulib module: fprintf-posix or stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module fprintf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, MSVC 14.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
or fprintf-posix
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
or fprintf-posix
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
EOF
but
does not set the error flag for ferror
on some platforms:
glibc 2.13, cygwin 1.7.9.
fputc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fputc.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
MSVC_INVALID_PARAMETER_HANDLING
is
HAIRY_LIBRARY_HANDLING
or SANE_LIBRARY_HANDLING
,
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
fputs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fputs.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
fputwc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fputwc.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
fputws
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fputws.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
fread
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fread.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feof
would return nonzero. However, on some systems this
function attempts to read from the underlying file descriptor even if
the stream’s end-of-file indicator is set. These systems include
glibc and default Solaris.
errno
upon failure.
MSVC_INVALID_PARAMETER_HANDLING
is
HAIRY_LIBRARY_HANDLING
or SANE_LIBRARY_HANDLING
,
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
free
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/free.html
Gnulib module: free-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
on many platforms:
glibc 2.32, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD 4.4, Minix, AIX, HP-UX, IRIX, Cygwin, mingw, MSVC.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
freeaddrinfo
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/freeaddrinfo.html
Gnulib module: getaddrinfo
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<ws2tcpip.h>
rather than in
<netdb.h>
.
cdecl
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
freelocale
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/freelocale.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
locale_t
type is not defined
on some platforms:
z/OS.
freopen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/freopen.html
Gnulib module: freopen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
stream
does not already have an open
file descriptor, freopen
returns the stream without opening
the file: glibc 2.24.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, freopen
may not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
NULL
file name argument on some
platforms:
OpenBSD 4.9, AIX 7.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 10, mingw, MSVC 14.
fileno(f)
will be the same
before and after a call to freopen(name,mode,f)
. However, the
module freopen-safer
can at least protect stdin
, stdout
,
and stderr
.
frexp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/frexp.html
Gnulib module: frexp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
frexpf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/frexpf.html
Gnulib module: frexpf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
frexpl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/frexpl.html
Gnulib module: frexpl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fromfp
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fromfpf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fromfpl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fromfpx
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fromfpxf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fromfpxl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fscanf.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feof
would return nonzero. However, on some systems this
function attempts to read from the underlying file descriptor even if
the stream’s end-of-file indicator is set. These systems include
glibc and default Solaris.
errno
upon failure.
hh
, ll
, j
,
t
, z
size specifiers.
fseek
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fseek.html
Gnulib module: fseek
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
long
is a 32-bit type, fseek
does not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB, even when the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro is used. The fix is to use fseeko
instead.
fseeko
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fseeko.html
Gnulib module: fseeko
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
fseeko
in <stdio.h>
is not enabled by default
on some platforms:
glibc 2.3.6.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, fseeko
does not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fsetpos
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fsetpos.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
fstat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fstat.html
Gnulib module: fstat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, fstat
may not correctly
report the size of files or block devices larger than 2 GB.
(Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
tv_sec
value, tv_nsec
might be in the range
−1000000000..−1, representing a negative nanoseconds
offset from tv_sec
.
st_atime
, st_ctime
, st_mtime
fields are affected by
the current time zone and by the DST flag of the current time zone on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14 (when the environment variable TZ
is set).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
struct stat
.
fstat
applied to the file descriptors 0 and 1, returns
different st_ino
values, even if standard input and standard output
are not redirected and refer to the same terminal.
fstatat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fstatat.html
Gnulib module: fstatat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, fstatat
may
not correctly report the size of files or block devices larger than 2
GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
fstatat(fd,"file/",buf,flag)
succeeds instead of
failing with ENOTDIR
.
Solaris 9.
tv_sec
value, tv_nsec
might be in the range
−1000000000..−1, representing a negative nanoseconds
offset from tv_sec
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
AT_EMPTY_PATH
is not used:
glibc 2.7, Linux 2.6.38.
struct stat
.
fstatvfs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fstatvfs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
f_blocks
in ‘struct statvfs’ is a 32-bit
value, this function may not work correctly on files systems larger than
4 TiB. The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro. This affects
glibc/Hurd, HP-UX 11, Solaris.
fsub
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fsubl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Misc-FP-Arithmetic.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fsync
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fsync.html
Gnulib module: fsync
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EBADF
on some platforms:
AIX 7.2, Cygwin 2.9.
ftell
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ftell.html
Gnulib module: ftell
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
putc
that followed a
getc
call that reached EOF on some platforms:
Solaris 11 2010-11.
ungetc
, throws away the ungetc
buffer, changes the stream’s file position, and returns the wrong position on
some platforms:
macOS 10.15 and newer.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fseek
on some
platforms:
HP-UX 11.
fflush
, ftell
, ftello
, fgetpos
behave incorrectly
on input streams that are opened in O_TEXT
mode and whose contents
contains Unix line terminators (LF), on some platforms: mingw, MSVC 14.
long
is a 32-bit type, ftell
does not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB, even when the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro is used. The fix is to use ftello
instead.
ftello
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ftello.html
Gnulib module: ftello
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ftello
in <stdio.h>
is not enabled by default
on some platforms:
glibc 2.3.6.
putc
that followed a
getc
call that reached EOF on some platforms:
Solaris 11 2010-11.
ungetc
, throws away the ungetc
buffer, changes the stream’s file position, and returns the wrong position on
some platforms:
macOS 10.15 and newer.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, ftello
does not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fseek
on some
platforms:
HP-UX 11.
fflush
, ftell
, ftello
, fgetpos
behave incorrectly
on input streams that are opened in O_TEXT
mode and whose contents
contains Unix line terminators (LF), on some platforms: mingw, MSVC 14.
ftok
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ftok.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ftruncate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ftruncate.html
Gnulib module: ftruncate
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function is not
applicable to arbitrary lengths for files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to
use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ftrylockfile
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ftrylockfile.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ftw
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ftw.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
correctly report the size of files or block devices larger than 2 GB.
The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
funlockfile
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/funlockfile.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
futimens
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/futimens.html
Gnulib module: futimens
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
on some platforms:
Linux kernel 2.6.21.
UTIME_OMIT
or UTIME_NOW
, some systems require
the tv_sec
argument to be 0, and don’t necessarily handle all
file permissions in the manner required by POSIX:
Linux kernel 2.6.25.
UTIME_OMIT
for the modification time, but specifying
an access time, some systems fail to update the change time:
Linux kernel 2.6.32, macOS 11.1, NetBSD 9.0, Solaris 11.1.
AT_FDCWD
as the fd argument does not properly fail with
EBADF
on some systems:
glibc 2.11, musl libc, Solaris 11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
; the gnulib
module ‘utimens’ provides a more reliable interface fdutimens
.
stat
modifies the access time of
directories on some platforms, so utimensat
can only
effectively change directory modification time:
Cygwin 1.5.x.
fwide
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fwide.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
fwide
is not guaranteed to be able to change a file stream’s mode
to a different mode than the current one.
fwprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fwprintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
fwrite
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fwrite.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
MSVC_INVALID_PARAMETER_HANDLING
is
HAIRY_LIBRARY_HANDLING
or SANE_LIBRARY_HANDLING
,
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
fwscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fwscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fwscanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
gai_strerror
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gai_strerror.html
Gnulib module: getaddrinfo
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<ws2tcpip.h>
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
char *
instead of const char *
on some platforms:
AIX 7.1, HP-UX 11, Solaris 9, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getaddrinfo
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getaddrinfo.html
Gnulib module: getaddrinfo
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<ws2tcpip.h>
rather than in
<netdb.h>
.
cdecl
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getc.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feof
would return nonzero. However, on some systems this
function attempts to read from the underlying file descriptor even if
the stream’s end-of-file indicator is set. These systems include
glibc and default Solaris.
errno
upon failure.
getc_unlocked
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getc_unlocked.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getchar
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getchar.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feof
would return nonzero. However, on some systems this
function attempts to read from the underlying file descriptor even if
the stream’s end-of-file indicator is set. These systems include
glibc and default Solaris.
errno
upon failure.
getchar_unlocked
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getchar_unlocked.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getcwd
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getcwd.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getcwd.html
Gnulib module: getcwd or getcwd-lgpl
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module getcwd
or
getcwd-lgpl
:
<io.h>
or
<direct.h>
) on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
getcwd (NULL, n)
allocates memory for the result.
On some other platforms, this call is not allowed.
getcwd
uses int
instead of size_t
for the size argument when using non-standard
headers, and the declaration is missing from <unistd.h>
:
mingw, MSVC 14.
getcwd (buf, 0)
crashes:
MSVC 14.
getcwd (buf, 0)
fails with ERANGE
instead of the required EINVAL
:
mingw.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module getcwd
:
PATH_MAX
)
correctly on some platforms:
glibc on Linux 2.4.20, musl libc 1.2.2/powerpc64le, macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 6.4, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 6.7, AIX 7.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getcwd(NULL, nonzero)
, some platforms, such as glibc
or cygwin, allocate exactly nonzero
bytes and fail with
ERANGE
if it was not big enough, while other platforms, such as
FreeBSD, mingw, or MSVC 14, ignore the size argument and allocate whatever size
is necessary. If this call succeeds, an application cannot portably
access beyond the string length of the result.
getdate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getdate.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Gnulib provides a module parse-datetime
that contains a function
parse_datetime
that has similar functionality as the getdate
function.
getdate_err
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getdate_err.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getdelim
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getdelim.html
Gnulib module: getdelim
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getegid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getegid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getenv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getenv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
geteuid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/geteuid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getgid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgrent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getgrent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgrgid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getgrgid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgrgid_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getgrgid_r.html
Gnulib module: extensions
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgrnam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getgrnam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgrnam_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getgrnam_r.html
Gnulib module: extensions
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgroups
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getgroups.html
Gnulib module: getgroups
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
getgroups (0, NULL)
always fails. See macro
‘AC_FUNC_GETGROUPS’.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fork
and exec
if
the parent process is multi-threaded.
The Gnulib module mgetgroups
provides a similar API.
gethostent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gethostent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gethostid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gethostname.html
Gnulib module: gethostname
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<winsock2.h>
) on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
int
instead of size_t
on some platforms:
Solaris 10.
EINVAL
, instead of returning a truncated host name.
getitimer
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getitimer.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getline
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getline.html
Gnulib module: getline
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getlogin
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getlogin.html
Gnulib module: getlogin
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX
is defined on some platforms:
mingw.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getlogin_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getlogin_r.html
Gnulib module: getlogin_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_REENTRANT
is defined,
on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.
ERANGE
, when the buffer is not large enough, on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
EINVAL
instead of ERANGE
when
the second argument is zero on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.31.
getmsg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getmsg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnameinfo
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getnameinfo.html
Gnulib module: getaddrinfo
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetbyaddr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getnetbyaddr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetbyname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getnetbyname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getnetent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getopt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getopt.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/libutil-getopt-3.html
Gnulib module: getopt-posix or getopt-gnu
The module getopt-gnu
has support for “long options” and for
“options that take optional arguments”. Compared to the API defined by POSIX,
it adds a header file <getopt.h>
and a function getopt_long
.
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module getopt-posix
or getopt-gnu
:
optind
after a missing required argument is wrong
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, AIX 7.1, mingw.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module getopt-gnu
:
getopt
does not support the ‘+’ flag in the options
string on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, AIX 5.2, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11 2010-11.
getopt
does not obey the combination of ‘+’
and ‘:’ flags in the options string on some platforms:
glibc 2.11.
getopt
does not obey the ‘-’ flag in the options
string when POSIXLY_CORRECT
is set on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.0.
getopt
does not support options with optional arguments
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, OpenBSD 4.0, AIX 5.2, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11 2010-11, Cygwin 1.5.x.
getopt_long
is missing on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, MSVC 14.
getopt_long
does not support abbreviated long options
where all disambiguations are equivalent on some platforms:
OpenBSD 5.0.
getopt_long_only
is missing on some platforms:
FreeBSD 5.2.1, NetBSD 9.0, AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, mingw, MSVC 14.
W;
on some
platforms:
glibc 2.14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getopt
allows
mixing option and non-option arguments on the command line in any order.
Other implementations, such as the one in Cygwin, enforce strict POSIX
compliance: they require that the option arguments precede the non-option
arguments. This is something to watch out in your program’s
testsuite.
POSIXLY_CORRECT
, by setting
optind
to 0. Several BSD implementations provide optreset
,
causing a reset by setting it non-zero, although it does not
necessarily re-read POSIXLY_CORRECT
. Solaris getopt
does
not support either reset method, but does not maintain state that
needs the extra level of reset.
getpayload
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpayloadf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpayloadl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpeername
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpeername.html
Gnulib module: getpeername
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
_HPUX_ALT_XOPEN_SOCKET_API
is not defined, this function behaves incorrectly because it is declared
to take a pointer to a 64-bit wide socklen_t
entity but in fact
considers it as a pointer to a 32-bit wide unsigned int
entity.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
socklen_t
type; in this case this function’s
third argument type is ‘int *’.
getpgid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpgid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpgrp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpgrp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpmsg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpmsg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getppid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getppid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpriority
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpriority.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getprotobyname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getprotobyname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getprotobynumber
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getprotobynumber.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getprotoent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getprotoent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpwent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpwnam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwnam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpwnam_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwnam_r.html
Gnulib module: extensions
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpwuid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwuid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fork
and exec
if
the parent process is multi-threaded. Instead, use getpwuid_r
prior to forking.
getpwuid_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwuid_r.html
Gnulib module: extensions
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fork
and exec
if
the parent process is multi-threaded. Use it prior to forking.
getrlimit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getrlimit.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getrlimit-1.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rlim_t
is a 32-bit type, this function does not
allow to retrieve limits larger than 4 GB, such as for RLIMIT_FSIZE. The
fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
getrusage
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getrusage.html
Gnulib module: getrusage
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
struct rusage
with
meaningful values.
gets
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gets.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
errno
upon failure.
getservbyname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getservbyname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getservbyport
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getservbyport.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getservent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getservent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getsid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getsid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getsockname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getsockname.html
Gnulib module: getsockname
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
_HPUX_ALT_XOPEN_SOCKET_API
is not defined, this function behaves incorrectly because it is declared
to take a pointer to a 64-bit wide socklen_t
entity but in fact
considers it as a pointer to a 32-bit wide unsigned int
entity.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
socklen_t
type; in this case this function’s
third argument type is ‘int *’.
getsockopt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getsockopt.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getsockopt-1.html
Gnulib module: getsockopt
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
_HPUX_ALT_XOPEN_SOCKET_API
is not defined, this function behaves incorrectly because it is declared
to take a pointer to a 64-bit wide socklen_t
entity but in fact
considers it as a pointer to a 32-bit wide unsigned int
entity.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
socklen_t
type; in this case this function’s
fifth argument type is ‘int *’.
getsubopt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getsubopt.html
Gnulib module: getsubopt
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
unistd.h
instead of
stdlib.h
on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gettimeofday
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gettimeofday.html
Gnulib module: gettimeofday
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
struct
timezone*
rather than void *
, making it an error to redeclare
the function with the POSIX signature:
glibc.
However, rather than penalize these systems with a replacement
function, gnulib defines GETTIMEOFDAY_TIMEZONE
to the
appropriate type for use in avoiding a compiler warning if assigning
gettimeofday
to a function pointer.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gettimeofday
is not NULL
.
getuid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getuid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutxent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getutxent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutxid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getutxid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutxline
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getutxline.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getwc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getwc.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
getwchar
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getwchar.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
glob
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/glob.html
Gnulib module: glob
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB.
(Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gl_flags
field.
globfree
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/globfree.html
Gnulib module: glob
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gmtime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gmtime.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gmtime_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gmtime_r.html
Gnulib module: time_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_REENTRANT
is defined,
on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
grantpt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/grantpt.html
Gnulib module: grantpt
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hcreate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/hcreate.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hdestroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/hdestroy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hsearch
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/hsearch.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
htonl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/htonl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
htons
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/htons.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hypot
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/hypot.html
Gnulib module: hypot or hypot-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module hypot
or hypot-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module hypot-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hypotf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/hypotf.html
Gnulib module: hypotf or hypotf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module hypotf
or hypotf-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module hypot-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hypotl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/hypotl.html
Gnulib module: hypotl or hypotl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module hypotl
or hypotl-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module hypotl-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
iconv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iconv.html
Gnulib module: iconv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems handled by Gnulib
(in the sense that HAVE_ICONV
does not get defined if the system’s
iconv
function has this problem):
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
iconv
encounters an input character that is valid but that
cannot be converted to the output character set, glibc’s and GNU libiconv’s
iconv
stop the conversion. Some other implementations put an
implementation-defined character into the output buffer.
Gnulib provides higher-level facilities striconv
and striconveh
(wrappers around iconv
) that deal with conversion errors in a platform
independent way.
iconv_close
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iconv_close.html
Gnulib module: iconv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
iconv_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iconv_open.html
Gnulib module: iconv, iconv_open, iconv_open-utf
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module iconv
or iconv_open
:
Portability problems handled by either Gnulib module iconv
or iconv_open
(in the sense that HAVE_ICONV
does not get defined if the system’s
iconv_open
function has this problem):
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module iconv_open
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module iconv_open-utf
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
striconveh
(a wrapper around iconv
) that deals with
this problem.
if_freenameindex
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/if_freenameindex.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
if_indextoname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/if_indextoname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
if_nameindex
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/if_nameindex.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
if_nametoindex
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/if_nametoindex.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ilogb
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ilogb.html
Gnulib module: ilogb
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ilogbf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ilogbf.html
Gnulib module: ilogbf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ilogbl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ilogbl.html
Gnulib module: ilogbl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
imaxabs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/imaxabs.html
Gnulib module: imaxabs
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
imaxdiv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/imaxdiv.html
Gnulib module: imaxdiv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_addr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/inet_addr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_ntoa
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/inet_ntoa.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_ntoa
function need not be reentrant, and consequently
is not required to be thread safe. Implementations of
inet_ntoa
typically write the timestamp into static buffer.
If two threads call inet_ntoa
at roughly the same time, you
might end up with the wrong date in one of the threads, or some
undefined string.
Note: inet_ntoa
is specific for IPv4 addresses.
A protocol independent function is inet_ntop
.
inet_ntop
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/inet_ntop.html
Gnulib module: inet_ntop
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<netdb.h>
instead of <arpa/inet.h>
on some platforms:
NonStop Kernel.
<ws2tcpip.h>
, with a POSIX incompatible
declaration, on some platforms:
MSVC 14 on Windows >= Vista.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
size_t
instead of
socklen_t
on some platforms:
Solaris 10.
inet_pton
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/inet_pton.html
Gnulib module: inet_pton
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<netdb.h>
instead of <arpa/inet.h>
on some platforms:
NonStop Kernel.
<ws2tcpip.h>
, with a POSIX incompatible
declaration, on some platforms:
MSVC 14 on Windows >= Vista.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
initstate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/initstate.html
Gnulib module: random
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
unsigned long
instead of unsigned int
on
some platforms:
MidnightBSD 2.0.
long
instead of size_t
on some platforms:
MidnightBSD 2.0.
insque
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/insque.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ioctl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ioctl.html
LSB specification:
Gnulib module: ioctl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ioctl
is called
ioctlsocket
, and error codes from this function are not placed in
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used instead.
unsigned long
rather than int
on some platforms:
glibc 2.26, macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 13.0, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 6.7, Haiku 2017.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ioctl
requests are platform and hardware specific.
isalnum
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isalnum.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isalnum
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswalnum
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isalnum
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_alnum
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-alnum’.
isalnum_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isalnum_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isalpha
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isalpha.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isalpha
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswalpha
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isalpha
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_alpha
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-alpha’.
isalpha_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isalpha_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isascii
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isascii.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but requires special
handling for the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are two alternative APIs:
c_isascii
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
mb_isascii
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
isastream
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isastream.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isatty
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isatty.html
Gnulib module: isatty
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<io.h>
)
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isblank
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isblank.html
Gnulib module: isblank
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isblank
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswblank
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isblank
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_blank
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-blank’.
isblank_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isblank_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
iscntrl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iscntrl.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_iscntrl
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswcntrl
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_iscntrl
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_cntrl
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-cntrl’.
iscntrl_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iscntrl_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isdigit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isdigit.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isdigit
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswdigit
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isdigit
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_digit
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-digit’.
isdigit_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isdigit_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isfinite
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isfinite.html
Gnulib module: isfinite
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isfinite
raises an
exception given a signaling NaN operand.
isgraph
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isgraph.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isgraph
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswgraph
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isgraph
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_graph
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-graph’.
isgraph_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isgraph_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isgreater
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isgreater.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isgreaterequal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isgreaterequal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isinf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isinf.html
Gnulib module: isinf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isless
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isless.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
islessequal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/islessequal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
islessgreater
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/islessgreater.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
islower
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/islower.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_islower
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswlower
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_islower
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_lower
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-lower’.
islower_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/islower_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isnan
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isnan.html
Gnulib module: isnan
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
isnan
was introduced with C99 and is thus commonly not present
on pre-C99 systems.
isnan
is not a macro on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4.
cc
, isnan
does not recognize some NaNs.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isnormal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isnormal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isprint
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isprint.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isprint
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswprint
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isprint
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_print
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-print’.
isprint_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isprint_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ispunct
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ispunct.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_ispunct
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswpunct
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_ispunct
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_punct
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-punct’.
ispunct_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ispunct_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isspace
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isspace.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isspace
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswspace
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isspace
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_space
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-space’.
isspace_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isspace_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isunordered
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isunordered.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isupper
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isupper.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isupper
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswupper
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isupper
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_upper
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-upper’.
isupper_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isupper_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
iswalnum
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswalnum.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isalnum
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isalnum
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswalnum_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswalnum_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswalpha
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswalpha.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isalpha
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isalpha
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswalpha_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswalpha_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswblank
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswblank.html
Gnulib module: iswblank
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
-D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc 2.8.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isblank
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isblank
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswblank_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswblank_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswcntrl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswcntrl.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32iscntrl
, provided by Gnulib module
c32iscntrl
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswcntrl_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswcntrl_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswctype
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswctype.html
Gnulib module: iswctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<wchar.h>
, not in <wctype.h>
, on
some platforms:
HP-UX 11.00.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswctype_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswctype_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswdigit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswdigit.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isdigit
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isdigit
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswdigit_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswdigit_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswgraph
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswgraph.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isgraph
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isgraph
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswgraph_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswgraph_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswlower
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswlower.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32islower
, provided by Gnulib module
c32islower
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswlower_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswlower_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswprint
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswprint.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isprint
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isprint
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswprint_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswprint_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswpunct
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswpunct.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32ispunct
, provided by Gnulib module
c32ispunct
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswpunct_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswpunct_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswspace
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswspace.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isspace
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isspace
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswspace_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswspace_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswupper
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswupper.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isupper
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isupper
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswupper_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswupper_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
iswxdigit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswxdigit.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32isxdigit
, provided by Gnulib module
c32isxdigit
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
iswxdigit_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/iswxdigit_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
isxdigit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isxdigit.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function’s behaviour depends on the locale, but does not support
the multibyte characters that occur in strings in locales with
MB_CUR_MAX > 1
(this includes all the common UTF-8 locales).
There are four alternative APIs:
c_isxdigit
This function operates in a locale independent way and returns true only for ASCII characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘c-ctype’.
iswxdigit
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on wide characters. In
order to use it, you first have to convert from multibyte to wide characters,
using the mbrtowc
function. It is provided by the Gnulib module
‘wctype’.
mb_isxdigit
This function operates in a locale dependent way, on multibyte characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘mbchar’.
uc_is_xdigit
This function operates in a locale independent way, on Unicode characters. It is provided by the Gnulib module ‘unictype/ctype-xdigit’.
isxdigit_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/isxdigit_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
j0
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/j0.html
Gnulib module: j0
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
j1
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/j1.html
Gnulib module: j1
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
jn
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/jn.html
Gnulib module: jn
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
jrand48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/jrand48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
kill
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/kill.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-kill-3.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
killpg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/killpg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
l64a
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/l64a.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
labs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/labs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lchown
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lchown.html
Gnulib module: lchown
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
lchown("link-to-file/",uid,gid)
:
FreeBSD 7.2, Solaris 9.
lchmod
, the replacement only fixes this for non-symlinks:
OpenBSD 4.0.
chown
is supported, and fails altogether
with ENOSYS
otherwise:
Minix 3.1.8, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lcong48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lcong48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ldexp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ldexp.html
Gnulib module: ldexp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ldexpf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ldexpf.html
Gnulib module: ldexpf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ldexpl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ldexpl.html
Gnulib module: ldexpl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<math.h>
on some platforms:
Mac OS X.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ldiv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ldiv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lfind
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lfind.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lgamma
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lgamma.html
Gnulib module: lgamma
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lgammaf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lgammaf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lgammal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lgammal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
link
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/link.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-link-1.html
Gnulib module: link
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
linkat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/linkat.html
Gnulib module: linkat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW
on some platforms:
Linux kernel 2.6.17.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lio_listio
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lio_listio.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
listen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/listen.html
Gnulib module: listen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llabs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/llabs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lldiv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lldiv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llogb
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Exponents-and-Logarithms.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llogbf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Exponents-and-Logarithms.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llogbl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Exponents-and-Logarithms.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llrint
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/llrint.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llrintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/llrintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llrintl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/llrintl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llround
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/llround.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llroundf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/llroundf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llroundl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/llroundl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
localeconv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/localeconv.html
Gnulib module: localeconv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
struct lconv
type does not contain any members on some platforms:
Android up to 2014.
struct lconv
type does not contain the members
int_p_cs_precedes
, int_p_sign_posn
, int_p_sep_by_space
,
int_n_cs_precedes
, int_n_sign_posn
, int_n_sep_by_space
on some platforms:
glibc, OpenBSD 4.9, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
localtime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/localtime.html
Gnulib module: localtime
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
has been set by Cygwin.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
time_rz
module to work around the problem.
tzset
.
localtime_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/localtime_r.html
Gnulib module: time_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_REENTRANT
is defined,
on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
time_rz
module to work around the problem.
lockf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lockf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly across the entire data range of files larger than 2 GB.
The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
log
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log.html
Gnulib module: log or log-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module log
or log-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module log-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log10
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log10.html
Gnulib module: log10 or log10-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module log10
or log10-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module log10-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log10f
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log10f.html
Gnulib module: log10f or log10f-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module log10f
or log10f-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module log10f-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log10l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log10l.html
Gnulib module: log10l
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log1p
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log1p.html
Gnulib module: log1p or log1p-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module log1p
or log1p-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module log1p-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log1pf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log1pf.html
Gnulib module: log1pf or log1pf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module log1pf
or log1pf-ieee
:
-1.0f
on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module log1pf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log1pl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log1pl.html
Gnulib module: log1pl or log1pl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module log1pl
or log1pl-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module log1pl-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log2
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log2.html
Gnulib module: log2 or log2-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module log2
or log2-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module log2-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log2f
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log2f.html
Gnulib module: log2f or log2f-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module log2f
or log2f-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module log2f-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
log2l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/log2l.html
Gnulib module: log2l
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
logb
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/logb.html
Gnulib module: logb
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
logbf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/logbf.html
Gnulib module: logbf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
logbl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/logbl.html
Gnulib module: logbl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
logf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/logf.html
Gnulib module: logf or logf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module logf
or logf-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module logf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
logl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/logl.html
Gnulib module: logl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
longjmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/longjmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigaltstack
), on FreeBSD, NetBSD,
OpenBSD, you need to clear the SS_ONSTACK
flag in the stack_t
structure managed by the kernel.
lrand48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lrand48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lrint
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lrint.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lrintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lrintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lrintl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lrintl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lround
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lround.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lroundf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lroundf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lroundl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lroundl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lsearch
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lsearch.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lseek
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lseek.html
Gnulib module: lseek
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<io.h>
)
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, lseek
does not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lseek
should set
errno
to EINVAL
and return −1, but in this situation a
SIGSYS
signal is raised on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5.
SEEK_DATA
and SEEK_HOLE
:
AIX, HP-UX, Microsoft Windows, NetBSD, OpenBSD.
lstat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/lstat.html
Gnulib module: lstat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, lstat
may not
correctly report the size of files or block devices larger than 2 GB.
(Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
lstat("file/",buf)
succeeds instead of
failing with ENOTDIR
.
macOS 11.1, Solaris 9.
tv_sec
value, tv_nsec
might be in the range
−1000000000..−1, representing a negative nanoseconds
offset from tv_sec
.
lstat
does not exist.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
struct stat
.
malloc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/malloc.html
Gnulib module: malloc-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to ENOMEM
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
malloc (n)
can succeed even if n
exceeds PTRDIFF_MAX
. Although this behavior is arguably
allowed by POSIX it can lead to behavior not defined by POSIX later,
so malloc-posix
does not allow going over the limit.
Extension: Gnulib provides a module ‘malloc-gnu’ that substitutes a
malloc
implementation that behaves more like the glibc implementation,
by fixing this portability problem:
malloc (0)
returns NULL
on success on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
mblen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mblen.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbrlen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mbrlen.html
Gnulib module: mbrlen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
(size_t) -1
and set errno
to EILSEQ
:
glibc 2.23.
(size_t) -2
when the input
is empty:
glibc 2.19.
(size_t) -1
instead of (size_t) -2
when the input is empty:
AIX 5.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbrtoc16
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbrtoc32
Gnulib module: mbrtoc32
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
(size_t) -1
and set errno
to EILSEQ
:
glibc 2.23.
(size_t) -2
when the input
is empty:
glibc 2.19.
mbrtowc
recognizes on some platforms:
FreeBSD 13.0, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbrtowc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mbrtowc.html
Gnulib module: mbrtowc
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
(size_t) -1
and set errno
to EILSEQ
:
glibc 2.23.
(size_t) -2
when the input
is empty:
glibc 2.19.
(size_t) -1
instead of (size_t) -2
when the input is empty:
AIX 7.2.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the ISO C11 function mbrtoc32
, provided by Gnulib module
mbrtoc32
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not have
this limitation.
mbsinit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mbsinit.html
Gnulib module: mbsinit
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbsnrtowcs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mbsnrtowcs.html
Gnulib module: mbsnrtowcs
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function mbsnrtoc32s
, provided by Gnulib module
mbsnrtoc32s
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
mbsrtowcs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mbsrtowcs.html
Gnulib module: mbsrtowcs
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function mbsrtoc32s
, provided by Gnulib module
mbsrtoc32s
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
mbstowcs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mbstowcs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function mbstoc32s
, provided by Gnulib module
mbstoc32s
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
mbtowc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mbtowc.html
Gnulib module: mbtowc
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
memccpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/memccpy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memchr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/memchr.html
Gnulib module: memchr
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
unsigned char
on some platforms:
Android 5.0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memcmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/memcmp.html
Gnulib module: memcmp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memcpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/memcpy.html
Gnulib module: memcpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memmove
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/memmove.html
Gnulib module: memmove
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/memset.html
Gnulib module: memset
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkdir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkdir.html
Gnulib module: sys_stat or mkdir
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module sys_stat
or mkdir
:
<io.h>
or
<direct.h>
) on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
_mkdir
and takes only one argument. The fix (without Gnulib) is to define a macro
like this:
#define mkdir ((int (*)()) _mkdir)
or
#define mkdir(path,mode) _mkdir (path)
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module mkdir
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkdirat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkdirat.html
Gnulib module: mkdirat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkdtemp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkdtemp.html
Gnulib module: mkdtemp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkfifo
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkfifo.html
Gnulib module: mkfifo
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
:
mingw, MSVC 14, Android 4.4.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EISDIR
instead of the correct EEXIST
:
HP-UX 11.11.
mkfifoat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkfifoat.html
Gnulib module: mkfifoat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EISDIR
instead of the correct
EEXIST
: HP-UX 11.11.
mknod
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mknod.html
Gnulib module: mknod
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EISDIR
instead of the correct EEXIST
:
HP-UX 11.11.
mknodat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mknodat.html
Gnulib module: mkfifoat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EISDIR
instead of the correct
EEXIST
: HP-UX 11.11.
mkstemp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkstemp.html
Gnulib module: mkstemp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, mkstemp
may not work
correctly to create files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
mkstemp
can create a world or group
writable or readable file, if you haven’t set the process umask to
077. This is a security risk.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The gnulib module clean-temp
can create temporary files that will not
be left behind after signals such as SIGINT.
mktime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mktime.html
Gnulib module: mktime
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
has been set by Cygwin.
mktime
may go into an endless loop on some platforms.
mktime
may occasionally return wrong results on some platforms.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tzset
.
mlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mlock.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mlockall
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mlockall.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mmap
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mmap.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly across the entire data range of files larger than 2 GB.
The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE
and -1
instead of a file descriptor;
on others you have to use a read-only file descriptor of /dev/zero.
MAP_FIXED
, often causes mmap
to fail. Better pass NULL
in this case.
MAP_FIXED
basically never works. On other platforms, it depends
on the circumstances whether memory can be returned at a given address.
modf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/modf.html
Gnulib module: modf or modf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module modf
or modf-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module modf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
modff
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/modff.html
Gnulib module: modff or modff-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module modff
or modff-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module modff-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
modfl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/modfl.html
Gnulib module: modfl or modfl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module modfl
or modfl-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module modfl-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mprotect
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mprotect.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
on some platforms:
mingw.
mprotect
on memory regions allocated
with malloc
.
mq_close
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_close.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_getattr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_getattr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_notify
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_notify.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_open.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_receive
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_receive.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_send
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_send.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_setattr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_setattr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_timedreceive
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_timedreceive.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_timedsend
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_timedsend.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mq_unlink
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mq_unlink.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mrand48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mrand48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
msgctl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/msgctl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
msgget
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/msgget.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
msgrcv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/msgrcv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
msgsnd
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/msgsnd.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
msync
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/msync.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
msync
takes only two arguments.
mtx_destroy
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Mutexes.html.
Gnulib module: mtx
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mtx_init
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Mutexes.html.
Gnulib module: mtx
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mtx_lock
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Mutexes.html.
Gnulib module: mtx
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mtx_timedlock
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Mutexes.html.
Gnulib module: mtx
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mtx_trylock
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Mutexes.html.
Gnulib module: mtx
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mtx_unlock
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Mutexes.html.
Gnulib module: mtx
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
munlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/munlock.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
munlockall
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/munlockall.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
munmap
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/munmap.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nan
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nan.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nanl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nanl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nanosleep
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nanosleep.html
Gnulib module: nanosleep
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nearbyint
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nearbyint.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nearbyintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nearbyintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nearbyintl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nearbyintl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
newlocale
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/newlocale.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
locale_t
type is not defined
on some platforms:
z/OS.
locale_t
type contains basically
no information on some platforms:
OpenBSD 6.3.
nextafter
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nextafter.html
Gnulib module: nextafter
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nextafterf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nextafterf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nextafterl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nextafterl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nextdown
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nextdownf
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nextdownl
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nexttoward
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nexttoward.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nexttowardf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nexttowardf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nexttowardl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nexttowardl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nextup
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nextupf
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nextupl
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nftw
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nftw.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
correctly report the size of files or block devices larger than 2 GB.
The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
nice
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nice.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nice
returned 0 upon success.
nl_langinfo
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nl_langinfo.html
Gnulib module: nl_langinfo
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
CODESET
is not supported on some platforms:
OpenBSD 3.8.
ALTMON_1
to ALTMON_12
are not defined on some
platforms:
glibc 2.26, musl libc, macOS 11.1, NetBSD 8.0, OpenBSD 6.7, AIX 7.2, HP-UX 11.31, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Haiku, Cygwin 2.9.
ERA
, ERA_D_FMT
, ERA_D_T_FMT
,
ERA_T_FMT
, ALT_DIGITS
are not supported on some platforms:
OpenBSD 6.7.
YESEXPR
and NOEXPR
do not return a valid
string on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nl_langinfo(CODESET)
always
returns "US-ASCII"
.
nl_langinfo(CRNCYSTR)
returns the
empty string, although the local currency symbol, as returned by
localeconv()->currency_symbol
, is non-empty.
nl_langinfo(ABMON_1)
... nl_langinfo(ABMON_12)
are full month
names, not abbreviated month names.
nl_langinfo_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nl_langinfo_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nrand48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/nrand48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ntohl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ntohl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ntohs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ntohs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/open.html
Gnulib module: open, fchdir
Portability problems fixed by the Gnulib module open
:
O_CLOEXEC
:
Mac OS X 10.6, FreeBSD 8.4, NetBSD 5.1, OpenBSD 4.9, Minix 3.1.8, AIX 7.1, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 10, Cygwin 1.7.x, mingw, MSVC 14.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, open
may not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
O_NONBLOCK
flag when it is defined
by the gnulib module nonblocking
on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by the Gnulib module fchdir
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
O_CLOEXEC
is not atomic, and so is
not safe in the presence of multiple threads or signal handlers.
open ("symlink", O_NOFOLLOW ...)
fails with errno
set to
EMLINK
instead of the POSIX-required ELOOP
on some
platforms:
FreeBSD 10.1.
open ("symlink", O_NOFOLLOW ...)
fails with errno
set to
EFTYPE
instead of the POSIX-required ELOOP
on some
platforms:
NetBSD 6.1.
O_TEXT
mode by
default; this means that it translates '\n'
to CR/LF by default. Use the
O_BINARY
flag if you need reliable binary I/O.
openat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/openat.html
Gnulib module: openat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
O_CLOEXEC
:
AIX 7.1, Solaris 10.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, open
may not work
correctly with files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
O_CLOEXEC
is not atomic, and so is
not safe in the presence of multiple threads or signal handlers.
openat (fd, "symlink", O_NOFOLLOW ...)
fails with errno
set to EMLINK
instead of the POSIX-required ELOOP
on
some platforms:
FreeBSD 10.1.
openat (fd, "symlink", O_NOFOLLOW ...)
fails with errno
set to EFTYPE
instead of the POSIX-required ELOOP
on
some platforms:
NetBSD 6.1.
opendir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/opendir.html
Gnulib module: opendir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. Also, on platforms
where ino_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may report inode numbers
incorrectly. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
openlog
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/openlog.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
open_memstream
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/open_memstream.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
An alternative to the open_memstream
function is the Gnulib module
string-buffer
.
open_wmemstream
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/open_wmemstream.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
optarg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/optarg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
opterr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/opterr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
optind
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/optind.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
optopt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/optopt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pathconf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pathconf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pause
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pause.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pclose
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pclose.html
Gnulib module: pclose
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
perror
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/perror.html
Gnulib module: perror
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
of 0 like failure, although POSIX
requires that the message declare it as a success, on some platforms:
FreeBSD 8.2, OpenBSD 4.7, macOS 11.1.
strerror
buffer on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ferror
) on write failure, but not all platforms do this:
glibc 2.13, cygwin 1.7.9.
pipe
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pipe.html
Gnulib module: pipe-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EMFILE
if no
resources are left on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
poll
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/poll.html
Gnulib module: poll
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
poll
replacement might
return 0 even before the timeout has passed. Programs using it with pipes can
thus busy wait.
popen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/popen.html
Gnulib module: popen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
COMSPEC
is not set.
popen
calls into subsequent popen
children:
Cygwin 1.5.x.
posix_fadvise
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_fadvise.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly across the entire data range of files larger than 2 GB.
The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
posix_fallocate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_fallocate.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly across the entire data range of files larger than 2 GB.
The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
posix_madvise
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_madvise.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_mem_offset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_mem_offset.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_memalign
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_memalign.html
Gnulib module: posix_memalign
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The Gnulib module aligned-malloc
provides functions for
allocating and freeing blocks of suitably aligned memory.
The Gnulib module pagealign_alloc
provides a similar API for
allocating and freeing blocks of memory aligned on a system page boundary.
posix_openpt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_openpt.html
Gnulib module: posix_openpt
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
or ENOENT
on
some platforms.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note that when using this function to open the master side of a
pseudo-terminal, you still need platform dependent code to open the
corresponding slave side. The Gnulib module openpty
provides
an easy-to-use API that does both at once.
posix_spawn
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawn.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawn
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The Gnulib modules posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir
and
posix_spawn_file_actions_addfchdir
provide additional actions,
that consist in changing the current directory of the child process
before starting the specified program.
posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawn_file_actions_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawn_file_actions_init.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawn_file_actions_init
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_destroy.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_destroy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_getflags
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_getflags.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_getflags
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_getpgroup
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_getpgroup.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_getpgroup
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_getschedparam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_getschedparam.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_getschedparam
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_getschedpolicy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_getschedpolicy.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_getschedpolicy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_getsigdefault
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_getsigdefault.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_getsigdefault
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_getsigmask
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_getsigmask.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_getsigmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_init.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_init
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_setflags
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_setflags.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_setflags
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_setpgroup
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_setpgroup.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_setpgroup
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_setschedparam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_setschedparam.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_setschedparam
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_setschedpolicy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_setschedpolicy.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_setschedpolicy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnattr_setsigmask
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnattr_setsigmask.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnattr_setsigmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_spawnp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_spawnp.html
Gnulib module: posix_spawnp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The Gnulib modules posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir
and
posix_spawn_file_actions_addfchdir
provide additional actions,
that consist in changing the current directory of the child process
before starting the specified program.
posix_trace_attr_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_destroy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getclockres
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getclockres.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getcreatetime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getcreatetime.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getgenversion
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getgenversion.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getinherited
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getinherited.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getlogfullpolicy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getlogfullpolicy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getlogsize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getlogsize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getmaxdatasize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getmaxdatasize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getmaxsystemeventsize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getmaxsystemeventsize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getmaxusereventsize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getmaxusereventsize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getstreamfullpolicy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getstreamfullpolicy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_getstreamsize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_getstreamsize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_init.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_setinherited
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_setinherited.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_setlogfullpolicy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_setlogfullpolicy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_setlogsize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_setlogsize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_setmaxdatasize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_setmaxdatasize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_setname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_setname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_setstreamfullpolicy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_setstreamfullpolicy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_attr_setstreamsize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_attr_setstreamsize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_clear
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_clear.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_close
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_close.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_create
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_create.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_create_withlog
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_create_withlog.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_event
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_event.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventid_equal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventid_equal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventid_get_name
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventid_get_name.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventid_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventid_open.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventset_add
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventset_add.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventset_del
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventset_del.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventset_empty
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventset_empty.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventset_fill
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventset_fill.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventset_ismember
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventset_ismember.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventtypelist_getnext_id
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventtypelist_getnext_id.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_eventtypelist_rewind
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_eventtypelist_rewind.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_flush
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_flush.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_get_attr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_get_attr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_get_filter
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_get_filter.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_get_status
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_get_status.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_getnext_event
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_getnext_event.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_open.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_rewind
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_rewind.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_set_filter
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_set_filter.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_shutdown
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_shutdown.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_start
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_start.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_stop
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_stop.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_timedgetnext_event
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_timedgetnext_event.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_trid_eventid_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_trid_eventid_open.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_trace_trygetnext_event
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_trygetnext_event.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_typed_mem_get_info
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_typed_mem_get_info.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
posix_typed_mem_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_typed_mem_open.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pow
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pow.html
Gnulib module: pow
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
powf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/powf.html
Gnulib module: powf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
powl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/powl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pread
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pread.html
Gnulib module: pread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
printf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/printf.html
Gnulib module: printf-posix or stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module printf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, MSVC 14.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
or printf-posix
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
or printf-posix
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
EOF
but
does not set the error flag for ferror
on some platforms:
glibc 2.13, cygwin 1.7.9.
pselect
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pselect.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
psiginfo
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/psiginfo.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
psignal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/psignal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_atfork
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_atfork.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_destroy.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getdetachstate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_getdetachstate.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getguardsize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_getguardsize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getinheritsched
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_getinheritsched.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getschedparam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_getschedparam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getschedpolicy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_getschedpolicy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getscope
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_getscope.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getstack
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_getstack.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getstacksize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_getstacksize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_init.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setdetachstate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_setdetachstate.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setguardsize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_setguardsize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setinheritsched
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_setinheritsched.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setschedparam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_setschedparam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_setschedpolicy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setscope
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_setscope.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setstack
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_setstack.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setstacksize
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_attr_setstacksize.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_barrier_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_barrier_destroy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_barrier_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_barrier_init.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_barrier_wait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_barrier_wait.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_barrierattr_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_barrierattr_destroy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_barrierattr_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_barrierattr_init.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cancel
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cancel.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cleanup_pop
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cleanup_pop.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cleanup_push
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cleanup_push.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cond_broadcast
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cond_broadcast.html
Gnulib module: pthread-cond
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cond_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cond_destroy.html
Gnulib module: pthread-cond
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cond_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cond_init.html
Gnulib module: pthread-cond
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cond_signal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cond_signal.html
Gnulib module: pthread-cond
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cond_timedwait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cond_timedwait.html
Gnulib module: pthread-cond
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cond_wait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_cond_wait.html
Gnulib module: pthread-cond
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_condattr_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_condattr_destroy.html
Gnulib module: pthread-cond
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_condattr_getclock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_condattr_getclock.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_condattr_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_condattr_init.html
Gnulib module: pthread-cond
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_condattr_setclock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_condattr_setclock.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_create
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_create.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_detach
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_detach.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_equal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_equal.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_exit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_exit.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_getconcurrency
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_getconcurrency.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_getcpuclockid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_getcpuclockid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_getschedparam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_getschedparam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_getspecific
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_getspecific.html
Gnulib module: pthread-tss
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_join
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_join.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_key_create
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_key_create.html
Gnulib module: pthread-tss
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_key_delete
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_key_delete.html
Gnulib module: pthread-tss
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_kill
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_kill.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_consistent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_consistent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_destroy.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_getprioceiling
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_getprioceiling.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_init.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_lock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_lock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_setprioceiling
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_setprioceiling.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_timedlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_timedlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread_mutex_timedlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_trylock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_trylock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_unlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutex_unlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_destroy.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_getrobust.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_gettype
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_gettype.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_init.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_setrobust.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_settype
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_mutexattr_settype.html
Gnulib module: pthread-mutex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_once
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_once.html
Gnulib module: pthread-once
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_destroy.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_init.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_rdlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gl_rwlock_t
type from the Gnulib
module ‘lock’.
pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_trywrlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_trywrlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_unlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_unlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_wrlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlockattr_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlockattr_destroy.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlockattr_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_rwlockattr_init.html
Gnulib module: pthread-rwlock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_self
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_self.html
Gnulib module: pthread-thread
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setcancelstate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_setcancelstate.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setcanceltype
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_setcanceltype.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setconcurrency
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_setconcurrency.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setschedparam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_setschedparam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setschedprio
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_setschedprio.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setspecific
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_setspecific.html
Gnulib module: pthread-tss
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_sigmask
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_sigmask.html
Gnulib module: pthread_sigmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<pthread.h>
instead of <signal.h>
on some platforms:
FreeBSD 6.4, OpenBSD 3.8.
-lpthread
on some platforms:
FreeBSD 13.0, MidnightBSD 1.1, HP-UX 11.31, Solaris 9.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_spin_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_spin_destroy.html
Gnulib module: pthread-spin
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_spin_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_spin_init.html
Gnulib module: pthread-spin
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_spin_lock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_spin_lock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-spin
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_spin_trylock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_spin_trylock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-spin
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_spin_unlock
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_spin_unlock.html
Gnulib module: pthread-spin
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_testcancel
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pthread_testcancel.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ptsname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ptsname.html
Gnulib module: ptsname
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note that the Gnulib module ptsname_r
is a version of this
function that is more likely to be thread-safe.
putc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putc.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
putc_unlocked
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putc_unlocked.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
putchar
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putchar.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
putchar_unlocked
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putchar_unlocked.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
putenv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putenv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Extension: Gnulib provides a module ‘putenv’ that substitutes a
putenv
implementation that can also be used to remove environment
variables.
putmsg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putmsg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
putpmsg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putpmsg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
puts
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/puts.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
pututxline
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pututxline.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
putwc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putwc.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
putwchar
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/putwchar.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
pwrite
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pwrite.html
Gnulib module: pwrite
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
off_t
argument
when large file support is enabled on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
qsort
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/qsort.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
quick_exit
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
raise
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/raise.html
Gnulib module: raise
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rand
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rand.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rand_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rand_r.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
random
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/random.html
Gnulib module: random
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
read
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/read.html
Gnulib module: read, stdio, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module read
:
<io.h>
)
on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EINTR
, even in programs that don’t
install any signal handlers, on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
For handling EINTR
, Gnulib provides a module ‘safe-read’ with a
function safe_read
.
readdir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/readdir.html
Gnulib module: readdir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. Also, on platforms
where ino_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may report inode numbers
incorrectly. This can occur with file systems such as XFS (typically on
large disks) and NFS. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
d_ino
values, some
older systems are rumored to return d_ino
values equal to zero
for directory entries that do not really exist. Although Gnulib
formerly attempted to cater to these older systems, this caused
misbehavior on standard systems and so Gnulib does not attempt to
cater to them any more. If you know of any problems caused by this,
please send a bug report.
readdir_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/readdir_r.html
Gnulib module: extensions
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
readdir
.
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. Also, on platforms
where ino_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may report inode numbers
incorrectly. This can occur with file systems such as XFS (typically on
large disks) and NFS. The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
readlink
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/readlink.html
Gnulib module: readlink
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
int
instead of
ssize_t
:
glibc 2.4, FreeBSD 6.0, OpenBSD 6.7, Cygwin 1.5.x, AIX 7.1.
Portability problems mostly fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to
ERANGE
rather than returning truncated contents:
AIX 7.2, HP-UX 11.
The Gnulib replacement normally works as POSIX requires by returning
the truncated contents. However, if the full link contents are
unreasonably large (more than 4000 bytes) the replacement clears the
entire buffer and returns the buffer size; although this is not a
complete fix, it suffices for typical callers, which ignore the buffer
contents anyway.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to ENOENT
or EIO
instead of
EINVAL
. To avoid this problem, check for a directory before calling
this function.
errno
to ENXIO
instead of EINVAL
. Cygwin
may set errno to EACCES
instead of EINVAL
.
errno
to EINVAL
:
AIX 7.2.
errno
to EINVAL
if the
requested length is zero. Use the gnulib module areadlink
for
improved ability to read symlink contents.
readlinkat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/readlinkat.html
Gnulib module: readlinkat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
int
instead of
ssize_t
:
AIX 7.1.
Portability problems mostly fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to
ERANGE
rather than returning truncated contents:
AIX 7.2.
The Gnulib replacement normally works as POSIX requires by returning
the truncated contents. However, if the full link contents are
unreasonably large (more than 4000 bytes) the replacement clears the
entire buffer and returns the buffer size; although this is not a
complete fix, it suffices for typical callers, which ignore the buffer
contents anyway.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to ENOENT
or EIO
instead of
EINVAL
. To avoid this problem, check for a directory before calling
this function.
errno
to ENXIO
instead of EINVAL
. Cygwin
may set errno to EACCES
instead of EINVAL
.
errno
to EINVAL
:
AIX 7.2.
errno
to EINVAL
if the
requested length is zero. Use the gnulib module areadlink
for
improved ability to read symlink contents.
readv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/readv.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
realloc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/realloc.html
Gnulib module: realloc-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to ENOMEM
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
realloc (p, n)
can succeed even if n
exceeds PTRDIFF_MAX
. Although this behavior is arguably
allowed by POSIX it can lead to behavior not defined by POSIX later,
so realloc-posix
does not allow going over the limit.
Without the ‘realloc-gnu’ module described below, it is not portable
to call realloc
with a size of 0. With a
NULL pointer argument, this is the same ambiguity as malloc (0)
on whether a unique zero-size object is created. With a non-NULL
pointer argument p
, C17 says that it is implementation-defined
whether realloc (p, 0)
frees p
.
Behavior varies on whether realloc (p, 0)
always frees p
and successfully returns a null pointer, or always
fails and leaves p
valid, or usually succeeds and returns a
unique zero-size object; a program not suspecting these variations in
semantics will leak memory (either the still-valid p
, or the
non-NULL return value).
Extension: Gnulib provides a module ‘realloc-gnu’ that substitutes a
realloc
implementation that behaves more like the glibc implementation.
It fixes these portability problems:
realloc (NULL, 0)
returns NULL
on success on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
realloc (p, 0)
with non-null p
might not free p
, or might clobber errno
,
or might not return NULL
.
realpath
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/realpath.html
Gnulib module: canonicalize-lgpl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
recv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/recv.html
Gnulib module: recv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
recvfrom
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/recvfrom.html
Gnulib module: recvfrom
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
_HPUX_ALT_XOPEN_SOCKET_API
is not defined, this function behaves incorrectly because it is declared
to take a pointer to a 64-bit wide socklen_t
entity but in fact
considers it as a pointer to a 32-bit wide unsigned int
entity.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
socklen_t
type; in this case this function’s
sixth argument type is ‘int *’.
recvmsg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/recvmsg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
regcomp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/regcomp.html
Gnulib module: regex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
regerror
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/regerror.html
Gnulib module: regex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
regexec
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/regexec.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-regexec-2.html
Gnulib module: regex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
regfree
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/regfree.html
Gnulib module: regex
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remainder
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/remainder.html
Gnulib module: remainder or remainder-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module remainder
or remainder-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module remainder-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remainderf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/remainderf.html
Gnulib module: remainderf or remainderf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module remainderf
or remainderf-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module remainderf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remainderl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/remainderl.html
Gnulib module: remainderl or remainderl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module remainderl
or remainderl-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module remainderl-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remove
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/remove.html
Gnulib module: remove
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
remove("dir/./")
on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.5.x.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remque
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/remque.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remquo
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/remquo.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remquof
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/remquof.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remquol
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/remquol.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rename
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rename.html
Gnulib module: rename
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
rename("dir","new/")
:
NetBSD 1.6.
rename("file","new/")
:
AIX 7.1, Solaris 11.3, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC 14.
rename("link-to-file/","f")
:
FreeBSD 7.2.
rename("link/","new")
corrupts link:
Solaris 9.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rename("symlink-to-dir/","dir2")
rename
dir and leave symlink-to-dir dangling; likewise, it
requires that rename("dir","dangling/")
rename dir so
that dangling is no longer a dangling symlink. This behavior
is counter-intuitive, so on some systems, rename
fails with
ENOTDIR
if either argument is a symlink with a trailing slash:
glibc, OpenBSD, Cygwin 1.7.
rename
do nothing and return 0 if the
source and destination are hard links to the same file. This behavior
is counterintuitive, and on some systems renameat
is a no-op in
this way only if the source and destination identify the same
directory entry. On these systems, for example, although renaming
./f to f is a no-op, renaming f to g
deletes f when f and g are hard links to the same
file:
NetBSD 7.0.
stat
function
for 30 seconds after the rename, on NFS file systems, on some platforms:
Linux 2.6.18.
renameat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/renameat.html
Gnulib module: renameat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<unistd.h>
, not in <stdio.h>
,
on some platforms:
NetBSD 7.0, Solaris 11.4.
<sys/stat.h>
, not in <stdio.h>
,
on some platforms:
Android 4.3.
renameat(fd,"file",fd,"new/")
:
Solaris 11.4.
renameat(fd,"link/",fd,"new")
corrupts link:
Solaris 9.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
renameat(fd,"symlink-to-dir/",fd,"dir2")
rename
dir and leave symlink-to-dir dangling; likewise, it
requires that renameat(fd,"dir",fd,"dangling/")
rename dir so
that dangling is no longer a dangling symlink. This behavior
is counter-intuitive, so on some systems, renameat
fails with
ENOTDIR
if either argument is a symlink with a trailing slash:
glibc, OpenBSD, Cygwin 1.7.
renameat
do nothing and return 0 if the
source and destination are hard links to the same file. This behavior
is counterintuitive, and on some systems renameat
is a no-op in
this way only if the source and destination identify the same
directory entry. On these systems, for example, although renaming
./f to f is a no-op, renaming f to g
deletes f when f and g are hard links to the same
file:
NetBSD 7.0.
stat
function
for 30 seconds after the rename, on NFS file systems, on some platforms:
Linux 2.6.18.
rewind
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rewind.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
rewinddir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rewinddir.html
Gnulib module: rewinddir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
long int
is a 32-bit type, this function may
not work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB.
(Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rint
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rint.html
Gnulib module: rint
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rintf.html
Gnulib module: rintf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rintl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rintl.html
Gnulib module: rintl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rmdir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/rmdir.html
Gnulib module: rmdir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<io.h>
or
<direct.h>
) on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
rmdir("dir/./")
on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.5.x.
EINVAL
instead of the expected
ENOTDIR
for rmdir("file/")
on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rmdir
fails because the specified directory is not empty, the
errno
value is system dependent.
rmdir("link-to-empty/")
remove empty
and leave link-to-empty as a dangling symlink. This is
counter-intuitive, so some systems fail with ENOTDIR
instead:
glibc
round
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/round.html
Gnulib module: round or round-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module round
or round-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module round-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
roundeven
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
roundevenf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
roundevenl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
roundf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/roundf.html
Gnulib module: roundf or roundf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module roundf
or roundf-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module roundf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
roundl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/roundl.html
Gnulib module: roundl or roundl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module roundl
or roundl-ieee
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module roundl-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scalbln
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/scalbln.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scalblnf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/scalblnf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scalblnl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/scalblnl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scalbn
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/scalbn.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scalbnf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/scalbnf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scalbnl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/scalbnl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scandir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/scandir.html
Gnulib module: scandir
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. Also, on platforms
where ino_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may report inode numbers
incorrectly. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
int (*) (const void *, const void *)
on some platforms:
glibc 2.3.6, macOS 10.7, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 7.1, OpenBSD 6.7.
int (*) (void *, void *)
on some platforms:
AIX 5.1.
scanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/scanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-scanf.html
Gnulib module: stdio, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feof
would return nonzero. However, on some systems this
function attempts to read from the underlying file descriptor even if
the stream’s end-of-file indicator is set. These systems include
glibc and default Solaris.
errno
upon failure.
hh
, ll
, j
,
t
, z
size specifiers.
sched_get_priority_max
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sched_get_priority_max.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_get_priority_min
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sched_get_priority_min.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_getparam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sched_getparam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_getscheduler
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sched_getscheduler.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_rr_get_interval
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sched_rr_get_interval.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_setparam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sched_setparam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_setscheduler
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sched_setscheduler.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sched-setscheduler.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_yield
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sched_yield.html
Gnulib module: sched_yield
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
seed48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/seed48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
seekdir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/seekdir.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
long int
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use
the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro (only on Mac OS X systems).
select
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/select.html
Gnulib module: select
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
select
can only be
called on descriptors created by the socket
function, not on regular
file descriptors.
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
select
with a timeout, some implementations modify the
timeout parameter so that upon return from the function, it contains the
amount of time not slept. Other implementations leave the timeout parameter
unmodified.
select
replacement might
return 0 even before the timeout has passed. Programs using it with pipes can
thus busy wait.
select
may fail, setting errno
to EBADF
.
sem_close
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_close.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_destroy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_destroy.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_getvalue
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_getvalue.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_init
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_init.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_open.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_post
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_post.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_timedwait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_timedwait.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_trywait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_trywait.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_unlink
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_unlink.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sem_wait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sem_wait.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
semctl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/semctl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
semget
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/semget.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
semop
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/semop.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
send
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/send.html
Gnulib module: send
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sendmsg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sendmsg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sendto
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sendto.html
Gnulib module: sendto
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setbuf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setbuf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setegid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setegid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setenv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setenv.html
Gnulib module: setenv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setenv(NULL,"",0)
gracefully
fail with EINVAL
, but not all implementations guarantee this,
and the requirement was removed.
seteuid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/seteuid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setgid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setgid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setgrent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setgrent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sethostent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sethostent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setitimer
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setitimer.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setjmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setjmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setjmp
saves the signal mask in the
jmp_buf
. It does on BSD platforms, and on glibc platforms when
_BSD_SOURCE
(and/or _DEFAULT_SOURCE
on glibc >= 2.19) is defined;
in this case setjmp
behaves like sigsetjmp(.,1)
, and functions
_setjmp
and _longjmp
are available that don’t save or restore
the signal mask. On System V platforms (excluding HP-UX), and on glibc
platforms by default, setjmp
doesn’t save the signal mask.
setkey
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setkey.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<stdlib.h>
(without -D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc (at least 2.11–2.13).
setlocale
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setlocale.html
Gnulib module: setlocale, setlocale-null
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module setlocale
:
setlocale(category,NULL)
ignores the environment variables LC_ALL
, category
, and
LANG
.
setlocale(LC_ALL,name)
succeeds and sets the LC_CTYPE category to
‘C’ when it does not support the encoding, instead of failing.
setlocale
understands different
locale names, that are not based on ISO 639 language names and ISO 3166 country
names.
setlocale
function
always fails. The replacement, however, supports only the locale names
"C"
and "POSIX"
.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module setlocale
or setlocale-null
:
setlocale (..., NULL)
are not multithread-safe on some
platforms:
musl libc, macOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, AIX, Haiku, Cygwin.
To make these invocations multithread-safe, you need the Gnulib module
setlocale
, or you need to change the code to invoke setlocale_null
or setlocale_null_r
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setlocale(LC_ALL,NULL)
always returns "C"
.
setlocale(LC_ALL,"")
will only update categories that
are deemed appropriate for the LC_ALL
environment value, even if
there are other categories set to different values in the environment.
In addition any value is accepted for LC_CTYPE
, and so NULL
is never returned to indicate a failure to set locale.
To verify category values, each category must be set individually
with setlocale(LC_COLLATE,"")
etc.
setlogmask
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setlogmask.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setnetent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setnetent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpayload
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpayloadf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpayloadl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpayloadsig
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpayloadsigf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpayloadsigl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Bit-Twiddling.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpgid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setpgid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpgrp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setpgrp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpriority
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setpriority.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setprotoent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setprotoent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setpwent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setpwent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setregid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setregid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setreuid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setreuid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setrlimit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setrlimit.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getrlimit-1.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rlim_t
is a 32-bit type, this function does not
allow to set limits larger than 4 GB, such as for RLIMIT_FSIZE. The fix is
to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
setservent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setservent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setsid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setsid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setsockopt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setsockopt.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-setsockopt-2.html
Gnulib module: setsockopt
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setstate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setstate.html
Gnulib module: random
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setuid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setuid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setutxent
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setutxent.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setvbuf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setvbuf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
_IOLBF
(line-buffering)
is treated as if it were _IOFBF
(full buffering),
possibly with a warning generated.
shm_open
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/shm_open.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
shm_unlink
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/shm_unlink.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
shmat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/shmat.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
SHM_REMAP
is needed in order to force shmat
to replace existing memory mappings in the specify address range. On other
platforms, it is not needed.
shmctl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/shmctl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
shmdt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/shmdt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
shmget
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/shmget.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
shmget
requires superuser privileges.
shutdown
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/shutdown.html
Gnulib module: shutdown
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigaction
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigaction.html
Gnulib module: sigaction
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
SIG_IGN
for the SIGCHLD
signal is equivalent
to a signal handler
void handle_child (int sigchld) { while (waitpid (-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0) ; }
except that SIG_IGN
for SIGCHLD
has the effect that the children
execution times are not accounted in the times
function.
On some platforms (BSD? SystemV? Linux?), you need to use the sigaction
flag SA_NOCLDWAIT
in order to obtain this behavior.
sigaddset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigaddset.html
Gnulib module: sigprocmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigaltstack
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigaltstack.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigaltstack
doesn’t work on HP-UX 11/IA-64 and
OpenBSD 3.6/Sparc64.
ss_sp
member of stack_t
as
the upper bound instead of the lower bound of the alternate stack on
some platforms:
IRIX 6.5
sigdelset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigdelset.html
Gnulib module: sigprocmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigemptyset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigemptyset.html
Gnulib module: sigprocmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigfillset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigfillset.html
Gnulib module: sigprocmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sighold
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sighold.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigignore
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigignore.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
siginterrupt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/siginterrupt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: POSIX recommends using sigaction
with SA_RESTART instead of
siginterrupt (sig, 0)
.
sigismember
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigismember.html
Gnulib module: sigprocmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
siglongjmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/siglongjmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
signal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/signal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigaction
instead of
signal
.
signbit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/signbit.html
Gnulib module: signbit
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
signgam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/signgam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigpause
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigpause.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sigpause-3.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigpending
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigpending.html
Gnulib module: sigprocmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigprocmask
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigprocmask.html
Gnulib module: sigprocmask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: Although sigprocmask
officially has undefined behaviour in
multi-threaded programs, in practice it is essentially equivalent to
pthread_sigmask
, with only a difference regarding the error
return convention. It’s simpler to use sigprocmask
, since it does
not require linking with -lpthread
on some platforms:
glibc, NetBSD, OpenBSD, AIX, IRIX.
sigqueue
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigqueue.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigrelse
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigrelse.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigset.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigsetjmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigsetjmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigsuspend
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigsuspend.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigtimedwait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigtimedwait.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigwaitinfo
does; other platforms may not do the same.
sigwait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigwait.html
Gnulib module: extensions
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigwaitinfo
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sigwaitinfo.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sin
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sin.html
Gnulib module: sin
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sinf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sinf.html
Gnulib module: sinf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sinh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sinh.html
Gnulib module: sinh
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sinhf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sinhf.html
Gnulib module: sinhf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sinhl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sinhl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sinl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sinl.html
Gnulib module: sinl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sleep
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sleep.html
Gnulib module: sleep
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
void
on some
platforms:
mingw (2005 and older).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sleep
function may interfere with the program’s
use of the SIGALRM
signal. On Linux, it doesn’t; on other platforms,
it may.
snprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/snprintf.html
Gnulib module: snprintf or snprintf-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module snprintf
or snprintf-posix
:
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module snprintf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
sockatmark
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sockatmark.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
socket
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/socket.html
Gnulib module: socket
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
socket
function cannot be used in calls to read
,
write
, and close
; you have to use recv
, send
,
closesocket
in these cases instead.
errno
, and WSAGetLastError
must be used
instead.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
socketpair
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/socketpair.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sprintf.html
Gnulib module: sprintf-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, MSVC 14.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
sqrt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sqrt.html
Gnulib module: sqrt
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sqrtf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sqrtf.html
Gnulib module: sqrtf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sqrtl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sqrtl.html
Gnulib module: sqrtl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
srand
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/srand.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
srand48
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/srand48.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
srandom
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/srandom.html
Gnulib module: random
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
unsigned long
instead of unsigned int
on some
platforms:
MidnightBSD 2.0.
sscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sscanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
hh
, ll
, j
,
t
, z
size specifiers.
stat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/stat.html
Gnulib module: stat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, stat
may not correctly
report the size of files or block devices larger than 2 GB.
(Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
st_atime
, st_ctime
, st_mtime
fields are affected by
the current time zone and by the DST flag of the current time zone on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14 (when the environment variable TZ
is set).
ENOENT
on files such as ‘C:\pagefile.sys’ and
on directories such as ‘C:\System Volume Information’.
stat("link-to-file/",buf)
succeeds instead
of failing with ENOTDIR
.
macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 7.2, AIX 7.1, Solaris 9, mingw64.
stat(".",buf)
and stat("./",buf)
give
different results:
mingw, MSVC 14.
tv_sec
value, tv_nsec
might be in the range
−1000000000..−1, representing a negative nanoseconds
offset from tv_sec
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
struct stat
.
stat
function sometimes sets errno
to EACCES
when
ENOENT
would be more appropriate.
struct stat
, it is not possible to
portably replace stat
via an object-like macro. Therefore,
expressions such as (islnk ? lstat : stat) (name, buf)
are not
portable, and should instead be written islnk ? lstat (name,
buf) : stat (name, buf)
.
statvfs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/statvfs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
f_blocks
in ‘struct statvfs’ is a 32-bit
value, this function may not work correctly on files systems larger than
4 TiB. The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro. This affects
glibc/Hurd, HP-UX 11, Solaris.
Gnulib provides a module fsusage
that provides similar information
as statvfs
.
stderr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/stderr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ftello
module and do
ftello(stderr).
stderr
can affect an unrelated file that happened to be assigned to fd 2.
The gnulib *-safer modules may be used to guarantee that fd 2 stays
reserved for stderr
.
stdin
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/stdin.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
stdin
can affect an unrelated file that happened to be assigned to fd 0.
The gnulib *-safer modules may be used to guarantee that fd 0 stays
reserved for stdin
.
stdout
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/stdout.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ftello
module and do
ftello(stdout).
stdout
can affect an unrelated file that happened to be assigned to fd 1.
The gnulib *-safer modules may be used to guarantee that fd 1 stays
reserved for stdout
.
stpcpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/stpcpy.html
Gnulib module: stpcpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
stpncpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/stpncpy.html
Gnulib module: stpncpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strcasecmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strcasecmp.html
Gnulib module: strcase
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbscasecmp
that does a case
insensitive comparison of character strings and that works in all locales.
strcasecmp_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strcasecmp_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strcat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strcat.html
Gnulib module: string
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strchr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strchr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbschr
that works on
character strings in all locales.
strcmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strcmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strcoll
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strcoll.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to EILSEQ
, on Solaris 10, in
UTF-8 locales, when at least one of the strings contains a Unicode character
in a block that was not assigned in Unicode 4.0.
strcoll_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strcoll_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strcpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strcpy.html
Gnulib module: string
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: strcpy (dst, src)
is only safe to use when you can guarantee that
there are at least strlen (src) + 1
bytes allocated at dst
.
strcspn
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strcspn.html
Gnulib module: strcspn
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbscspn
that works on character
strings in all locales.
strdup
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strdup.html
Gnulib module: strdup or strdup-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module strdup
or strdup-posix
:
<string.h>
on some old platforms.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module strdup-posix
:
errno
to ENOMEM
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strerror
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strerror.html
Gnulib module: strerror
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
strerror(0)
(by setting
errno
or using a string similar to out-of-range values),
although POSIX requires this to leave errno
unchanged and
report success, on some platforms:
FreeBSD 8.2, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 4.7, macOS 11.1.
strerror
without setting and testing
errno
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strerror_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strerror_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strerror_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strerror_r.html
LSB specification:
Gnulib module: strerror_r-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
char *s = (strerror_r (err, buf, buflen) == 0 ? buf : NULL);
is essentially equivalent to this code using the glibc function:
char *s = strerror_r (err, buf, buflen);
strerror
buffer on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
<string.h>
on some platforms:
glibc 2.8.
int
instead of size_t
on some
platforms:
AIX 5.1.
errno
, instead of
returning the error number, on some platforms:
glibc 2.12 with -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200112L
, AIX 6.1.
errno
, on some platforms:
Solaris 10.
<errno.h>
on
some platforms:
MSVC 14.
strerror_r(0, buf, len)
,
although POSIX requires this to succeed, on some platforms:
FreeBSD 8.2.
0
than
strerror
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strfmon
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strfmon.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strfmon_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strfmon_l.html
Gnulib module: strfmon_l
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strfromd
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strfromf
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strfroml
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strftime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strftime.html
Gnulib module: strftime-fixes
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
has been set by Cygwin.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tzset
.
Extension: Gnulib offers a module ‘nstrftime’ that provides an
nstrftime
function with various GNU extensions.
strftime_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strftime_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strlen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strlen.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strncasecmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strncasecmp.html
Gnulib module: strcase
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbsncasecmp
and mbspcasecmp
that do a case insensitive comparison of character strings and that work in all
locales.
strncasecmp_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strncasecmp_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strncat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strncat.html
Gnulib module: strncat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strncmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strncmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strncpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strncpy.html
Gnulib module: string
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function was designed for the use-case of filling a fixed-size record with a string, before writing it to a file. This function is not appropriate for copying a string into a bounded memory area, because you have no guarantee that the result will be NUL-terminated. Even if you add the NUL byte at the end yourself, this function is inefficient (as it spends time clearing unused memory) and will allow silent truncation to occur, which is not a good behavior for GNU programs. For more details, see https://meyering.net/crusade-to-eliminate-strncpy/.
strndup
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strndup.html
Gnulib module: strndup
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strnlen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strnlen.html
Gnulib module: strnlen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strpbrk
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strpbrk.html
Gnulib module: strpbrk
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbspbrk
that works on character
strings in all locales.
strptime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strptime.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-strptime-3.html
Gnulib module: strptime
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strrchr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strrchr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbsrchr
that works
on character strings in all locales.
strsignal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strsignal.html
Gnulib module: strsignal
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
unistd.h
instead of
string.h
on some platforms:
NetBSD 5.0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
const char *
instead of char *
on
some platforms:
cygwin 1.5.25.
strspn
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strspn.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbsspn
that works on character
strings in all locales.
strstr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strstr.html
Gnulib module: strstr or strstr-simple
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module strstr-simple
or strstr
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib strstr
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbsstr
that works
on character strings in all locales.
strtod
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtod.html
Gnulib module: strtod or strtod-obsolete
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module strtod
or strtod-obsolete
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module strtod-obsolete
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtof
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtof.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoimax
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtoimax.html
Gnulib module: strtoimax
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtok
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtok.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtok_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtok_r.html
Gnulib module: strtok_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mbstok_r
that works on character
strings in all locales.
strtol
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtol.html
Gnulib module: strtol
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
"0x"
and the base is 16 or 0 on some platforms:
Minix 3.3, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtold
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtold.html
Gnulib module: strtold
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
long double
, on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.31/hppa.
errno
upon underflow on some platforms:
Cygwin 2.9.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoll
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtoll.html
Gnulib module: strtoll
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
"0x"
and the base is 16 or 0 on some platforms:
Minix 3.3, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoul
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtoul.html
Gnulib module: strtoul
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
"0x"
and the base is 16 or 0 on some platforms:
Minix 3.3, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoull
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtoull.html
Gnulib module: strtoull
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
"0x"
and the base is 16 or 0 on some platforms:
Minix 3.3, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoumax
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strtoumax.html
Gnulib module: strtoumax
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strxfrm
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strxfrm.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strxfrm_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/strxfrm_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
swab
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/swab.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
swprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/swprintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, MSVC 14.
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
swscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/swscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-swscanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
symlink
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/symlink.html
Gnulib module: symlink
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
symlink(value,"name/")
mistakenly creates a
symlink:
macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 7.2, AIX 7.1, Solaris 9.
EPERM
:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
symlinkat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/symlinkat.html
Gnulib module: symlinkat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
stdio.h
instead of
unistd.h
:
Cygwin 1.7.1.
symlinkat(value, fd, "name/")
mistakenly creates a
symlink:
macOS 11.1, AIX 7.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sync
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sync.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sysconf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sysconf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sysconf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
syslog
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/syslog.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
system
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/system.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-system-3.html
Gnulib module: system-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
WIFSIGNALED
, WIFEXITED
, WIFSTOPPED
,
WTERMSIG
, WEXITSTATUS
, WNOHANG
, WUNTRACED
,
WSTOPSIG
are not defined in <stdlib.h>
(only in
<sys/wait.h>
) on some platforms:
MirBSD 10.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
system
function is cmd.exe, not /bin/sh. Accordingly,
the rules for quoting shell arguments containing spaces, quote or other special
characters are different.
tan
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tan.html
Gnulib module: tan
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tanf.html
Gnulib module: tanf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tanh
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tanh.html
Gnulib module: tanh
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tanhf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tanhf.html
Gnulib module: tanhf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tanhl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tanhl.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tanl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tanl.html
Gnulib module: tanl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcdrain
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcdrain.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcdrain
on a non-tty fails with errno
set to
EINVAL
or, on Mac OS X, also EOPNOTSUPP
or ENODEV
, rather
than ENOTTY
.
tcflow
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcflow.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcflush
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcflush.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcflush
of TCIFLUSH
on a non-tty fails with
errno set to EINVAL
rather than ENOTTY
.
tcflush
of TCOFLUSH
on a non-tty fails with
errno set to EINVAL
or, on IRIX, also ENOSYS
, or, on Mac OS X,
also EOPNOTSUPP
or ENODEV
, rather than ENOTTY
.
tcgetattr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcgetattr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcgetpgrp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcgetpgrp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcgetsid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcgetsid.html
Gnulib module: tcgetsid
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcsendbreak
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcsendbreak.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcsetattr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcsetattr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tcsetpgrp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcsetpgrp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tdelete
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tdelete.html
Gnulib module: tsearch
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
tdelete
returns NULL
when removing the last element of a tree
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
telldir
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/telldir.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
long int
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use
the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro (only on Mac OS X systems).
tempnam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tempnam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkstemp
instead.
tfind
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tfind.html
Gnulib module: tsearch
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tgamma
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tgamma.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tgammaf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tgammaf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tgammal
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tgammal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_create
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread-Management.html.
Gnulib module: thrd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_start_t
on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_current
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread-Management.html.
Gnulib module: thrd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_detach
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread-Management.html.
Gnulib module: thrd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_equal
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread-Management.html.
Gnulib module: thrd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_exit
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread-Management.html.
Gnulib module: thrd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_join
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread-Management.html.
Gnulib module: thrd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_sleep
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread-Management.html.
Gnulib module: thrd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
thrd_yield
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread-Management.html.
Gnulib module: thrd
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
time
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/time.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
timer_create
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/timer_create.html
Gnulib module: timer-time
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.9.
timer_delete
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/timer_delete.html
Gnulib module: timer-time
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.9.
timer_getoverrun
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/timer_getoverrun.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
timer_gettime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/timer_gettime.html
Gnulib module: timer-time
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.9.
timer_settime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/timer_settime.html
Gnulib module: timer-time
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
on some platforms:
OpenBSD 4.9.
times
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/times.html
Gnulib module: times
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tms_cutime
and tms_cstime
will always be
0 when the module is used.
timezone
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/timezone.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tzset
.
A more portable way of getting the UTC offset is to use
strftime
with the %z
format. See strftime
.
tmpfile
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tmpfile.html
Gnulib module: tmpfile
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, tmpfile
may not work
correctly to create files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tmpnam
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tmpnam.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkstemp
instead.
toascii
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/toascii.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tolower
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tolower.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
tolower_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tolower_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
totalorder
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Comparison-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
totalorderf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Comparison-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
totalorderl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Comparison-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
totalordermag
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Comparison-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
totalordermagf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Comparison-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
totalordermagl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/FP-Comparison-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
toupper
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/toupper.html
Gnulib module: ctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
toupper_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/toupper_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
towctrans
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/towctrans.html
Gnulib module: towctrans
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
towctrans_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/towctrans_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
towlower
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/towlower.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
towlower_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/towlower_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
towupper
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/towupper.html
Gnulib module: wctype-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
towupper_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/towupper_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
trunc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/trunc.html
Gnulib module: trunc or trunc-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module trunc
or trunc-ieee
:
-D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc 2.8.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module trunc-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
truncate
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/truncate.html
Gnulib module: truncate
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
in effect.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function is not
applicable to arbitrary lengths for files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to
use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
truncf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/truncf.html
Gnulib module: truncf or truncf-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module truncf
or truncf-ieee
:
-D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc 2.8.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module truncf-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
truncl
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/truncl.html
Gnulib module: truncl or truncl-ieee
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module truncl
or truncl-ieee
:
-D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc 2.8.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module truncl-ieee
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tsearch
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tsearch.html
Gnulib module: tsearch
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tss_create
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread_002dlocal-Storage.html.
Gnulib module: tss
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tss_delete
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread_002dlocal-Storage.html.
Gnulib module: tss
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tss_get
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread_002dlocal-Storage.html.
Gnulib module: tss
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tss_set
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/ISO-C-Thread_002dlocal-Storage.html.
Gnulib module: tss
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ttyname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ttyname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ttyname_r
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ttyname_r.html
Gnulib module: ttyname_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
_REENTRANT
is defined,
on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.
_POSIX_PTHREAD_SEMANTICS
is not defined).
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
twalk
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/twalk.html
Gnulib module: tsearch
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tzname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tzname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tzset
.
A more portable way of getting the time zone abbreviation is to use
strftime
with the %Z
format. See strftime
.
tzset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tzset.html
Gnulib module: tzset
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
has been set by Cygwin.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
environment variable,
consisting of a time zone abbreviation containing exactly three ASCII
letters with no daylight saving time or angle brackets, and with no
support for tz
database settings like
TZ='America/New_York'
. Even this subset does not work on
applications built via the Universal Windows Platform, as it does not
make environment variables like TZ
available to applications.
TZ
values,
as this feature was added in IEEE Std 1003.1-2001.
ufromfp
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ufromfpf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ufromfpl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ufromfpx
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ufromfpxf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ufromfpxl
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Rounding-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ulimit
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ulimit.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
umask
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/umask.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
uname
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/uname.html
Gnulib module: uname
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ungetc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ungetc.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
ungetwc
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ungetwc.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
unlink
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/unlink.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-unlink-3.html
Gnulib module: unlink
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<stdio.h>
)
on some platforms:
MSVC 14.
unlink("link-to-file/")
:
GNU/Hurd, FreeBSD 7.2, AIX 7.1, Solaris 9.
unlink("..")
succeeds
without doing anything.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EPERM
. Meanwhile, if a process
has the ability to unlink directories, POSIX requires that
unlink("symlink-to-dir/")
remove dir and leave
symlink-to-dir dangling; this behavior is counter-intuitive.
The gnulib module unlinkdir
can help determine whether code must be
cautious of unlinking directories.
unlinkat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/unlinkat.html
Gnulib module: unlinkat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<fcntl.h>
, not in <unistd.h>
,
on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.1, Android 4.3.
unlinkat(fd, "..", 0)
succeeds
without doing anything.
unlinkat(fd,"file/",flag)
:
GNU/Hurd, Solaris 9.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
unlinkat(fd,name,AT_REMOVEDIR)
fails because the specified
directory is not empty, the errno
value is system dependent.
unlinkdir(fd,"link-to-empty/",AT_REMOVEDIR)
remove empty and leave link-to-empty as a dangling
symlink. This is counter-intuitive, so some systems fail with
ENOTDIR
instead:
glibc
EPERM
. Meanwhile, if a process
has the ability to unlink directories, POSIX requires that
unlinkat(fd,"symlink-to-dir/",0)
remove dir and leave
symlink-to-dir dangling; this behavior is counter-intuitive.
The gnulib module unlinkdir
can help determine whether code must be
cautious of unlinking directories.
unlockpt
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/unlockpt.html
Gnulib module: unlockpt
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
unsetenv
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/unsetenv.html
Gnulib module: unsetenv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
unsetenv(NULL)
gracefully
fail with EINVAL
, but not all implementations guarantee this,
and the requirement was removed.
uselocale
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/uselocale.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setlocale
invocations on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
locale_t
type is not defined
on some platforms:
z/OS.
locale_t
type contains basically
no information on some platforms:
OpenBSD 6.3.
utime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/utime.html
Gnulib module: utime
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
is set).
utime
omits const
for the second argument:
mingw, MSVC 14.
utime("link-to-file/",buf)
succeeds instead
of failing with ENOTDIR
.
macOS 11.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
utimensat(AT_FDCWD,file,times,0)
, or the gnulib module utimens
,
instead.
utimensat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/utimensat.html
Gnulib module: utimensat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
on some platforms:
Linux kernel 2.6.21.
ENOSYS
if passed the flag
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
on a regular file:
Linux kernel 2.6.22.
UTIME_OMIT
or UTIME_NOW
, some systems require
the tv_sec
argument to be 0, and don’t necessarily handle all
file permissions in the manner required by POSIX:
Linux kernel 2.6.25.
UTIME_OMIT
for the modification time, but specifying
an access time, some systems fail to update the change time:
Linux kernel 2.6.32, macOS 11.1, NetBSD 9.0, Solaris 11.1.
tv_nsec
do not lead to a failure on some
platforms:
Linux kernel 2.6.22.19 on hppa.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ENOSYS
if passed the flag
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
on a symlink.
lstat
modifies the access time of
symlinks on some platforms, so utimensat
with
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
can only effectively change modification time:
Cygwin.
stat
modifies the access time of
directories on some platforms, so utimensat
can only
effectively change directory modification time:
Cygwin 1.5.x.
The gnulib module fdutimensat
provides a similar interface.
utimes
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/utimes.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
utimensat(AT_FDCWD,file,times,0)
, or the gnulib module utimens
,
instead.
utimes (file, NULL)
fails to set the
file’s timestamp to the current time:
glibc 2.3.3.
utimes
failed on read-only files when
utime
worked fine.
glibc 2.2.5.
Extension: Gnulib provides a module ‘utimens’ that works around these problems and allows to set the time with nanosecond resolution (as far as supported by the file system).
va_arg
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/va_arg.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
va_arg
must be a type that is invariant under
the “default argument promotions” (ISO C 99 6.5.2.2 paragraph 6). This
means that the following are not valid here:
Use ‘double’ instead.
Use ‘int’ instead.
Use ‘int’ or ‘unsigned int’ instead.
This is a portability problem because you don’t know the width of some
abstract types like uid_t
, gid_t
, mode_t
. So, instead of
mode = va_arg (ap, mode_t);
you have to write
mode = (sizeof (mode_t) < sizeof (int) ? va_arg (ap, int) : va_arg (ap, mode_t));
va_copy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/va_copy.html
Gnulib module: stdarg
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
va_end
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/va_end.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
va_start
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/va_start.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
vdprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vdprintf.html
Gnulib module: vdprintf or vdprintf-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module vdprintf
or vdprintf-posix
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module vdprintf-posix
:
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
Solaris 11.4.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Solaris 11.4.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
vfprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vfprintf.html
Gnulib module: vfprintf-posix or stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module vfprintf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, MSVC 14.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
or vfprintf-posix
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
or vfprintf-posix
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
EOF
but
does not set the error flag for ferror
on some platforms:
glibc 2.13, cygwin 1.7.9.
vfscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vfscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-vfscanf.html
Gnulib module: vfscanf, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module vfscanf
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
hh
, ll
, j
,
t
, z
size specifiers.
vfwprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vfwprintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
vfwscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vfwscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-vfwscanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
vprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vprintf.html
Gnulib module: vprintf-posix or stdio, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module vprintf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, MSVC 14.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
or vprintf-posix
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
or vprintf-posix
, together with module sigpipe
:
SIGPIPE
handler, on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
EOF
but
does not set the error flag for ferror
on some platforms:
glibc 2.13, cygwin 1.7.9.
vscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-vscanf.html
Gnulib module: vscanf, nonblocking
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module vscanf
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to EINVAL
instead of EAGAIN
on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
hh
, ll
, j
,
t
, z
size specifiers.
vsnprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vsnprintf.html
Gnulib module: vsnprintf or vsnprintf-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module vsnprintf
or vsnprintf-posix
:
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module vsnprintf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, HP-UX 11, mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
vsprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vsprintf.html
Gnulib module: vsprintf-posix
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.4, mingw, MSVC 14.
_FORTIFY_SOURCE >= 2
(set by default on Ubuntu),
macOS 11.1, MSVC 14.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes, or wrong capitalization) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
vsscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vsscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-vsscanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
upon failure.
hh
, ll
, j
,
t
, z
size specifiers.
vswprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vswprintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
vswscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vswscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-vswscanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
vwprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vwprintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
vwscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/vwscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-vwscanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wait
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wait.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
waitid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/waitid.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
waitid
with flag WNOWAIT
works correctly.
waitpid
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/waitpid.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-waitpid-3.html
Gnulib module: waitpid
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wcpcpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcpcpy.html
Gnulib module: wcpcpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
-D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc 2.13.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcpncpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcpncpy.html
Gnulib module: wcpncpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
-D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc 2.13.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcrtomb
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcrtomb.html
Gnulib module: wcrtomb
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the ISO C11 function c32rtomb
, provided by Gnulib module
c32rtomb
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not have
this limitation.
wcscasecmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcscasecmp.html
Gnulib module: wcscasecmp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcscasecmp_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcscasecmp_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcscat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcscat.html
Gnulib module: wcscat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcschr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcschr.html
Gnulib module: wcschr
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcscmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcscmp.html
Gnulib module: wcscmp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcscoll
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcscoll.html
Gnulib module: wcscoll
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcscoll_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcscoll_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcscpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcscpy.html
Gnulib module: wcscpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
Note: wcscpy (dst, src)
is only safe to use when you can guarantee that
there are at least wcslen (src) + 1
wide characters allocated at
dst
.
wcscspn
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcscspn.html
Gnulib module: wcscspn
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsdup
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsdup.html
Gnulib module: wcsdup
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsftime
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsftime.html
Gnulib module: wcsftime
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
has been set by Cygwin.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
tzset
.
wcslen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcslen.html
Gnulib module: wcslen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsncasecmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsncasecmp.html
Gnulib module: wcsncasecmp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsncasecmp_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsncasecmp_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsncat
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsncat.html
Gnulib module: wcsncat
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsncmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsncmp.html
Gnulib module: wcsncmp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsncpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsncpy.html
Gnulib module: wcsncpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore
cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
Note: This function has no real use: It cannot be used for filling a fixed-size record with a wide string, before writing it to a file, because the wide string encoding is platform dependent and, on some platforms, also locale dependent. And this function is not appropriate for copying a wide string into a bounded memory area, because you have no guarantee that the result will be null-terminated. Even if you add the null character at the end yourself, this function is inefficient (as it spends time clearing unused memory) and will allow silent truncation to occur, which is not a good behavior for GNU programs.
wcsnlen
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsnlen.html
Gnulib module: wcsnlen
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsnrtombs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsnrtombs.html
Gnulib module: wcsnrtombs
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<wchar.h>
defines std::wcsnrtombs
but
not ::wcsnrtombs
on some platforms:
Solaris 11 OpenIndiana.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32snrtombs
, provided by Gnulib module
c32snrtombs
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
wcspbrk
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcspbrk.html
Gnulib module: wcspbrk
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsrchr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsrchr.html
Gnulib module: wcsrchr
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsrtombs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsrtombs.html
Gnulib module: wcsrtombs
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32srtombs
, provided by Gnulib module
c32srtombs
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
wcsspn
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsspn.html
Gnulib module: wcsspn
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsstr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsstr.html
Gnulib module: wcsstr
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstod
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstod.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstof
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstof.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstoimax
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstoimax.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstok
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstok.html
Gnulib module: wcstok
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
wcstok
iteration loops are being performed
in the same thread, on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.31.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstol
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstol.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstold
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstold.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstoll
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstoll.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstombs
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstombs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32stombs
, provided by Gnulib module
c32stombs
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not
have this limitation.
wcstoul
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstoul.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstoull
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstoull.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstoumax
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcstoumax.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcswidth
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcswidth.html
Gnulib module: wcswidth
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsxfrm
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsxfrm.html
Gnulib module: wcsxfrm
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsxfrm_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcsxfrm_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wctob
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wctob.html
Gnulib module: wctob
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and
therefore cannot accommodate all Unicode characters.
However, the Gnulib function c32tob
, provided by Gnulib module
c32tob
, operates on 32-bit wide characters and therefore does not have
this limitation.
wctomb
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wctomb.html
Gnulib module: wctomb
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wctrans
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wctrans.html
Gnulib module: wctrans
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wctrans_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wctrans_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wctype
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wctype.html
Gnulib module: wctype
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<wchar.h>
, not in <wctype.h>
, on
some platforms:
HP-UX 11.00.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wctype_l
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wctype_l.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcwidth
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wcwidth.html
Gnulib module: wcwidth
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
-D_GNU_SOURCE
) on some platforms:
glibc 2.8.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wmemchr
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wmemchr.html
Gnulib module: wmemchr
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wmemcmp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wmemcmp.html
Gnulib module: wmemcmp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wmemcpy
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wmemcpy.html
Gnulib module: wmemcpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wmemmove
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wmemmove.html
Gnulib module: wmemmove
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wmemset
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wmemset.html
Gnulib module: wmemset
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wordexp
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wordexp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
wordfree
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wordfree.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wprintf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wprintf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
errno
or the
stream error indicator on attempts to write to a read-only stream:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
write
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/write.html
Gnulib module: write, nonblocking, sigpipe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module write
:
<io.h>
)
on some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module nonblocking
:
errno
being set to ENOSPC
instead of EAGAIN
on some
platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module stdio
, together with module sigpipe
:
EINVAL
, instead of obeying the current SIGPIPE
handler, on
some platforms:
mingw, MSVC 14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EINTR
, even in programs that don’t
install any signal handlers, on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
For handling EINTR
, Gnulib provides a module ‘safe-write’ with a
function safe_write
.
writev
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/writev.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wscanf
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/wscanf.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-wscanf.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
y0
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/y0.html
Gnulib module: y0
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
y1
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/y1.html
Gnulib module: y1
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yn
POSIX specification:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/yn.html
Gnulib module: yn
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
This chapter describes which functions and function-like macros specified by older versions of POSIX are substituted by Gnulib, which portability pitfalls are fixed by Gnulib, and which (known) portability problems are not worked around by Gnulib.
The notation “Gnulib module: —” means that Gnulib does not provide a
module providing a substitute for the function. When the list
“Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib” is empty, such a module is
not needed: No portability problems are known. Otherwise, it indicates
that such a module would be useful but is not available: No one so far
found this function important enough to contribute a substitute for it.
If you need this particular function, you may write to
<bug-gnulib at gnu dot org>
.
bcmp
bcopy
bsd_signal
bzero
ecvt
fcvt
ftime
gcvt
getcontext
gethostbyaddr
gethostbyname
getwd
h_errno
index
makecontext
mktemp
pthread_attr_getstackaddr
pthread_attr_setstackaddr
rindex
scalb
setcontext
swapcontext
ualarm
usleep
vfork
wcswcs
bcmp
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/bcmp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memcmp
instead.
bcopy
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/bcopy.html
Gnulib module: bcopy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memcpy
or memmove
instead.
bsd_signal
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/bsd_signal.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
bzero
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/bzero.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memset
instead.
ecvt
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/ecvt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sprintf
instead.
fcvt
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcvt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sprintf
instead.
ftime
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/ftime.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
TZ
has been set by Cygwin.
gettimeofday
or clock_gettime
instead, and use ftime
only as a fallback for
portability to Windows platforms.
gcvt
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/gcvt.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sprintf
instead.
getcontext
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/getcontext.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostbyaddr
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/gethostbyaddr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostbyname
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/gethostbyname.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getwd
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/getwd.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getcwd
function instead.
h_errno
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/h_errno.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
index
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/index.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strchr
instead.
makecontext
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/makecontext.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mktemp
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/mktemp.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkstemp
instead.
pthread_attr_getstackaddr
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/pthread_attr_getstackaddr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setstackaddr
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/pthread_attr_setstackaddr.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rindex
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/rindex.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strrchr
instead.
scalb
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/scalb.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setcontext
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/setcontext.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
swapcontext
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/swapcontext.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ualarm
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/ualarm.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
usleep
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/usleep.html
Gnulib module: usleep
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
usleep
rejects attempts to sleep longer than 1
second, as allowed by POSIX:
NetBSD 9.0, mingw.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
usleep
function may interfere with the program’s
use of the SIGALRM
signal. On Linux, it doesn’t; on other platforms,
it may.
vfork
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/vfork.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wcswcs
POSIX specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/wcswcs.html
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsstr
instead.
This chapter describes which header files contained in GNU libc but not specified by ISO C or POSIX are substituted by Gnulib, which portability pitfalls are fixed by Gnulib, and which (known) portability problems are not worked around by Gnulib.
The notation “Gnulib module: —” means that Gnulib does not provide a
module providing a substitute for the header file. When the list
“Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib” is empty, such a module is
not needed: No portability problems are known. Otherwise, it indicates
that such a module would be useful but is not available: No one so far
found this header file important enough to contribute a substitute for it.
If you need this particular header file, you may write to
<bug-gnulib at gnu dot org>
.
Describes the structure of executables (and object files?) in the old
a.out
format.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct aliasent
and declares the functions
setaliasent
, endaliasent
,
getaliasent
, getaliasent_r
,
getaliasbyname
, getaliasbyname_r
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Declares the alloca
function of function-like macro.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: alloca
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Describes the structure of files produced by the ‘ar’ program.
Defines the type struct ar_hdr
and the macros ARMAG
,
SARMAG
, ARFMAG
.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the functions or function-like macros bswap_16
, bswap_32
,
bswap_64
.
Gnulib module: byteswap
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct crypt_data
and declares the functions
crypt
, crypt_r
,
setkey
, setkey_r
,
encrypt
, encrypt_r
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
crypt
, setkey
, encrypt
are missing on some
platforms:
HP-UX 11.
struct crypt_data
and the functions crypt_r
,
setkey_r
, encrypt_r
are missing on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin.
Describe’s the platform’s endianness (byte ordering of words stored in memory).
Defines the macros BYTE_ORDER
, LITTLE_ENDIAN
, BIG_ENDIAN
,
PDP_ENDIAN
.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Declares the functions
warn
, vwarn
, warnx
, vwarnx
,
err
, verr
, errx
, verrx
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Declares the functions error
, error_at_line
and the variables
error_print_progname
, error_message_count
,
error_one_per_line
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: error
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Declares the functions backtrace
, backtrace_symbols
,
backtrace_symbols_fd
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Handling of the FPU control word. Defines the fpu_control_t
type,
declares the __fpu_control
variable, and defines the _FPU_GETCW
,
_FPU_SETCW
macros.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct fstab
, the macros FSTAB_*
,
_PATH_FSTAB
, and declares the functions
setfsent
, endfsent
,
getfsent
, getfsspec
, getfsfile
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
_PATH_FSTAB
is missing on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.
Defines the types FTS
, FTSENT
and the macros FTS_*
,
and declares the functions fts_open
, fts_read
,
fts_children
, fts_set
, fts_close
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct option
and declares the variables
optarg
, optind
, opterr
, optopt
and the functions getopt
, getopt_long
, getopt_long_only
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getopt-gnu
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
getopt_long
is missing on some platforms:
IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9.
getopt_long_only
is missing on some platforms:
FreeBSD 5.2.1, NetBSD 9.0, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, mingw.
getopt
does not handle a leading ‘+’ character in
the options string on some platforms:
Solaris 11 2010-11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct sgrp
and declares the functions
setsgent
, endsgent
, getsgent
, getsgnam
,
sgetsgent
, fgetsgent
, putsgent
,
getsgent_r
, getsgnam_r
, sgetsgent_r
, fgetsgent_r
.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the types union ieee754_float
, union ieee754_double
,
union ieee854_long_double
.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
long
double
and does not work on some platforms.
Defines the type struct ifaddrs
and declares the functions
getifaddrs
, freeifaddrs
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the macros __USE_GNU_GETTEXT
,
__GNU_GETTEXT_SUPPORTED_REVISION
, and declares the functions
gettext
, dgettext
, dcgettext
,
ngettext
, dngettext
, dcngettext
,
textdomain
, bindtextdomain
, bind_textdomain_codeset
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: gettext
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib, if GNU gettext is installed:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct dl_phdr_info
, and declares the function
dl_iterate_phdr
.
Documentation: —
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Declares the function memalign
and functions for customizing the
malloc
behavior.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: malloc-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type enum mcheck_status
and declares the functions
mcheck
, mcheck_pedantic
, mcheck_check_all
, mprobe
,
mtrace
, muntrace
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct mntent
and the macros MNTTAB
,
MOUNTED
, MNTTYPE_*
, MNTOPT_*
, and declares the functions
setmntent
, getmntent
, getmntent_r
, addmntent
,
endmntent
, hasmntopt
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getmntent_r
is missing on all non-glibc platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Cygwin, Android 9.0.
Gnulib module mountlist
provides a higher-level abstraction.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: obstack
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the macros _PATH_*
.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
_PATH_*
macros is platform dependent.
Defines the type struct printf_info
and the macros and enum values
PA_*
, and declares the functions
printf_function
, printf_arginfo_function
,
register_printf_function
, parse_printf_format
,
printf_size
, printf_size_info
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Declares the functions openpty
and forkpty
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: pty
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
forkpty
and openpty
functions in util.h
or
libutil.h
instead:
macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 13.0, NetBSD 9.0, OpenBSD 6.7.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the types res_sendhookact
, res_send_qhook
,
res_send_rhook
, res_state
, struct res_sym
and the
macros _PATH_RESCONF
, RES_*
, and declares the functions
fp_nquery
, fp_query
,
hostalias
,
p_query
,
res_close
, res_init
, res_isourserver
,
res_mkquery
, res_query
, res_querydomain
,
res_search
, res_send
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct spwd
and declares the functions
setspent
, endspent
,
getspent
, getspent_r
,
getspnam
, getspnam_r
,
sgetspent
, sgetspent_r
,
fgetspent
, fgetspent_r
,
putspent
,
lckpwdf
, ulckpwdf
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getspent_r
, getspnam_r
, sgetspent_r
,
fgetspent
, fgetspent_r
, putspent
are missing on some
platforms:
HP-UX 11.
sgetspent
, sgetspent_r
are missing on some
platforms:
HP-UX 11, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4.
Declares the function ioctl
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: sys_ioctl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
ioctl
function on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, Solaris 11.4, Haiku 2017.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Declares the function getrandom
and the flags for it.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: sys_random
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the EX_*
macros, including EX_OK
.
Gnulib module: sysexits
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
EX_*
macros if _BSD_SOURCE
is not
defined on some platforms:
Haiku.
EX_CONFIG
is missing on some platforms:
HP-UX 11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Defines the type struct ttyent
and declares the functions
setttyent
, endttyent
, getttyent
, getttynam
.
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
This chapter describes which functions and function-like macros provided as extensions by at least GNU libc are also supported by Gnulib, which portability pitfalls are fixed by Gnulib, and which (known) portability problems are not worked around by Gnulib.
The notation “Gnulib module: —” means that Gnulib does not provide a
module providing a substitute for the function. When the list
“Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib” is empty, such a module is
not needed: No portability problems are known. Otherwise, it indicates
that such a module would be useful but is not available: No one so far
found this function important enough to contribute a substitute for it.
If you need this particular function, you may write to
<bug-gnulib at gnu dot org>
.
This list of functions is sorted according to the header that declares them.
<aio.h>
<aliases.h>
<argp.h>
<argz.h>
<arpa/inet.h>
<byteswap.h>
<complex.h>
<ctype.h>
<dirent.h>
<dlfcn.h>
<envz.h>
<err.h>
<errno.h>
<error.h>
<execinfo.h>
<fcntl.h>
<fenv.h>
<fmtmsg.h>
<fstab.h>
<fts.h>
<getopt.h>
<glob.h>
<gnu/libc-version.h>
<grp.h>
<gshadow.h>
<ifaddrs.h>
<libintl.h>
<link.h>
<malloc.h>
<math.h>
<mcheck.h>
<mntent.h>
<netdb.h>
<netinet/ether.h>
<netinet/in.h>
<obstack.h>
<poll.h>
<printf.h>
<pthread.h>
<pty.h>
<pwd.h>
<regex.h>
<regexp.h>
<resolv.h>
<rpc/auth.h>
<rpc/auth_des.h>
<rpc/auth_unix.h>
<rpc/clnt.h>
<rpc/key_prot.h>
<rpc/netdb.h>
<rpc/pmap_clnt.h>
<rpc/pmap_prot.h>
<rpc/pmap_rmt.h>
<rpc/rpc_msg.h>
<rpc/svc.h>
<rpc/xdr.h>
<rpcsvc/nislib.h>
<rpcsvc/nis_callback.h>
<rpcsvc/yp.h>
<rpcsvc/ypclnt.h>
<sched.h>
<search.h>
<selinux/selinux.h>
<semaphore.h>
<shadow.h>
<signal.h>
<spawn.h>
<stdio.h>
<stdlib.h>
<string.h>
<sys/auxv.h>
<sys/capability.h>
<sys/epoll.h>
<sys/eventfd.h>
<sys/fanotify.h>
<sys/file.h>
<sys/fsuid.h>
<sys/gmon.h>
<sys/inotify.h>
<sys/io.h>
, <sys/perm.h>
<sys/kdaemon.h>
<sys/klog.h>
<sys/mman.h>
<sys/mount.h>
<sys/personality.h>
<sys/prctl.h>
<sys/profil.h>
<sys/ptrace.h>
<sys/quota.h>
<sys/random.h>
<sys/reboot.h>
<sys/resource.h>
<sys/sem.h>
<sys/sendfile.h>
<sys/signalfd.h>
<sys/single_threaded.h>
<sys/socket.h>
<sys/stat.h>
<sys/statfs.h>
<sys/swap.h>
<sys/sysctl.h>
<sys/sysinfo.h>
<sys/syslog.h>
<sys/sysmacros.h>
<sys/time.h>
<sys/timerfd.h>
<sys/timex.h>
<sys/uio.h>
<sys/ustat.h>
<sys/vlimit.h>
<sys/wait.h>
<sys/xattr.h>
<termios.h>
<time.h>
<ttyent.h>
<unistd.h>
<utmp.h>
<utmpx.h>
<wchar.h>
<aio.h>
aio_init
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<aliases.h>
endaliasent
Documentation:
man endaliasent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getaliasbyname
Documentation:
man getaliasbyname
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getaliasbyname_r
Documentation:
man getaliasbyname_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getaliasent
Documentation:
man getaliasent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getaliasent_r
Documentation:
man getaliasent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setaliasent
Documentation:
man setaliasent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<argp.h>
argp_err_exit_status
argp_error
argp_failure
argp_help
argp_parse
argp_program_bug_address
argp_program_version
argp_program_version_hook
argp_state_help
argp_usage
argp_err_exit_status
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Global-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_error
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Helper-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_failure
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Helper-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_help
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Help.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_parse
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_program_bug_address
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Global-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_program_version
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Global-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_program_version_hook
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Global-Variables.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_state_help
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Helper-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argp_usage
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Argp-Helper-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<argz.h>
argz_add
argz_add_sep
argz_append
argz_count
argz_create
argz_create_sep
argz_delete
argz_extract
argz_insert
argz_next
argz_replace
argz_stringify
argz_add
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_add_sep
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_append
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_count
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_create
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_create_sep
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_delete
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_extract
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_insert
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_next
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_replace
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
argz_stringify
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-argz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: argz
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<arpa/inet.h>
inet_aton
inet_lnaof
inet_makeaddr
inet_net_ntop
inet_net_pton
inet_neta
inet_netof
inet_network
inet_nsap_addr
inet_nsap_ntoa
inet_aton
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-inet-aton-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_lnaof
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_makeaddr
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_net_ntop
Documentation:
man inet_net_ntop
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_net_pton
Documentation:
man inet_net_pton
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_neta
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_netof
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet_network
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<byteswap.h>
bswap_16
Documentation:
man bswap_16
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
bswap_32
Documentation:
man bswap_32
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
bswap_64
Documentation:
man bswap_64
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<complex.h>
clog10
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib---clog10.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clog10f
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib---clog10f.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clog10l
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib---clog10l.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<ctype.h>
<dirent.h>
getdirentries
Documentation:
man getdirentries
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use
the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
scandirat
Documentation:
man scandirat
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
versionsort
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<dlfcn.h>
dladdr
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dladdr-3.html
Documentation:
man dladdr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dladdr1
Documentation:
man dladdr1
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dlinfo
Documentation:
man dlinfo
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dlmopen
Documentation:
man dlmopen
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dlvsym
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dlvsym-1.html
Documentation:
man dlvsym
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<envz.h>
envz_add
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-envz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
envz_entry
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-envz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
envz_get
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-envz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
envz_merge
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-envz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
envz_remove
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-envz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
envz_strip
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-envz-add.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<err.h>
err
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-err-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errx
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-errx-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
verr
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
verrx
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-verrx-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
vwarn
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
vwarnx
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
warn
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-warn-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
warnx
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-warnx-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<errno.h>
program_invocation_name
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
program_invocation_short_name
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<error.h>
error
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-error-n.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: error
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
error_at_line
Documentation:
Gnulib module: error
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
error_message_count
Documentation:
Gnulib module: error
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
error_one_per_line
Documentation:
Gnulib module: error
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
error_print_progname
Documentation:
man error_print_progname
Gnulib module: error
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<execinfo.h>
backtrace
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-backtrace-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
backtrace_symbols
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-backtrace-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
backtrace_symbols_fd
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-backtrace-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<fcntl.h>
fallocate
Documentation:
man fallocate
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly across the entire data range of files larger than 2 GB.
The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
name_to_handle_at
Documentation:
man name_to_handle_at
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
readahead
Documentation:
man readahead
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
open_by_handle_at
Documentation:
man open_by_handle_at
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sync_file_range
Documentation:
man sync_file_range
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<fenv.h>
fedisableexcept
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fedisableexcept.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
feenableexcept
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-feenableexcept.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fegetexcept
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fegetexcept.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<fmtmsg.h>
<fstab.h>
endfsent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getfsent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getfsfile
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getfsspec
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<fts.h>
fts_children
Documentation:
man fts_children
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
correctly report the size of files or block devices larger than 2 GB and
may not work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. Also, on
platforms where ino_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may report
inode numbers incorrectly. The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro (only on Mac OS X systems).
fts_close
Documentation:
man fts_close
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fts_open
Documentation:
man fts_open
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fts_read
Documentation:
man fts_read
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
correctly report the size of files or block devices larger than 2 GB and
may not work correctly on huge directories larger than 2 GB. Also, on
platforms where ino_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may report
inode numbers incorrectly. The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro (only on Mac OS X systems).
fts_set
Documentation:
man fts_set
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<getopt.h>
getopt_long
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getopt-long-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getopt-gnu
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
getopt_long
does not obey the combination of
‘+’ and ‘:’ flags in the options string on some platforms:
glibc 2.11.
-W foo
to behave synonymously with --foo
:
glibc 2.11.
getopt_long
does not support the ‘+’ flag in
the options string on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, AIX 5.2, Solaris 10.
optind
after a missing required argument is wrong
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
getopt_long
does not obey the ‘-’ flag in the
options string when POSIXLY_CORRECT
is set on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.0.
POSIXLY_CORRECT
, when optind
is set to ‘0’:
NetBSD, Cygwin 1.7.0.
getopt_long
does not support options with optional
arguments on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, OpenBSD 4.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11 2010-11, Cygwin 1.5.x.
W;
but
there are no long options, on some platforms:
glibc 2.14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getopt_long_only
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getopt-long-only-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getopt-gnu
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
getopt_long_only
does not obey the combination of
‘+’ and ‘:’ flags in the options string on some platforms:
glibc 2.11.
-W foo
to behave synonymously with --foo
:
glibc 2.11.
getopt_long_only
does not support the ‘+’
flag in the options string on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, AIX 5.2, Solaris 10.
optind
after a missing required argument is wrong
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
getopt_long_only
does not obey the ‘-’ flag
in the options string when POSIXLY_CORRECT
is set on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.0.
POSIXLY_CORRECT
, when optind
is set to ‘0’:
NetBSD, Cygwin 1.7.0.
getopt_long_only
does not support options with
optional arguments on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, OpenBSD 4.0, AIX 5.2, Solaris 11 2010-11, Cygwin 1.5.x.
W;
but
there are no long options, on some platforms:
glibc 2.14.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getopt_long_only
in new programs.
<glob.h>
glob_pattern_p
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<gnu/libc-version.h>
gnu_get_libc_release
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gnu-get-libc-version-1.html
Documentation:
man gnu_get_libc_release
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gnu_get_libc_version
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gnu-get-libc-version-1.html
Documentation:
man gnu_get_libc_version
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<grp.h>
fgetgrent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgetgrent_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgrent_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getgrent-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getgrouplist
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getgrouplist-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
int
instead of gid_t
parameters
on some platforms: OS X 10.11.
The Gnulib module getugroups
provides a similar API.
initgroups
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-initgroups-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fork
and exec
if
the parent process is multi-threaded. Instead, use getgroups
or
getgrouplist
(or use the gnulib module mgetgroups
)
before forking, and setgroups
in the child.
putgrent
Documentation:
man putgrent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setgroups
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-setgroups-2.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
GETGROUPS_T
to
the appropriate size (since getgroups
and setgroups
share the same bug).
<gshadow.h>
endsgent
fgetsgent
fgetsgent_r
getsgent
getsgent_r
getsgnam
getsgnam_r
putsgent
setsgent
sgetsgent
sgetsgent_r
endsgent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgetsgent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgetsgent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getsgent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getsgent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getsgnam
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getsgnam_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
putsgent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setsgent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sgetsgent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sgetsgent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<ifaddrs.h>
getifaddrs
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getifaddrs.html
Documentation:
man getifaddrs
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
freeifaddrs
Documentation:
man freeifaddrs
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<libintl.h>
bind_textdomain_codeset
bindtextdomain
dcgettext
dcngettext
dgettext
dngettext
gettext
ngettext
textdomain
bind_textdomain_codeset
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-bind-textdomain-codeset.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
bindtextdomain
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-bindtextdomain.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dcgettext
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dcgettext.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dcngettext
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dcngettext.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dgettext
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dgettext.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dngettext
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dngettext.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gettext
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gettext.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ngettext
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-ngettext.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
textdomain
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-textdomain.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<link.h>
dl_iterate_phdr
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dl-iterate-phdr-1.html
Documentation:
man dl_iterate_phdr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<malloc.h>
mallinfo
mallinfo2
malloc_get_state
malloc_set_state
malloc_info
malloc_stats
malloc_trim
malloc_usable_size
mallopt
memalign
pvalloc
mallinfo
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mallinfo2
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
malloc_get_state
Documentation:
man malloc_get_state
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
malloc_set_state
Documentation:
man malloc_set_state
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
malloc_info
Documentation:
man malloc_info
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
malloc_stats
Documentation:
man malloc_stats
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
malloc_trim
Documentation:
man malloc_trim
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
malloc_usable_size
Documentation:
man malloc_usable_size
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mallopt
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memalign
Documentation:
Gnulib module: memalign
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<stdlib.h>
instead of <malloc.h>
on some platforms:
Solaris 11.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The Gnulib module aligned-malloc
provides functions for
allocating and freeing blocks of suitably aligned memory.
pvalloc
Documentation:
man pvalloc
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<math.h>
drem
dremf
dreml
exp10
exp10f
exp10l
finite
finitef
finitel
gamma
gammaf
gammal
isinff
isinfl
isnanf
isnanl
j0f
j0l
j1f
j1l
jnf
jnl
lgamma_r
lgammaf_r
lgammal_r
matherr
pow10
pow10f
pow10l
scalbf
scalbl
significand
significandf
significandl
sincos
sincosf
sincosl
y0f
y0l
y1f
y1l
ynf
ynl
drem
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-drem.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dremf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dremf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dreml
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-dreml.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
exp10
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-exp10.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
exp10f
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-exp10f.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
exp10l
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-exp10l.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
finite
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-finite.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
finitef
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-finitef.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
finitel
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-finitel.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gamma
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gamma.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gammaf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gammaf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gammal
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gammal.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isinff
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isinfl
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isnanf
Documentation:
Gnulib module: isnanf
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isnanl
Documentation:
Gnulib module: isnanl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
j0f
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-j0f.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
j0l
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-j0l.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
j1f
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-j1f.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
j1l
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-j1l.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
jnf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-jnf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
jnl
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-jnl.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lgamma_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-lgamma-r.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lgammaf_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-lgammaf-r.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lgammal_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-lgammal-r.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
matherr
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-matherr-1.html
Documentation:
man matherr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pow10
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pow10.html
Documentation:
man pow10
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pow10f
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pow10f.html
Documentation:
man pow10f
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pow10l
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pow10l.html
Documentation:
man pow10l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scalbf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-scalbf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
scalbl
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-scalbl.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
significand
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-significand.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
significandf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-significandf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
significandl
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-significandl.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sincos
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sincos.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sincosf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sincosf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sincosl
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sincosl.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
y0f
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-y0f.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
y0l
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-y0l.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
y1f
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-y1f.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
y1l
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-y1l.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ynf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-ynf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ynl
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-ynl.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<mcheck.h>
mcheck
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mcheck_check_all
Documentation:
man mcheck_check_all
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mcheck_pedantic
Documentation:
man mcheck_pedantic
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mprobe
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mtrace
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
muntrace
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<mntent.h>
addmntent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
endmntent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getmntent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getmntent_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hasmntopt
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<netdb.h>
endnetgrent
gethostbyaddr_r
gethostbyname2
gethostbyname2_r
gethostbyname_r
gethostent_r
getnetbyaddr_r
getnetbyname_r
getnetent_r
getnetgrent
getnetgrent_r
getprotobyname_r
getprotobynumber_r
getprotoent_r
getservbyname_r
getservbyport_r
getservent_r
herror
hstrerror
innetgr
rcmd
rcmd_af
rexec
rexec_af
rresvport
rresvport_af
ruserok
ruserok_af
setnetgrent
endnetgrent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostbyaddr_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gethostbyaddr-r-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostbyname2
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gethostbyname2-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostbyname2_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gethostbyname2-r-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostbyname_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-gethostbyname-r-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gethostent_r
Documentation:
man gethostent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetbyaddr_r
Documentation:
man getnetbyaddr_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetbyname_r
Documentation:
man getnetbyname_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetent_r
Documentation:
man getnetent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetgrent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetgrent_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getprotobyname_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getprotobyname-r.html
Documentation:
man getprotobyname_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getprotobynumber_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getprotobynumber-r.html
Documentation:
man getprotobynumber_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getprotoent_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getprotoent-r.html
Documentation:
man getprotoent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getservbyname_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getservbyname-r.html
Documentation:
man getservbyname_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getservbyport_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getservbyport-r.html
Documentation:
man getservbyport_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getservent_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getservent-r.html
Documentation:
man getservent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
herror
Documentation:
man herror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hstrerror
Documentation:
man hstrerror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
innetgr
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rcmd
Documentation:
man rcmd
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rcmd_af
Documentation:
man rcmd_af
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rexec
Documentation:
man rexec
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rexec_af
Documentation:
man rexec_af
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rresvport
Documentation:
man rresvport
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rresvport_af
Documentation:
man rresvport_af
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ruserok
Documentation:
man ruserok
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ruserok_af
Documentation:
man ruserok_af
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<netinet/ether.h>
ether_aton
Documentation:
man ether_aton
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ether_aton_r
Documentation:
man ether_aton_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ether_hostton
Documentation:
man ether_hostton
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ether_line
Documentation:
man ether_line
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ether_ntoa
Documentation:
man ether_ntoa
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ether_ntoa_r
Documentation:
man ether_ntoa_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ether_ntohost
Documentation:
man ether_ntohost
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<netinet/in.h>
bindresvport
getipv4sourcefilter
getsourcefilter
in6addr_any
in6addr_loopback
inet6_option_alloc
inet6_option_append
inet6_option_find
inet6_option_init
inet6_option_next
inet6_option_space
inet6_opt_append
inet6_opt_find
inet6_opt_finish
inet6_opt_get_val
inet6_opt_init
inet6_opt_next
inet6_opt_set_val
inet6_rth_add
inet6_rth_getaddr
inet6_rth_init
inet6_rth_reverse
inet6_rth_segments
inet6_rth_space
setipv4sourcefilter
setsourcefilter
bindresvport
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-bindresvport-3.html
Documentation:
man bindresvport
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getipv4sourcefilter
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getsourcefilter
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
in6addr_any
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Host-Address-Data-Type.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
in6addr_loopback
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Host-Address-Data-Type.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_option_alloc
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_option_append
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_option_find
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_option_init
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_option_next
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_option_space
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_opt_append
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_opt_find
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_opt_finish
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_opt_get_val
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_opt_init
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_opt_next
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_opt_set_val
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_rth_add
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_rth_getaddr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_rth_init
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_rth_reverse
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_rth_segments
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inet6_rth_space
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setipv4sourcefilter
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setsourcefilter
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<obstack.h>
obstack_alloc_failed_handler
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Preparing-for-Obstacks.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
obstack_exit_failure
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
obstack_free
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Freeing-Obstack-Objects.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
obstack_printf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Dynamic-Output.html.
Gnulib module: obstack-printf or obstack-printf-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module
obstack-printf
or obstack-printf-posix
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module obstack-printf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 13.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.0, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
obstack_vprintf
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Variable-Arguments-Output.html.
Gnulib module: obstack-printf or obstack-printf-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module
obstack-printf
or obstack-printf-posix
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module obstack-printf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11.23, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 9, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
AIX 5.2, Solaris 11.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, mingw, MSVC 14.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24, mingw, MSVC 14.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 13.0, NetBSD 5.0, AIX 5.2, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.0, Cygwin 1.5.x, mingw, MSVC/clang.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
<poll.h>
ppoll
Documentation:
man ppoll
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<printf.h>
parse_printf_format
printf_size
printf_size_info
register_printf_function
register_printf_modifier
register_printf_specifier
register_printf_type
parse_printf_format
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Parsing-a-Template-String.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
printf_size
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Predefined-Printf-Handlers.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
printf_size_info
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Predefined-Printf-Handlers.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
register_printf_function
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Registering-New-Conversions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
register_printf_modifier
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
register_printf_specifier
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
register_printf_type
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<pthread.h>
pthread_attr_getaffinity_np
pthread_attr_setaffinity_np
pthread_attr_getsigmask_np
pthread_attr_setsigmask_np
pthread_clockjoin_np
pthread_cond_clockwait
pthread_getaffinity_np
pthread_getattr_default_np
pthread_getattr_np
pthread_getname_np
pthread_kill_other_threads_np
pthread_mutex_clocklock
pthread_mutex_consistent_np
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust_np
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np
pthread_rwlock_clockrdlock
pthread_rwlock_clockwrlock
pthread_rwlockattr_getkind_np
pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np
pthread_setaffinity_np
pthread_setattr_default_np
pthread_setname_np
pthread_sigqueue
pthread_timedjoin_np
pthread_tryjoin_np
pthread_yield
pthread_attr_getaffinity_np
Documentation:
man pthread_attr_getaffinity_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setaffinity_np
Documentation:
man pthread_attr_setaffinity_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_getsigmask_np
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Initial-Thread-Signal-Mask.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_attr_setsigmask_np
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Initial-Thread-Signal-Mask.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_clockjoin_np
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_cond_clockwait
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_getaffinity_np
Documentation:
man pthread_getaffinity_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_getattr_default_np
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_getattr_np
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pthread-getattr-np-1.html
Documentation:
man pthread_getattr_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_getname_np
Documentation:
man pthread_getname_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_kill_other_threads_np
Documentation:
man pthread_kill_other_threads_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_clocklock
Documentation: —
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutex_consistent_np
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pthread-mutex-consistent-np-1.html
Documentation:
man pthread_mutex_consistent_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust_np
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pthread-mutexattr-getrobust-np-1.html
Documentation:
man pthread_mutexattr_getrobust_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
This function has now been standardized by POSIX under the name
pthread_mutexattr_getrobust
.
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pthread-mutexattr-getrobust-np-1.html
Documentation:
man pthread_mutexattr_setrobust_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
This function has now been standardized by POSIX under the name
pthread_mutexattr_setrobust
.
pthread_rwlock_clockrdlock
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlock_clockwrlock
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlockattr_getkind_np
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pthread-rwlockattr-getkind-np-1.html
Documentation:
man pthread_rwlockattr_getkind_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pthread-rwlockattr-getkind-np-1.html
Documentation:
man pthread_rwlockattr_setkind_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setaffinity_np
Documentation:
man pthread_setaffinity_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setattr_default_np
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_setname_np
Documentation:
man pthread_setname_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
printf
format string,
with the third argument as parameter.
pthread_sigqueue
Documentation:
man pthread_sigqueue
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_timedjoin_np
Documentation:
man pthread_timedjoin_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
libthr
but not in
libpthread
, and it also is missing a declaration.
pthread_tryjoin_np
Documentation:
man pthread_tryjoin_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pthread_yield
Documentation:
man pthread_yield
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<pty.h>
forkpty
Documentation:
Gnulib module: forkpty
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
-lutil
is not required.
-lutil
is
required.
const
.
FreeBSD 13.0, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.7.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
openpty
Documentation:
Gnulib module: openpty
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
-lutil
is not required.
-lutil
is
required.
const
.
FreeBSD 13.0, Solaris 11.4, Cygwin 1.7.1.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<pwd.h>
fgetpwent
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgetpwent_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpw
Documentation:
man getpw
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpwent_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getpwent-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<regex.h>
re_comp
re_compile_fastmap
re_compile_pattern
re_exec
re_match
re_match_2
re_search
re_search_2
re_set_registers
re_set_syntax
re_syntax_options
re_comp
Documentation:
man re_comp
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_compile_fastmap
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_compile_pattern
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_exec
Documentation:
man re_exec
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_match
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_match_2
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_search
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_search_2
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_set_registers
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_set_syntax
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
re_syntax_options
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<regexp.h>
advance
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
loc1
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
loc2
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
locs
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
step
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<resolv.h>
dn_expand
Documentation:
man dn_expand
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
res_init
Documentation:
man res_init
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
res_mkquery
Documentation:
man res_mkquery
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
res_query
Documentation:
man res_query
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
res_querydomain
Documentation:
man res_querydomain
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
res_search
Documentation:
man res_search
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/auth.h>
authdes_create
authdes_pk_create
authnone_create
authunix_create
authunix_create_default
getnetname
host2netname
key_decryptsession
key_decryptsession_pk
key_encryptsession
key_encryptsession_pk
key_gendes
key_get_conv
key_secretkey_is_set
key_setsecret
netname2host
netname2user
user2netname
xdr_des_block
xdr_opaque_auth
authdes_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
authdes_pk_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
authnone_create
Documentation:
man authnone_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
authunix_create
Documentation:
man authunix_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
authunix_create_default
Documentation:
man authunix_create_default
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getnetname
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
host2netname
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
key_decryptsession
Documentation:
man key_decryptsession
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
key_decryptsession_pk
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
key_encryptsession
Documentation:
man key_encryptsession
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
key_encryptsession_pk
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
key_gendes
Documentation:
man key_gendes
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
key_get_conv
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
key_secretkey_is_set
Documentation:
man key_secretkey_is_set
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
key_setsecret
Documentation:
man key_setsecret
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
netname2host
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
netname2user
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
user2netname
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_des_block
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_opaque_auth
Documentation:
man xdr_opaque_auth
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/auth_des.h>
authdes_getucred
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpublickey
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getsecretkey
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rtime
Documentation:
man rtime
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/auth_unix.h>
xdr_authunix_parms
Documentation:
man xdr_authunix_parms
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/clnt.h>
callrpc
clnt_create
clnt_pcreateerror
clnt_perrno
clnt_perror
clnt_spcreateerror
clnt_sperrno
clnt_sperror
clntraw_create
clnttcp_create
clntudp_bufcreate
clntudp_create
clntunix_create
get_myaddress
getrpcport
rpc_createerr
callrpc
Documentation:
man callrpc
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clnt_create
Documentation:
man clnt_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clnt_pcreateerror
Documentation:
man clnt_pcreateerror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clnt_perrno
Documentation:
man clnt_perrno
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clnt_perror
Documentation:
man clnt_perror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clnt_spcreateerror
Documentation:
man clnt_spcreateerror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clnt_sperrno
Documentation:
man clnt_sperrno
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clnt_sperror
Documentation:
man clnt_sperror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clntraw_create
Documentation:
man clntraw_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clnttcp_create
Documentation:
man clnttcp_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clntudp_bufcreate
Documentation:
man clntudp_bufcreate
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clntudp_create
Documentation:
man clntudp_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clntunix_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
get_myaddress
Documentation:
man get_myaddress
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getrpcport
Documentation:
man getrpcport
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/key_prot.h>
xdr_cryptkeyarg
xdr_cryptkeyarg2
xdr_cryptkeyres
xdr_getcredres
xdr_key_netstarg
xdr_key_netstres
xdr_keybuf
xdr_keystatus
xdr_netnamestr
xdr_unixcred
xdr_cryptkeyarg
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_cryptkeyarg2
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_cryptkeyres
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_getcredres
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_key_netstarg
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_key_netstres
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_keybuf
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_keystatus
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/netdb.h>
endrpcent
getrpcbyname
getrpcbyname_r
getrpcbynumber
getrpcbynumber_r
getrpcent
getrpcent_r
setrpcent
endrpcent
Documentation:
man endrpcent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getrpcbyname
Documentation:
man getrpcbyname
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getrpcbyname_r
Documentation:
man getrpcbyname_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getrpcbynumber
Documentation:
man getrpcbynumber
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getrpcbynumber_r
Documentation:
man getrpcbynumber_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getrpcent
Documentation:
man getrpcent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getrpcent_r
Documentation:
man getrpcent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setrpcent
Documentation:
man setrpcent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/pmap_clnt.h>
clnt_broadcast
Documentation:
man clnt_broadcast
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pmap_getmaps
Documentation:
man pmap_getmaps
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pmap_getport
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pmap-getport-3.html
Documentation:
man pmap_getport
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pmap_rmtcall
Documentation:
man pmap_rmtcall
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pmap_set
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pmap-set-3.html
Documentation:
man pmap_set
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pmap_unset
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-pmap-unset-3.html
Documentation:
man pmap_unset
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/pmap_prot.h>
xdr_pmap
Documentation:
man xdr_pmap
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_pmaplist
Documentation:
man xdr_pmaplist
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/pmap_rmt.h>
<rpc/rpc_msg.h>
xdr_callhdr
Documentation:
man xdr_callhdr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_callmsg
Documentation:
man xdr_callmsg
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_replymsg
Documentation:
man xdr_replymsg
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/svc.h>
svc_exit
svc_fdset
svc_getreq
svc_getreq_common
svc_getreq_poll
svc_getreqset
svc_max_pollfd
svc_pollfd
svc_register
svc_run
svc_sendreply
svc_unregister
svcerr_auth
svcerr_decode
svcerr_noproc
svcerr_noprog
svcerr_progvers
svcerr_systemerr
svcerr_weakauth
svcraw_create
svctcp_create
svcudp_bufcreate
svcudp_create
svcunix_create
xprt_register
xprt_unregister
svc_exit
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_fdset
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_getreq
Documentation:
man svc_getreq
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_getreq_common
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_getreq_poll
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_getreqset
Documentation:
man svc_getreqset
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_max_pollfd
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_pollfd
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_register
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-svc-register-3.html
Documentation:
man svc_register
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_run
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-svc-run-3.html
Documentation:
man svc_run
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_sendreply
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-svc-sendreply-3.html
Documentation:
man svc_sendreply
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svc_unregister
Documentation:
man svc_unregister
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcerr_auth
Documentation:
man svcerr_auth
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcerr_decode
Documentation:
man svcerr_decode
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcerr_noproc
Documentation:
man svcerr_noproc
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcerr_noprog
Documentation:
man svcerr_noprog
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcerr_progvers
Documentation:
man svcerr_progvers
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcerr_systemerr
Documentation:
man svcerr_systemerr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcerr_weakauth
Documentation:
man svcerr_weakauth
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcraw_create
Documentation:
man svcraw_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svctcp_create
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-svctcp-create-3.html
Documentation:
man svctcp_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcudp_bufcreate
Documentation:
man svcudp_bufcreate
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcudp_create
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-svcudp-create-3.html
Documentation:
man svcudp_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
svcunix_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xprt_register
Documentation:
man xprt_register
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xprt_unregister
Documentation:
man xprt_unregister
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpc/xdr.h>
xdr_array
xdr_bool
xdr_bytes
xdr_char
xdr_double
xdr_enum
xdr_float
xdr_free
xdr_hyper
xdr_int
xdr_int16_t
xdr_int32_t
xdr_int64_t
xdr_int8_t
xdr_long
xdr_longlong_t
xdr_netobj
xdr_opaque
xdr_pointer
xdr_quad_t
xdr_reference
xdr_short
xdr_sizeof
xdr_string
xdr_u_char
xdr_u_hyper
xdr_u_int
xdr_u_long
xdr_u_longlong_t
xdr_u_quad_t
xdr_u_short
xdr_uint16_t
xdr_uint32_t
xdr_uint64_t
xdr_uint8_t
xdr_union
xdr_vector
xdr_void
xdr_wrapstring
xdrmem_create
xdrrec_create
xdrrec_endofrecord
xdrrec_eof
xdrrec_skiprecord
xdrstdio_create
xdr_array
Documentation:
man xdr_array
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_bool
Documentation:
man xdr_bool
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_bytes
Documentation:
man xdr_bytes
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_char
Documentation:
man xdr_char
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_double
Documentation:
man xdr_double
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_enum
Documentation:
man xdr_enum
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_float
Documentation:
man xdr_float
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_free
Documentation:
man xdr_free
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_hyper
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_int
Documentation:
man xdr_int
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_int16_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_int32_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_int64_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_int8_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_long
Documentation:
man xdr_long
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_longlong_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_netobj
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_opaque
Documentation:
man xdr_opaque
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_pointer
Documentation:
man xdr_pointer
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_quad_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_reference
Documentation:
man xdr_reference
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_short
Documentation:
man xdr_short
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_sizeof
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_string
Documentation:
man xdr_string
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_u_char
Documentation:
man xdr_u_char
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_u_hyper
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_u_int
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-xdr-u-int-3.html
Documentation:
man xdr_u_int
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_u_long
Documentation:
man xdr_u_long
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_u_longlong_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_u_quad_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_u_short
Documentation:
man xdr_u_short
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_uint16_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_uint32_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_uint64_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_uint8_t
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_union
Documentation:
man xdr_union
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_vector
Documentation:
man xdr_vector
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_void
Documentation:
man xdr_void
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_wrapstring
Documentation:
man xdr_wrapstring
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdrmem_create
Documentation:
man xdrmem_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdrrec_create
Documentation:
man xdrrec_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdrrec_endofrecord
Documentation:
man xdrrec_endofrecord
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdrrec_eof
Documentation:
man xdrrec_eof
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdrrec_skiprecord
Documentation:
man xdrrec_skiprecord
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdrstdio_create
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-xdrstdio-create-3.html
Documentation:
man xdrstdio_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpcsvc/nislib.h>
nis_add
nis_add_entry
nis_addmember
nis_checkpoint
nis_clone_object
nis_creategroup
nis_destroy_object
nis_destroygroup
nis_dir_cmp
nis_domain_of
nis_domain_of_r
nis_first_entry
nis_freenames
nis_freeresult
nis_freeservlist
nis_freetags
nis_getnames
nis_getservlist
nis_ismember
nis_leaf_of
nis_leaf_of_r
nis_lerror
nis_list
nis_local_directory
nis_local_group
nis_local_host
nis_local_principal
nis_lookup
nis_mkdir
nis_modify
nis_modify_entry
nis_name_of
nis_name_of_r
nis_next_entry
nis_perror
nis_ping
nis_print_directory
nis_print_entry
nis_print_group
nis_print_group_entry
nis_print_link
nis_print_object
nis_print_result
nis_print_rights
nis_print_table
nis_remove
nis_remove_entry
nis_removemember
nis_rmdir
nis_servstate
nis_sperrno
nis_sperror
nis_sperror_r
nis_stats
nis_verifygroup
nis_add
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_add_entry
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_addmember
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_checkpoint
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_clone_object
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_creategroup
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_destroy_object
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_destroygroup
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_dir_cmp
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_domain_of
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_domain_of_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_first_entry
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_freenames
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_freeresult
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_freeservlist
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_freetags
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_getnames
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_getservlist
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_ismember
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_leaf_of
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_leaf_of_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_lerror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_list
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_local_directory
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_local_group
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_local_host
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_local_principal
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_lookup
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_mkdir
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_modify
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_modify_entry
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_name_of
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_name_of_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_next_entry
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_perror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_ping
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_directory
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_entry
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_group
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_group_entry
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_link
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_object
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_result
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_rights
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_print_table
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_remove
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_remove_entry
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_removemember
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_rmdir
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_servstate
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_sperrno
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_sperror
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
nis_sperror_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpcsvc/nis_callback.h>
<rpcsvc/yp.h>
xdr_domainname
xdr_keydat
xdr_valdat
xdr_ypbind_resptype
xdr_ypmap_parms
xdr_ypmaplist
xdr_yppushresp_xfr
xdr_ypreq_key
xdr_ypreq_nokey
xdr_ypreq_xfr
xdr_ypresp_all
xdr_ypresp_key_val
xdr_ypresp_maplist
xdr_ypresp_master
xdr_ypresp_order
xdr_ypresp_val
xdr_ypresp_xfr
xdr_ypstat
xdr_ypxfrstat
xdr_domainname
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_keydat
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_valdat
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypbind_resptype
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypmap_parms
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypmaplist
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_yppushresp_xfr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypreq_key
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypreq_nokey
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypreq_xfr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypresp_all
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypresp_key_val
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypresp_maplist
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypresp_master
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypresp_order
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypresp_val
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
xdr_ypresp_xfr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<rpcsvc/ypclnt.h>
yp_all
yp_bind
yp_first
yp_get_default_domain
yp_master
yp_match
yp_next
yp_order
yp_unbind
ypbinderr_string
yperr_string
ypprot_err
yp_all
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yp_bind
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yp_first
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yp_get_default_domain
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yp_master
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yp_match
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yp_next
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yp_order
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
yp_unbind
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ypbinderr_string
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sched.h>
clone
Documentation:
man clone
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getcpu
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_getaffinity
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sched-getaffinity.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_getcpu
Documentation:
man sched_getcpu
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sched_setaffinity
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sched-setaffinity.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setns
Documentation:
man setns
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<search.h>
hcreate_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-hcreate-r.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hdestroy_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-hdestroy-r.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
hsearch_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-hsearch-r.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tdestroy
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
twalk_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<selinux/selinux.h>
fgetfilecon
Documentation:
man fgetfilecon
Gnulib module: selinux-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to ENOTSUP
and returns ‘-1’.
fgetfilecon
function that insulates the caller from API-nonconforming behavior.
Without this wrapper, fgetfilecon
can return ‘0’ and set
the context
pointer to NULL, and in another scenario can return
‘10’ and set the context
pointer to ‘unlabeled’.
This wrapper returns ‘-1’ in each case and sets errno
to
ENOTSUP
and ENODATA
respectively.
While the conditions that can provoke such behavior are rare, the
average caller does not handle them because the possibility of such
behavior is not documented.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getfilecon
Documentation:
man getfilecon
Gnulib module: selinux-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to ENOTSUP
and returns ‘-1’.
getfilecon
function that insulates the caller from API-nonconforming behavior.
Without this wrapper, getfilecon
can return ‘0’ and set
the context
pointer to NULL, and in another scenario can return
‘10’ and set the context
pointer to ‘unlabeled’.
This wrapper returns ‘-1’ in each case and sets errno
to
ENOTSUP
and ENODATA
respectively.
While the conditions that can provoke such behavior are rare, the
average caller does not handle them because the possibility of such
behavior is not documented.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lgetfilecon
Documentation:
man lgetfilecon
Gnulib module: selinux-h
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
to ENOTSUP
and returns ‘-1’.
lgetfilecon
function that insulates the caller from API-nonconforming behavior.
Without this wrapper, lgetfilecon
can return ‘0’ and set
the context
pointer to NULL, and in another scenario can return
‘10’ and set the context
pointer to ‘unlabeled’.
This wrapper returns ‘-1’ in each case and sets errno
to
ENOTSUP
and ENODATA
respectively.
While the conditions that can provoke such behavior are rare, the
average caller does not handle them because the possibility of such
behavior is not documented.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<semaphore.h>
sem_clockwait
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<shadow.h>
endspent
fgetspent
fgetspent_r
getspent
getspent_r
getspnam
getspnam_r
lckpwdf
putspent
setspent
sgetspent
sgetspent_r
ulckpwdf
endspent
Documentation:
man endspent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgetspent
Documentation:
man fgetspent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgetspent_r
Documentation:
man fgetspent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getspent
Documentation:
man getspent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getspent_r
Documentation:
man getspent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getspnam
Documentation:
man getspnam
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getspnam_r
Documentation:
man getspnam_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lckpwdf
Documentation:
man lckpwdf
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
putspent
Documentation:
man putspent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setspent
Documentation:
man setspent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sgetspent
Documentation:
man sgetspent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sgetspent_r
Documentation:
man sgetspent_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ulckpwdf
Documentation:
man ulckpwdf
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<signal.h>
gsignal
sigandset
sigblock
siggetmask
sigisemptyset
sigorset
sigreturn
sigsetmask
sigstack
sigvec
ssignal
sys_siglist
sysv_signal
tgkill
gsignal
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigandset
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sigandset.html
Documentation:
man sigandset
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigblock
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
siggetmask
Documentation:
man siggetmask
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigisemptyset
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sigisemptyset.html
Documentation:
man sigisemptyset
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigorset
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sigorset.html
Documentation:
man sigorset
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigreturn
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sigreturn-2.html
Documentation:
man sigreturn
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigsetmask
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigstack
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigvec
Documentation:
man sigvec
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ssignal
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sys_siglist
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Signal-Messages.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sysv_signal
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tgkill
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<spawn.h>
posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: Gnulib has a module posix_spawn_file_actions_addchdir
that
provides equivalent functionality, just without the suffix _np
.
posix_spawn_file_actions_addfchdir_np
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: Gnulib has a module posix_spawn_file_actions_addfchdir
that
provides equivalent functionality, just without the suffix _np
.
<stdio.h>
asprintf
cuserid
clearerr_unlocked
fcloseall
feof_unlocked
ferror_unlocked
fflush_unlocked
fgetc_unlocked
fgets_unlocked
fileno_unlocked
fopencookie
fputc_unlocked
fputs_unlocked
fread_unlocked
fwrite_unlocked
getw
putw
renameat2
setbuffer
setlinebuf
sys_errlist
sys_nerr
tmpnam_r
vasprintf
asprintf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-asprintf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: vasprintf or vasprintf-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module vasprintf
or vasprintf-posix
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module vasprintf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.5.24.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
Solaris 11.0.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, Solaris 11.0, Cygwin 1.5.x.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
cuserid
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clearerr_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-clearerr-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fcloseall
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
void
instead of int
on some platforms:
FreeBSD 13.0.
feof_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-feof-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ferror_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-ferror-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fflush_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fflush-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgetc_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fgetc-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fgets_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fgets-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fileno_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fileno-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fopencookie
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fputc_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fputc-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fputs_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fputs-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fread_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fread-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fwrite_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fwrite-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getw
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
putw
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
renameat2
Documentation:
man renameat2
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setbuffer
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-setbuffer-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setlinebuf
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sys_errlist
Documentation:
man sys_errlist
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sys_nerr
Documentation:
man sys_nerr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
tmpnam_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
vasprintf
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-vasprintf.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: vasprintf or vasprintf-posix
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module vasprintf
or vasprintf-posix
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module vasprintf-posix
:
hh
, ll
,
j
, t
, z
) on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.5.24.
"%f"
, "%e"
, "%g"
of Infinity and NaN yields an
incorrect result on some platforms:
Solaris 11.0.
"%2$s"
, on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0.
'
flag on some platforms:
NetBSD 3.0, Cygwin 1.5.24.
"%010f"
of NaN and Infinity yields an incorrect result (padded
with zeroes) on some platforms:
Mac OS X 10.5, FreeBSD 6.0, NetBSD 5.0, Solaris 11.0, Cygwin 1.5.x.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
%m
directive is not portable, use %s
mapped to an
argument of strerror(errno)
(or a version of strerror_r
)
instead.
<stdlib.h>
canonicalize_file_name
cfree
clearenv
drand48_r
ecvt_r
erand48_r
fcvt_r
getloadavg
getpt
initstate_r
jrand48_r
lcong48_r
lrand48_r
mkostemp
mkostemps
mrand48_r
mkstemps
nrand48_r
on_exit
ptsname_r
qecvt
qecvt_r
qfcvt
qfcvt_r
qgcvt
qsort_r
random_r
rpmatch
secure_getenv
seed48_r
setstate_r
srand48_r
srandom_r
strtod_l
strtof_l
strtol_l
strtold_l
strtoll_l
strtoq
strtoul_l
strtoull_l
strtouq
valloc
canonicalize_file_name
Documentation:
Gnulib module: canonicalize-lgpl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cfree
Documentation:
man cfree
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
clearenv
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
drand48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-drand48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ecvt_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
erand48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-erand48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fcvt_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getloadavg
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getloadavg-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getloadavg
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/loadavg.h>
, not <stdlib.h>
,
on some platforms:
Solaris 11.4.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpt
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
initstate_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-initstate-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: random_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
jrand48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-jrand48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lcong48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-lcong48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lrand48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-lrand48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkostemp
Documentation:
man mkostemp
Gnulib module: mkostemp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<unistd.h>
instead of <stdlib.h>
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, mkostemp
may not work
correctly to create files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The gnulib module clean-temp
can create temporary files that will not
be left behind after signals such as SIGINT.
mkostemps
Documentation:
man mkostemps
Gnulib module: mkostemps
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<unistd.h>
instead of <stdlib.h>
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, mkostemps
may not work
correctly to create files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The gnulib module clean-temp
can create temporary files that will not
be left behind after signals such as SIGINT.
mrand48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-mrand48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mkstemps
Documentation:
man mkstemps
Gnulib module: mkstemps
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<unistd.h>
instead of <stdlib.h>
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1.
off_t
is a 32-bit type, mkstemps
may not work
correctly to create files larger than 2 GB. (Cf. AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
.)
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
The gnulib module clean-temp
can create temporary files that will not
be left behind after signals such as SIGINT.
nrand48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-nrand48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
on_exit
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ptsname_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: ptsname_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: Portable programs should expect to find the error code as the
return value of this function, not as the value of errno
.
This is needed for compatibility with musl libc and with the
forthcoming POSIX Issue 8.
qecvt
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
qecvt_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
qfcvt
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
qfcvt_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
qgcvt
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
qsort_r
Documentation:
man qsort_r
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
random_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-random-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: random_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rpmatch
Documentation:
Gnulib module: rpmatch
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
secure_getenv
Documentation:
Gnulib module: secure_getenv
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
seed48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-seed48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setstate_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-setstate-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: random_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
srand48_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-srand48-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
srandom_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-srandom-r-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: random_r
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtod_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtof_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtol_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtold_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoll_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoq
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-strtoq-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoul_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtoull_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strtouq
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-strtouq-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<string.h>
explicit_bzero
ffsl
ffsll
memfrob
memmem
mempcpy
memrchr
rawmemchr
sigabbrev_np
sigdescr_np
strcasestr
strchrnul
strerrordesc_np
strerrorname_np
strfry
strsep
strverscmp
explicit_bzero
Documentation:
Gnulib module: explicit_bzero
The explicit_bzero
function is an approximation to what is
needed, and does not suffice in general to erase information.
Although calling explicit_bzero
should clear the memory in
question, the information that was in memory may still be available
elsewhere on the machine. Proper implementation of information
erasure requires support from levels below C code.
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ffsl
Documentation:
man ffsl
Gnulib module: ffsl
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<strings.h>
instead of <string.h>
on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ffsll
Documentation:
man ffsll
Gnulib module: ffsll
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<strings.h>
instead of <string.h>
on some platforms:
AIX 7.2.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memfrob
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memmem
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-memmem-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: memmem or memmem-simple
Both modules implement the same replacement for the memmem
function
with the memmem
module providing a replacement on more platforms where
the existing memmem
function has a quadratic worst-case complexity.
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module memmem-simple
or memmem
:
Performance problems fixed by Gnulib module memmem
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mempcpy
Documentation:
Gnulib module: mempcpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memrchr
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-memrchr.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: memrchr
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
rawmemchr
Documentation:
Gnulib module: rawmemchr
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sigabbrev_np
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Signal-Messages.html.
Gnulib module: sigabbrev_np
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: Gnulib has a module sig2str
that contains an equivalent function
and also one that does the opposite conversion, from an abbreviated signal name
to a signal number.
sigdescr_np
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Signal-Messages.html.
Gnulib module: sigdescr_np
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Note: This function is hardly useful, because it returns English strings, not
internationalized strings. Better use the function strsignal
, which
returns internationalized strings.
strcasestr
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-strcasestr.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: strcasestr or strcasestr-simple
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module strcasestr-simple
or strcasestr
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module strcasestr
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strchrnul
Documentation:
Gnulib module: strchrnul
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strerrordesc_np
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Error-Messages.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strerrorname_np
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Error-Messages.html.
Gnulib module: strerrorname_np
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strfry
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strsep
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-strsep-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: strsep
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strverscmp
Documentation:
Gnulib module: strverscmp
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strverscmp ("B0075022800016.gbp.corp.com",
"B007502357019.GBP.CORP.COM")
does not yield a negative number as it
should):
glibc 2.9
<sys/auxv.h>
getauxval
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/capability.h>
capget
Documentation:
man capget
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
capset
Documentation:
man capset
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/epoll.h>
epoll_create
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-epoll-create-1.html
Documentation:
man epoll_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
epoll_create1
Documentation:
man epoll_create1
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
epoll_ctl
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-epoll-ctl-1.html
Documentation:
man epoll_ctl
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
epoll_pwait
Documentation:
man epoll_pwait
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
epoll_wait
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-epoll-wait-1.html
Documentation:
man epoll_wait
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/eventfd.h>
eventfd
Documentation:
man eventfd
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
eventfd_read
Documentation:
man eventfd_read
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
eventfd_write
Documentation:
man eventfd_write
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/fanotify.h>
fanotify_init
Documentation:
man fanotify_init
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fanotify_mark
Documentation:
man fanotify_mark
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/file.h>
flock
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-flock-2.html
Documentation:
man flock
Gnulib module: flock
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/fsuid.h>
setfsgid
Documentation:
man setfsgid
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setfsuid
Documentation:
man setfsuid
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/gmon.h>
<sys/inotify.h>
inotify_add_watch
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-inotify-add-watch.html
Documentation:
man inotify_add_watch
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inotify_init
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-inotify-init.html
Documentation:
man inotify_init
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inotify_init1
Documentation:
man inotify_init1
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
inotify_rm_watch
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-inotify-rm-watch.html
Documentation:
man inotify_rm_watch
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/io.h>
, <sys/perm.h>
ioperm
Documentation:
man ioperm
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
iopl
Documentation:
man iopl
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/kdaemon.h>
bdflush
Documentation:
man bdflush
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/klog.h>
klogctl
Documentation:
man klogctl
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/mman.h>
madvise
memfd_create
mincore
mlock2
mremap
pkey_alloc
pkey_free
pkey_get
pkey_mprotect
pkey_set
remap_file_pages
madvise
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
memfd_create
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mincore
Documentation:
man mincore
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mlock2
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
mremap
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-mremap.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pkey_alloc
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pkey_free
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pkey_get
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Memory-Protection.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pkey_mprotect
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pkey_set
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Memory-Protection.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
remap_file_pages
Documentation:
man remap_file_pages
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/mount.h>
mount
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
umount
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/personality.h>
personality
Documentation:
man personality
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/prctl.h>
prctl
Documentation:
man prctl
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/profil.h>
<sys/ptrace.h>
ptrace
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-ptrace-1.html
Documentation:
man ptrace
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/quota.h>
quotactl
Documentation:
man quotactl
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/random.h>
getentropy
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getentropy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/random.h>
, not in <unistd.h>
,
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, Solaris 11.4, Android 9.0.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Although this function is intended to produce random data, the data’s security properties may not be appropriate for your application. For example, identical “random” data streams might be produced by rebooted virtual machines. If this is of concern you may need to use additional techniques such as hedging.1
Related modules include getrandom
, which has a more-flexible
but more-complex API, and crypto/gc-random
, which is likely a
better match for code already using the other crypto
APIs.
getrandom
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getrandom
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
GRND_INSECURE
flag is missing on some platforms:
glibc 2.33, macOS 10.15, GNU/kFreeBSD, FreeBSD 12.0, OpenBSD 6.7,
Minix 3.3, Haiku.
GRND_RANDOM
flag has different effects on different platforms.
Some platforms ignore the flag, or yield data that can fail to be
random in some cases.
Although this function is intended to produce random data, the data’s security properties may not be appropriate for your application. For example, identical “random” data streams might be produced by rebooted virtual machines. If this is of concern you may need to use additional techniques such as hedging.2
Related modules include getentropy
, which has a simpler but
more-limited API, and crypto/gc-random
, which is likely a
better match for code already using the other crypto
APIs.
<sys/reboot.h>
reboot
Documentation:
man reboot
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/resource.h>
prlimit
Documentation:
man prlimit
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/sem.h>
semtimedop
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/sendfile.h>
sendfile
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sendfile.html
Documentation:
man sendfile
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
<sys/signalfd.h>
signalfd
Documentation:
man signalfd
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/single_threaded.h>
__libc_single_threaded
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Single_002dThreaded.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/socket.h>
accept4
Documentation:
man accept4
Gnulib module: accept4
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
isfdtype
Documentation:
man isfdtype
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
recvmmsg
Documentation:
man recvmmsg
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sendmmsg
Documentation:
man sendmmsg
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/stat.h>
getumask
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getumask
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lchmod
Gnulib module: lchmod
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
errno
set to ENOSYS
,
even when the file is not a symbolic link:
GNU/Linux with glibc 2.31.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
errno
set to EMFILE
or ENFILE
,
and it fails with errno
set to EOPNOTSUPP
if the
/proc file system is not mounted:
GNU/Linux with glibc 2.33.
statx
Documentation:
man statx
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/statfs.h>
fstatfs
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fstatfs-2.html
Documentation:
man fstatfs
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
f_blocks
in ‘struct statfs’ is a 32-bit
value, this function may not work correctly on files systems larger than
4 TiB. The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro. This affects
Mac OS X.
statfs
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-statfs-2.html
Documentation:
man statfs
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
f_blocks
in ‘struct statfs’ is a 32-bit
value, this function may not work correctly on files systems larger than
4 TiB. The fix is to use the AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro. This affects
Mac OS X.
<sys/swap.h>
swapoff
Documentation:
man swapoff
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
swapon
Documentation:
man swapon
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/sysctl.h>
<sys/sysinfo.h>
get_avphys_pages
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
get_nprocs
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Gnulib provides the module nproc
that performs a similar
function but is portable to more systems.
get_nprocs_conf
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
get_phys_pages
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sysinfo
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sysinfo-1.html
Documentation:
man sysinfo
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/syslog.h>
vsyslog
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-vsyslog-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/sysmacros.h>
gnu_dev_major
Documentation:
man gnu_dev_major
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
AC_HEADER_MAJOR
macro in Autoconf 2.69 and earlier fails to
set MAJOR_IN_SYSMACROS
when it detects namespace pollution in
sys/types.h; which in turn provokes deprecation warnings in
glibc 2.25.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gnu_dev_makedev
Documentation:
man gnu_dev_makedev
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
AC_HEADER_MAJOR
macro in Autoconf 2.69 and earlier fails to
set MAJOR_IN_SYSMACROS
when it detects namespace pollution in
sys/types.h; which in turn provokes deprecation warnings in
glibc 2.25.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gnu_dev_minor
Documentation:
man gnu_dev_minor
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
AC_HEADER_MAJOR
macro in Autoconf 2.69 and earlier fails to
set MAJOR_IN_SYSMACROS
when it detects namespace pollution in
sys/types.h; which in turn provokes deprecation warnings in
glibc 2.25.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/time.h>
adjtime
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-adjtime-2.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
futimes
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-futimes.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
futimens(fd,times)
instead.
futimesat
Documentation:
man futimesat
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
file ? utimensat(fd, file, times, 0) : futimens(fd, times)
or the gnulib module fdutimensat
, instead.
lutimes
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
utimensat(AT_FDCWD,file,times,AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW)
, or the
gnulib module utimens
, instead.
lstat
modifies the access time of
symlinks on some platforms, so lutimes
can only effectively
change modification time:
Cygwin.
settimeofday
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/timerfd.h>
timerfd_create
Documentation:
man timerfd_create
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
timerfd_gettime
Documentation:
man timerfd_gettime
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
timerfd_settime
Documentation:
man timerfd_settime
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/timex.h>
adjtimex
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ntp_adjtime
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ntp_gettime
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ntp_gettimex
Documentation:
man ntp_gettimex
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/uio.h>
preadv
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
preadv2
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
process_vm_readv
Documentation:
man process_vm_readv
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
process_vm_writev
Documentation:
man process_vm_writev
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pwritev
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
off_t
is a 32-bit type, this function may not
work correctly on files larger than 2 GB. The fix is to use the
AC_SYS_LARGEFILE
macro.
pwritev2
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/ustat.h>
ustat
Documentation:
man ustat
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/vlimit.h>
vlimit
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/wait.h>
wait3
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wait4
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-wait4-2.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<sys/xattr.h>
fgetxattr
flistxattr
fremovexattr
fsetxattr
getxattr
lgetxattr
listxattr
llistxattr
lremovexattr
lsetxattr
removexattr
setxattr
fgetxattr
Documentation:
man fgetxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
offset
and options
parameters:
macOS 11.1.
flistxattr
Documentation:
man flistxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fremovexattr
Documentation:
man fremovexattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
fsetxattr
Documentation:
man fsetxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getxattr
Documentation:
man getxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
offset
and options
parameters:
macOS 11.1.
lgetxattr
Documentation:
man lgetxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
listxattr
Documentation:
man listxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
llistxattr
Documentation:
man llistxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lremovexattr
Documentation:
man lremovexattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
lsetxattr
Documentation:
man lsetxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
removexattr
Documentation:
man removexattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setxattr
Documentation:
man setxattr
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<termios.h>
cfmakeraw
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-cfmakeraw-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
cfsetspeed
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-cfsetspeed-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<time.h>
clock_adjtime
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dysize
Documentation:
man dysize
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getdate_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
stime
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-stime-2.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
strptime_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
timegm
Documentation:
Gnulib module: timegm
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
timelocal
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
timespec_get
Gnulib module: timespec_get
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<ttyent.h>
endttyent
Documentation:
man endttyent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getttyent
Documentation:
man getttyent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getttynam
Documentation:
man getttynam
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setttyent
Documentation:
man setttyent
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<unistd.h>
acct
brk
chroot
copy_file_range
daemon
dup3
eaccess
endusershell
euidaccess
execvpe
get_current_dir_name
getdomainname
getdtablesize
getpagesize
getpass
getresgid
getresuid
gettid
getusershell
group_member
pipe2
profil
revoke
sbrk
setlogin
setdomainname
sethostid
sethostname
setresgid
setresuid
setusershell
syncfs
syscall
ttyslot
vhangup
acct
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-acct-3.html
Documentation:
man acct
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
brk
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
chroot
Documentation:
man chroot
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
copy_file_range
Documentation:
Gnulib module: copy-file-range
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
daemon
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-daemon-3.html
Documentation:
man daemon
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
dup3
Documentation:
man dup3
Gnulib module: dup3
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
eaccess
Documentation:
man eaccess
This function is an alias of euidaccess
. See euidaccess
.
endusershell
Documentation:
man endusershell
Gnulib module: getusershell
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
euidaccess
Documentation:
man euidaccess
Gnulib module: euidaccess
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
Other problems of this function:
stat
versus lstat
). If you need this option, use
the Gnulib module faccessat
with the AT_EACCESS
flag.
execvpe
Documentation:
man execvpe
Gnulib module: execvpe
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
intptr_t
, not int
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
get_current_dir_name
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getdomainname
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getdomainname.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getdomainname
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
netdb.h
, not in unistd.h
, on
some platforms:
AIX 7.1.
int
, not size_t
, on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 13.0, AIX 7.1, IRIX 6.5.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getdtablesize
SUSv2 specification: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/7908799/xsh/getdtablesize.html
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getdtablesize.html
Documentation:
man getdtablesize
Gnulib module: getdtablesize
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
RLIMIT_NOFILE
soft
limit on some platforms:
Android LP32, Cygwin 1.7.25.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpagesize
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getpagesize.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getpagesize
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
-D_XOPEN_SOURCE=600
.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getpass
Documentation:
Gnulib module: getpass or getpass-gnu
Portability problems fixed by either Gnulib module getpass
or getpass-gnu
:
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib module getpass-gnu
:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getresgid
Documentation:
man getresgid
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getresuid
Documentation:
man getresuid
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
gettid
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getusershell
Documentation:
man getusershell
Gnulib module: getusershell
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
group_member
Documentation:
man group_member
Gnulib module: group-member
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pipe2
Documentation:
man pipe2
Gnulib module: pipe2
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
EMFILE
if no
resources are left on some platforms:
Cygwin 1.7.9.
Note: This function portably supports the O_NONBLOCK
flag only if the
gnulib module nonblocking
is also used.
profil
Documentation:
man profil
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
revoke
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sbrk
Documentation:
man sbrk
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setlogin
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setdomainname
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sethostid
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
sethostname
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-sethostname-2.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: sethostname
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
char *
instead of const char *
on some platforms:
Solaris 11 2010-11.
int
instead of size_t
on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, MidnightBSD 2.0, Solaris 11 2010-11.
setresgid
Documentation:
man setresgid
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setresuid
Documentation:
man setresuid
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setusershell
Documentation:
man setusershell
Gnulib module: getusershell
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
syncfs
Documentation:
man syncfs
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
syscall
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
ttyslot
Documentation:
man ttyslot
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
vhangup
Documentation:
man vhangup
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<utmp.h>
endutent
getutent
getutent_r
getutid
getutid_r
getutline
getutline_r
pututline
setutent
updwtmp
utmpname
login
login_tty
endutent
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-endutent-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutent
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getutent-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutent_r
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getutent-r-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutid
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutid_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutline
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutline_r
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
pututline
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
setutent
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-setutent-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
updwtmp
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
utmpname
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-utmpname-3.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
login
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
login_tty
Documentation:
Gnulib module: login_tty
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
-lutil
on some platforms:
glibc 2.3.6, FreeBSD 13.0, NetBSD 5.0, OpenBSD 3.8.
It is available without link options on other platforms:
macOS 11.1, Cygwin.
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<utmp.h>
on glibc, Cygwin,
in <util.h>
on macOS 11.1, NetBSD 5.0, OpenBSD 3.8,
and in <libutil.h>
on FreeBSD 13.0, Haiku.
Also note that <sys/types.h>
is
a prerequisite of <utmp.h>
on FreeBSD 8.0, OpenBSD 4.6 and
of <libutil.h>
on FreeBSD 8.0.
<utmpx.h>
getutmp
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
getutmpx
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
updwtmpx
Documentation:
man updwtmpx
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
<wchar.h>
fgetwc_unlocked
fgetws_unlocked
fputwc_unlocked
fputws_unlocked
getwc_unlocked
getwchar_unlocked
putwc_unlocked
putwchar_unlocked
wcschrnul
wcsftime_l
wcstod_l
wcstof_l
wcstol_l
wcstold_l
wcstoll_l
wcstoq
wcstoul_l
wcstoull_l
wcstouq
wmempcpy
fgetwc_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fgetwc-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
fgetws_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fgetws-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
fputwc_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fputwc-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
fputws_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-fputws-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
getwc_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getwc-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
getwchar_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-getwchar-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
putwc_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-putwc-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
putwchar_unlocked
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-putwchar-unlocked-1.html
Documentation:
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcschrnul
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Search-Functions.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcsftime_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstod_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstof_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstol_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstold_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstoll_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstoq
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-wcstoq.html
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Parsing-of-Integers.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstoul_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstoull_l
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wcstouq
LSB specification:
https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/baselib-wcstouq.html
Documentation:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Parsing-of-Integers.html.
Gnulib module: —
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
wmempcpy
Documentation:
Gnulib module: wmempcpy
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
wchar_t
is a 16-bit type and therefore cannot
accommodate all Unicode characters.
There are three ways to create binaries that run on Microsoft Windows:
This chapter deals with the MinGW and MSVC platforms, commonly called “native Windows” platforms. Cygwin, on the other hand, is close enough to POSIX that it can be treated like any other Unix-like platform.
If you want it to be possible to compile your program for a native Windows
platform and you use Libtool, you need to use the win32-dll
option of
LT_INIT
. In other words, put:
LT_INIT([win32-dll])
in your configure.ac. This sets the correct names for the
OBJDUMP
, DLLTOOL
, and AS
tools for the build.
If you are building a library, you will also need to pass
-no-undefined
to make sure Libtool produces a DLL for your
library. From a Makefile.am:
libgsasl_la_LDFLAGS += -no-undefined
The module provides support for files larger than 2 GB, or with device
or inode numbers or timestamps exceeding 32 bits. To this effect, it
ensures that types like off_t
and time_t
are 64-bit when possible,
at least on the following platforms:
glibc, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, AIX, HP-UX, IRIX, Solaris,
Cygwin, mingw, MSVC.
The module ‘windows-stat-inodes’ ensures that,
on native Windows platforms, struct stat
contains
st_dev
, st_ino
fields that are able to distinguish
different inodes.
Note: Such values can only be provided for most files on the
file system. For a few files (such as inaccessible files),
st_dev
and st_ino
are set to 0. Therefore,
you should test whether st_dev != 0 && st_ino != 0
,
before going to make inferences based on the file identity
based on st_dev
and st_ino
.
The module ‘windows-stat-timespec’ ensures that,
on native Windows platforms, struct stat
contains
st_atim
, st_mtim
, st_ctim
fields of type
struct timespec
, providing 100 ns resolution for the timestamps
of files.
Note: On some types of file systems, the timestamp resolution is limited
by the file system. For example, on FAT file systems, st_mtim
only has a resolution of 2 seconds. For more details, see
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/SysInfo/file-times.
The “year 2038 problem” denotes unpredictable behaviour of programs that will likely occur in the year 2038, for programs that use a 32-bit ‘time_t’ type. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Year_2038_problem for details.
The gnulib module ‘year2038’ attempts to avoid this problem, by
ensuring that time_t
is a 64-bit type.
One of the portability problems for native Windows are sockets and networking functions.
This was written for the getaddrinfo
module, but may be applicable to
other functions too.
The getaddrinfo
function exists in ws2tcpip.h
and -lws2_32
on Windows XP. The function declaration is present if WINVER >= 0x0501
.
Windows 2000 does not have getaddrinfo
in its WS2_32.DLL.
Thus, if you want to assume Windows XP or later, you can add
AC_DEFINE([WINVER], [0x0501])
to avoid compiling the (partial)
getaddrinfo
implementation.
If you want to support Windows 2000, don’t do anything. The
replacement function will open WS2_32.DLL during run-time to
see if there is a getaddrinfo
function available, and use it when
available.
If your package does not desire to have MSVC support, that is, if MinGW
shall be the only native Windows platform that you wish to get support
for from Gnulib, and you wish to minimize the number of files imported
from Gnulib accordingly, you can do so by passing the options
‘--avoid=msvc-inval --avoid=msvc-nothrow’ to gnulib-tool
.
The lib-msvc-compat
module detects whether the linker supports
--output-def
when building a library. That parameter is used
to generate a DEF file for a shared library (DLL). DEF files are
useful for developers that use Visual Studio to develop programs that
links to your library. See the GNU LD manual for more information.
There are other ways to create a DEF file, but we believe they are all
sub-optimal to using --output-def
during the build process.
The variants we have considered include:
$ { echo EXPORTS; \ dumpbin /EXPORTS libfoo-0.dll | tail -n+20 | awk '{ print $4 }'; \ } > libfoo-0.def $ lib /def:libfoo-0.def
If you are using libtool to build your shared library, here is how to
use this module. Import lib-msvc-compat
to your project, and
then add the following lines to the Makefile.am
that builds the
library:
if HAVE_LD_OUTPUT_DEF libfoo_la_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--output-def,libfoo-$(DLL_VERSION).def libfoo-$(DLL_VERSION).def: libfoo.la defexecdir = $(libdir) defexec_DATA = libfoo-$(DLL_VERSION).def DISTCLEANFILES += $(defexec_DATA) endif
The DLL_VERSION
variable needs to be defined. It should be the
shared library version number used in the DLL filename. For Windows
targets you compute this value from the values you pass to Libtool’s
-version-info
. Assuming you have variables LT_CURRENT
and LT_AGE
defined for the CURRENT
and AGE
libtool version integers, you compute DLL_VERSION
as follows:
DLL_VERSION=`expr ${LT_CURRENT} - ${LT_AGE}` AC_SUBST(DLL_VERSION)
Multithreading is a programming paradigm. In a multithreaded program, multiple threads execute concurrently (or quasi concurrently) at different places in the program.
There are three motivations for using multithreading in a program:
select
or poll
on all the descriptors and then dispatches
according to from which descriptor input arrived. In a multi-threaded
program, you allocate one thread for each descriptor, and these threads can
be programmed and managed independently.
malloc
; therefore you are very limited in what you can do in
a signal handler. But a signal handler can notify a thread, and the thread
can then do the appropriate processing, as complex as it needs to be.
A multithreading API offers
Note: Programs that achieve multithreading through OpenMP (cf. the gnulib module ‘openmp’) don’t create and manage their threads themselves. Nevertheless, they need to use mutexes/locks in many cases.
Three multithreading APIs are available to Gnulib users:
They are supported on all platforms that have multithreading in one form or the other. Currently, these are all platforms supported by Gnulib, except for Minix.
The main differences are:
int
in the ISO C API.
Here are guidelines for determining which multithreading API is best for your code.
In programs that use advanced POSIX APIs, such as spin locks,
detached threads (pthread_detach
),
signal blocking (pthread_sigmask
),
priorities (pthread_setschedparam
),
processor affinity (pthread_setaffinity_np
), it is best to use
the POSIX API. This is because you cannot convert an ISO C thrd_t
or a Gnulib gl_thread_t
to a POSIX pthread_t
.
In code that is shared with glibc, it is best to use the POSIX API as well.
In libraries, it is best to use the Gnulib API. This is because it gives the person who builds the library an option ‘--enable-threads={isoc,posix,windows}’, that determines on which native multithreading API of the platform to rely. In other words, with this choice, you can minimize the amount of glue code that your library needs to contain.
In the other cases, the POSIX API and the Gnulib API are equally well suited.
The ISO C API is never the best choice, as of this writing (2020).
The POSIX multithreading API is documented in POSIX https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/.
To make use of POSIX multithreading, even on platforms that don’t support it natively (most prominently, native Windows), use the following Gnulib modules:
Purpose | Module |
---|---|
For thread creation and management: | pthread-thread |
For simple and recursive locks: | pthread-mutex |
For read-write locks: | pthread-rwlock |
For once-only execution: | pthread-once |
For “condition variables” (wait queues): | pthread-cond |
For thread-local storage: | pthread-tss |
For relinquishing control: | sched_yield |
For spin locks: | pthread-spin |
There is also a convenience module named pthread
which depends on all
of these (except sched_yield
); so you don’t need to enumerate these
modules one by one.
The ISO C multithreading API is documented in ISO C 11 http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1570.pdf.
To make use of ISO C multithreading, even on platforms that don’t support it or have severe bugs, use the following Gnulib modules:
Purpose | Module |
---|---|
For thread creation and management: | thrd |
For simple locks, recursive locks, and read-write locks: | mtx |
For once-only execution: | mtx |
For “condition variables” (wait queues): | cnd |
For thread-local storage: | tss |
There is also a convenience module named threads
which depends on all
of these; so you don’t need to enumerate these modules one by one.
The Gnulib multithreading API is documented in the respective include files:
<glthread/thread.h>
<glthread/lock.h>
<glthread/cond.h>
<glthread/tls.h>
<glthread/yield.h>
To make use of Gnulib multithreading, use the following Gnulib modules:
Purpose | Module |
---|---|
For thread creation and management: | thread |
For simple locks, recursive locks, and read-write locks: | lock |
For once-only execution: | lock |
For “condition variables” (wait queues): | cond |
For thread-local storage: | tls |
For relinquishing control: | yield |
The Gnulib multithreading supports a configure option ‘--enable-threads={isoc,posix,windows}’, that chooses the underlying thread implementation. Currently (2020):
--enable-threads=posix
is supported and is the best choice on all
platforms except for native Windows. It may also work, to a limited extent,
on mingw with the winpthreads
library, but is not recommended there.
--enable-threads=windows
is supported and is the best choice on
native Windows platforms (mingw and MSVC).
--enable-threads=isoc
is supported on all platforms that have the
ISO C multithreading API. However, --enable-threads=posix
is always
a better choice.
Despite all the optimizations of multithreading primitives that have been implemented over the years — from atomic operations in hardware, over futexes and restartable sequences in the Linux kernel, to lock elision [1] [2]) — single-threaded programs can still profit performance-wise from the assertion that they are single-threaded.
Gnulib defines four facilities that help optimizing for the single-threaded case.
libpthread
. If not, the program has no way to create additional
threads and must therefore be single-threaded. This optimization applies
to all the Gnulib multithreading API (locks, thread-local storage, and more).
thread-optim
module, on glibc ≥ 2.32 systems, allows your code
to skip locking between threads (regardless which of the three multithreading
APIs you use). You need extra code for this: include the
"thread-optim.h"
header file, and use the macro gl_multithreaded
like this:
bool mt = gl_multithreaded (); if (mt) gl_lock_lock (some_lock); ... if (mt) gl_lock_unlock (some_lock);
unlocked-io
module if you want the FILE
stream
functions getc
, putc
, etc. to use unlocked I/O if available,
throughout the package. Unlocked I/O can improve performance, sometimes
dramatically. But unlocked I/O is safe only in single-threaded programs,
as well as in multithreaded programs for which you can guarantee that
every FILE
stream, including stdin
, stdout
, stderr
,
is used only in a single thread.
You need extra code for this optimization to be effective: include the
"unlocked-io.h"
header file. Some Gnulib modules that do operations
on FILE
streams have these preparations already included.
GNULIB_REGEX_SINGLE_THREAD
, if all the
programs in your package invoke the functions of the regex
module
only from a single thread.
GNULIB_MBRTOWC_SINGLE_THREAD
, if all the
programs in your package invoke the functions mbrtowc
, mbrtoc32
,
and the functions of the regex
module only from a single thread. (The
regex
module uses mbrtowc
under the hood.)
GNULIB_WCHAR_SINGLE_LOCALE
, if all the
programs in your package set the locale early and
mbrtowc
, wcwidth
, etc.)
before the locale has been initialized.
This macro optimizes the functions mbrtowc
, mbrtoc32
, and
wcwidth
.
GNULIB_GETUSERSHELL_SINGLE_THREAD
, if all the
programs in your package invoke the functions setusershell
,
getusershell
, endusershell
only from a single thread.
GNULIB_EXCLUDE_SINGLE_THREAD
, if all the
programs in your package invoke the functions of the exclude
module
only from a single thread.
The alloca
module provides for a function alloca
which allocates
memory on the stack, where the system allows it. A memory block allocated with
alloca
exists only until the function that calls alloca
returns
or exits abruptly.
There are a few systems where this is not possible: HP-UX systems, and some
other platforms when the C++ compiler is used. On these platforms the alloca
module provides a malloc
based emulation. This emulation will not free a
memory block immediately when the calling function returns, but rather will
wait until the next alloca
call from a function with the same or a
shorter stack length. Thus, in some cases, a few memory blocks will be kept
although they are not needed any more.
The user can #include <alloca.h>
and use alloca
on all platforms.
Note that the #include <alloca.h>
must be the first one after the
autoconf-generated config.h, for AIX 3 compatibility. Thanks to IBM for
this nice restriction!
Note that GCC 3.1 and 3.2 can inline functions that call alloca
.
When this happens, the memory blocks allocated with alloca
will not be
freed until the end of the calling function. If this calling function
runs a loop calling the function that uses alloca
, the program easily
gets a stack overflow and crashes. To protect against this compiler behaviour,
you can mark the function that uses alloca
with the following attribute:
#ifdef __GNUC__ __attribute__ ((__noinline__)) #endif
An alternative to this module is the ‘alloca-opt’ module.
The alloca-opt
module provides for a function alloca
which allocates
memory on the stack, where the system allows it. A memory block allocated with
alloca
exists only until the function that calls alloca
returns
or exits abruptly.
There are a few systems where this is not possible: HP-UX systems, and some
other platforms when the C++ compiler is used. On these platforms the
alloca-opt
module provides no replacement, just a preprocessor macro
HAVE_ALLOCA.
The user can #include <alloca.h>
on all platforms, and use
alloca
on those platforms where the preprocessor macro HAVE_ALLOCA
evaluates to true. If HAVE_ALLOCA is false, the code should use a heap-based
memory allocation based on malloc
or (in C++) new
. Note that
the #include <alloca.h>
must be the first one after the
autoconf-generated config.h, for AIX 3 compatibility. Thanks to IBM for
this nice restriction!
Note that GCC 3.1 and 3.2 can inline functions that call alloca
.
When this happens, the memory blocks allocated with alloca
will not be
freed until the end of the calling function. If this calling function
runs a loop calling the function that uses alloca
, the program easily
gets a stack overflow and crashes. To protect against this compiler behaviour,
you can mark the function that uses alloca
with the following attribute:
#ifdef __GNUC__ __attribute__ ((__noinline__)) #endif
The standard C library malloc/realloc/calloc/free APIs are prone to a
number of common coding errors. The safe-alloc
module provides
macros that make it easier to avoid many of them. It still uses the
standard C allocation functions behind the scenes.
Some of the memory allocation mistakes that are commonly made are
malloc
, especially
when allocating an array,
malloc
and realloc
for
errors,
malloc
,
free
by forgetting to set the pointer
variable to NULL
,
realloc
when that call fails.
The safe-alloc
module addresses these problems in the following way:
__warn_unused_result__
attribute.
calloc
instead of
malloc
so that the array’s contents are zeroed.
However, memory added to an already-existing array is uninitialized.
Allocate sizeof *ptr
bytes of memory and store the address of
allocated memory in ptr
. Fill the newly allocated memory with
zeros.
Returns −1 on failure, 0 on success.
Allocate an array of count
elements, each sizeof *ptr
bytes long, and store the address of allocated memory in
ptr
. Fill the newly allocated memory with zeros.
Returns −1 on failure, 0 on success.
Allocate an array of count
elements, each sizeof *ptr
bytes long, and store the address of allocated memory in
ptr
. The allocated memory is not initialized.
Returns −1 on failure, 0 on success.
Reallocate the memory pointed to by ptr
to be big enough to hold
at least count
elements, each sizeof *ptr
bytes long,
and store the address of allocated memory in ptr
. If
reallocation fails, the ptr
variable is not modified.
If the new array is smaller than the old one, discard excess contents;
if larger, the newly added storage is not initialized.
Returns −1 on failure, 0 on success.
Free the memory stored in ptr
and set ptr
to
NULL
.
This module provides a header file attribute.h that defines
macros related to C and C++ attributes and the GCC
__attribute__
keyword.
Here is an example of its use:
#include <attribute.h> extern char *crypt (char const *, char const *) ATTRIBUTE_NOTHROW ATTRIBUTE_LEAF ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL ((1, 2));
ATTRIBUTE_NOTHROW
expands to __attribute__
((__nothrow__))
if the compiler is a recent-enough GCC or GCC-like
compiler, and to nothing otherwise. Similarly for
ATTRIBUTE_LEAF
. ATTRIBUTE_NONNULL ((1, 2))
expands to
__attribute__ ((__nonnull__ (1, 2)))
if the compiler is
recent-enough GCC, and to nothing otherwise.
Most of these attribute names begin with ATTRIBUTE_
.
A few do not, because they are part of C2X and their
names are not likely to clash with other macro names.
These macros are DEPRECATED
, FALLTHROUGH
,
MAYBE_UNUSED
, and NODISCARD
, which can
be defined to [[deprecated]]
etc. on C2X platforms.
This module provides a header file verify.h that defines macros related to compile-time verification.
Two of these macros are verify (V)
and verify_expr
(V, EXPR)
. Both accept an integer constant expression
argument V and verify that it is nonzero. If not, a compile-time error
results.
These two macros implement compile-time tests, as opposed to
the standard assert
macro which supports only runtime tests.
Since the tests occur at compile-time, they are more reliable, and
they require no runtime overhead.
verify (V);
is a declaration; it can occur outside of
functions. In contrast, verify_expr (V, EXPR)
is
an expression that returns the value of EXPR; it can be used in
macros that expand to expressions. If EXPR is an integer
constant expression, then verify_expr (V, EXPR)
is
also an integer constant expression. Although EXPR and
verify_expr (V, EXPR)
are guaranteed to have the
same side effects and value and type (after integer promotion), they
need not have the same type if EXPR’s type is an integer that is
narrower than int
or unsigned int
.
V should be an integer constant expression in the sense
of the C standard. Its leaf operands should be integer, enumeration,
or character constants; or sizeof
expressions that return
constants; or floating constants that are the immediate operands of
casts. Outside a sizeof
subexpression, V should
not contain any assignments, function calls, comma operators, casts to
non-integer types, or subexpressions whose values are outside the
representable ranges for their types. If V is not an
integer constant expression, then a compiler might reject a usage like
‘verify (V);’ even when V is
nonzero.
Although the standard assert
macro is a runtime test, C2X
specifies a builtin _Static_assert (V)
,
its assert.h header has a similar macro
named static_assert
, and C++17 has a similar
static_assert
builtin. These builtins and macros differ
from verify
in two major ways. First, they can also be used
within a struct
or union
specifier, in place of an
ordinary member declaration. Second, they allow the programmer to
specify, as an optional second argument, a compile-time diagnostic as
a string literal. If your program is not intended to be portable to
compilers that lack C2X or C++17 static_assert
, the only
advantage of verify
is that its name is a bit shorter.
The verify.h header defines one more macro, assume
(E)
, which expands to an expression of type void
that causes the compiler to assume that E yields a nonzero
value. E should be a scalar expression, and should not
have side effects; it may or may not be evaluated. The behavior is
undefined if E would yield zero. The main use of assume
is optimization, as the compiler may be able to generate better code
if it assumes E. For best results, E should be simple
enough that a compiler can determine that it has no side effects: if
E calls an external function or accesses volatile storage the
compiler may not be able to optimize E away and assume
(E)
may therefore slow down the program.
Here are some example uses of these macros.
#include <verify.h> #include <limits.h> #include <time.h> /* Verify that time_t is an integer type. */ verify ((time_t) 1.5 == 1); /* Verify that time_t is no smaller than int. */ verify (sizeof (int) <= sizeof (time_t)); /* Verify that time_t is signed. */ verify ((time_t) -1 < 0); /* Verify that time_t uses two's complement representation. */ verify (~ (time_t) -1 == 0); /* Return the maximum value of the integer type T, verifying that T is an unsigned integer type. The cast to (T) is outside the call to verify_expr so that the result is of type T even when T is narrower than unsigned int. */ #define MAX_UNSIGNED_VAL(t) \ ((T) verify_expr (0 < (T) -1, -1)) /* Return T divided by CHAR_MAX + 1, where behavior is undefined if T < 0. In the common case where CHAR_MAX is 127 the compiler can therefore implement the division by shifting T right 7 bits, an optimization that would not be valid if T were negative. */ time_t time_index (time_t t) { assume (0 <= t); return t / (CHAR_MAX + 1); }
A "non-returning" function is a function which cannot return normally.
It can transfer control only through longjmp()
, throw
(in C++), or similar mechanisms. The most prominent function of this
class is the abort
function. Non-returning functions are
declared with a void
return type.
It helps the compiler’s ability to emit sensible warnings, following data-flow analysis, to declare which functions are non-returning.
To decorate function declarations and function definitions, you can
use the _Noreturn
keyword. No modules are needed, as Gnulib
arranges for <config.h>
to define _Noreturn
to an
appropriate replacement on platforms lacking it.
Gnulib has two modules that support such a declaration:
_GL_NORETURN_FUNC
for use in function declarations and function
definitions.
_GL_NORETURN_FUNCPTR
for use on function pointers.
The include file is <noreturn.h>
.
noreturn
instead of _Noreturn
;
unfortunately, noreturn
is a no-op on some platforms even
though _Noreturn
works on them. The include file is
<stdnoreturn.h>
.
Which of the two modules to use? If the non-returning functions you
have to declare are unlikely to be accessed through function pointers,
you should use module stdnoreturn
; otherwise the module
noreturn
provides for better data-flow analysis and thus for
better warnings.
For a detailed description of the stdnoreturn
module, see
stdnoreturn.h.
The intprops
module consists of an include file <intprops.h>
that defines several macros useful for testing properties of integer
types.
Integer overflow is a common source of problems in programs written in C and other languages. In some cases, such as signed integer arithmetic in C programs, the resulting behavior is undefined, and practical platforms do not always behave as if integers wrap around reliably. In other cases, such as unsigned integer arithmetic in C, the resulting behavior is well-defined, but programs may still misbehave badly after overflow occurs.
Many techniques have been proposed to attack these problems. These include precondition testing, wraparound behavior where signed integer arithmetic is guaranteed to be modular, saturation semantics where overflow reliably yields an extreme value, undefined behavior sanitizers where overflow is guaranteed to trap, and various static analysis techniques.
Gnulib supports wraparound arithmetic and precondition testing, as these are relatively easy to support portably and efficiently. There are two families of precondition tests: the first, for integer types, is easier to use, while the second, for integer ranges, has a simple and straightforward portable implementation.
Like other Gnulib modules, the implementation of the intprops
module assumes that integers use a two’s complement representation,
but it does not assume that signed integer arithmetic wraps around.
See Other portability assumptions made by Gnulib.
TYPE_IS_INTEGER (t)
is an arithmetic constant
expression that is 1 if the arithmetic type t is an integer type.
_Bool
counts as an integer type.
TYPE_SIGNED (t)
is an arithmetic constant expression
that is 1 if the real type t is a signed integer type or a
floating type. If t is an integer type, TYPE_SIGNED (t)
is an integer constant expression.
EXPR_SIGNED (e)
is 1 if the real expression e
has a signed integer type or a floating type. If e is an
integer constant expression or an arithmetic constant expression,
EXPR_SIGNED (e)
is likewise. The expression
e is not evaluated, and EXPR_SIGNED
(e)
is typically optimized to a constant.
Example usage:
#include <intprops.h> #include <time.h> enum { time_t_is_signed_integer = TYPE_IS_INTEGER (time_t) && TYPE_SIGNED (time_t) }; int CLOCKS_PER_SEC_is_signed (void) { return EXPR_SIGNED (CLOCKS_PER_SEC); }
INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (t)
is an integer constant
expression that is a bound on the size of the string representing an
integer type or expression t in decimal notation, including the
terminating null character and any leading -
character. For
example, if INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (int)
is 12, any value of type
int
can be represented in 12 bytes or less, including the
terminating null. The bound is not necessarily tight.
Example usage:
#include <intprops.h> #include <stdio.h> int int_strlen (int i) { char buf[INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (int)]; return sprintf (buf, "%d", i); }
INT_STRLEN_BOUND (t)
is an integer constant
expression that is a bound on the length of the string representing an
integer type or expression t in decimal notation, including any
leading -
character. This is one less than
INT_BUFSIZE_BOUND (t)
.
TYPE_MINIMUM (t)
and TYPE_MAXIMUM (t)
are
integer constant expressions equal to the minimum and maximum
values of the integer type t. These expressions are of the type
t (or more precisely, the type t after integer
promotions).
Example usage:
#include <stdint.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <intprops.h> int in_off_t_range (intmax_t a) { return TYPE_MINIMUM (off_t) <= a && a <= TYPE_MAXIMUM (off_t); }
Signed integer arithmetic has undefined behavior on overflow in C. Although almost all modern computers use two’s complement signed arithmetic that is well-defined to wrap around, C compilers routinely optimize assuming that signed integer overflow cannot occur, which means that a C program cannot easily get at the underlying machine arithmetic. For example:
if ((a + b < b) == (a < 0)) a += b; else printf ("overflow\n");
might not work as expected if a
and b
are signed,
because a compiler can assume that signed overflow cannot occur and
treat the entire if
expression as if it were true. And even if
a
is unsigned, the expression might not work as expected if
b
is negative or is wider than a
.
The following macros work around this problem by returning an overflow
indication while computing the sum, difference, or product of two
integers. For example, if i
is of type int
,
INT_ADD_OK (INT_MAX - 1, 1, &i)
sets i
to
INT_MAX
and returns true, whereas INT_ADD_OK (INT_MAX, 1,
&i)
returns false.
Example usage:
#include <intprops.h> #include <stdio.h> /* Compute A * B, reporting whether overflow occurred. */ void print_product (long int a, long int b) { long int r; if (INT_MULTIPLY_OK (a, b, r)) printf ("result is %ld\n", r); else printf ("overflow\n"); }
These macros work for both signed and unsigned integers, so they can
be used with integer types like time_t
that may or may not be
signed, depending on the platform.
These macros have the following restrictions:
INT_ADD_OK (a, b, r)
¶Compute the sum of a and b. If it fits into
*r
, store it there and return true. Otherwise return
false, possibly modifying *r
to an unspecified value.
See above for restrictions.
INT_SUBTRACT_OK (a, b, r)
¶Compute the difference between a and b. If it fits into
*r
, store it there and return true. Otherwise return
false, possibly modifying *r
to an unspecified value.
See above for restrictions.
INT_MULTIPLY_OK (a, b, r)
¶Compute the product of a and b. If it fits into
*r
, store it there and return true. Otherwise return
false, possibly modifying *r
to an unspecified value.
See above for restrictions.
Other macros are available if you need wrapped-around results when overflow occurs (see Wraparound Arithmetic with Integers), or if you need to check for overflow in operations other than addition, subtraction, and multiplication (see Integer Type Overflow).
Signed integer arithmetic has undefined behavior on overflow in C.
Although almost all modern computers use two’s complement signed
arithmetic that is well-defined to wrap around, C compilers routinely
optimize assuming that signed integer overflow cannot occur, which
means that a C program cannot easily get at the underlying machine
arithmetic. For example, on a typical machine with 32-bit two’s
complement int
the expression INT_MAX + 1
does not
necessarily yield INT_MIN
, because the compiler may do
calculations with a 64-bit register, or may generate code that
traps on signed integer overflow.
The following macros work around this problem by storing the
wraparound value, i.e., the low-order bits of the correct answer, and
by returning an overflow indication. For example, if i
is of
type int
, INT_ADD_WRAPV (INT_MAX, 1, &i)
sets i
to INT_MIN
and returns 1 on a two’s complement machine.
See Integer Type Overflow.
Example usage:
#include <intprops.h> #include <stdio.h> /* Print the low order bits of A * B, reporting whether overflow occurred. */ void print_product (long int a, long int b) { long int r; int overflow = INT_MULTIPLY_WRAPV (a, b, &r); printf ("result is %ld (%s)\n", r, (overflow ? "after overflow" : "no overflow")); }
These macros work for both signed and unsigned integers, so they can
be used with integer types like time_t
that may or may not be
signed, depending on the platform.
These macros have the following restrictions:
INT_ADD_WRAPV (a, b, r)
¶Store the low-order bits of the sum of a and b into
*r
. Return true if overflow occurred, false if the
low-order bits are the mathematically-correct sum. See above for
restrictions.
INT_SUBTRACT_WRAPV (a, b, r)
¶Store the low-order bits of the difference between a and b
into *r
. Return true if overflow occurred, false if the
low-order bits are the mathematically-correct difference. See above
for restrictions.
INT_MULTIPLY_WRAPV (a, b, r)
¶Store the low-order bits of the product of a and b into
*r
. Return true if overflow occurred, false if the
low-order bits are the mathematically-correct product. See above for
restrictions.
Other macros are available if you do not need wrapped-around results when overflow occurs (see Checking Integer Overflow), or if you need to check for overflow in operations other than addition, subtraction, and multiplication (see Integer Type Overflow).
Although unsigned integer arithmetic wraps around modulo a power of
two, signed integer arithmetic has undefined behavior on overflow in
C. Almost all modern computers use two’s complement signed
arithmetic that is well-defined to wrap around, but C compilers
routinely optimize based on the assumption that signed integer
overflow cannot occur, which means that a C program cannot easily get
at the underlying machine behavior. For example, the signed integer
expression (a + b < b) != (a < 0)
is not a reliable test for
whether a + b
overflows, because a compiler can assume that
signed overflow cannot occur and treat the entire expression as if it
were false.
These macros yield 1 if the corresponding C operators might not yield numerically correct answers due to arithmetic overflow of an integer type. They work correctly on all known practical hosts, and do not rely on undefined behavior due to signed arithmetic overflow. They are integer constant expressions if their arguments are. They are typically easier to use than the integer range overflow macros (see Integer Range Overflow), and they support more operations and evaluation contexts than the wraparound macros (see Wraparound Arithmetic with Integers).
Example usage:
#include <intprops.h> #include <limits.h> #include <stdio.h> /* Print A * B if in range, an overflow indicator otherwise. */ void print_product (long int a, long int b) { if (INT_MULTIPLY_OVERFLOW (a, b)) printf ("multiply would overflow"); else printf ("product is %ld", a * b); } /* Does the product of two ints always fit in a long int? */ enum { INT_PRODUCTS_FIT_IN_LONG = ! (INT_MULTIPLY_OVERFLOW ((long int) INT_MIN, INT_MIN)) };
These macros have the following restrictions:
These macros are tuned for their last argument being a constant.
INT_ADD_OVERFLOW (a, b)
¶Yield 1 if a + b
would overflow. See above for
restrictions.
INT_SUBTRACT_OVERFLOW (a, b)
¶Yield 1 if a - b
would overflow. See above for
restrictions.
INT_NEGATE_OVERFLOW (a)
¶Yields 1 if -a
would overflow. See above for restrictions.
INT_MULTIPLY_OVERFLOW (a, b)
¶Yield 1 if a * b
would overflow. See above for
restrictions.
INT_DIVIDE_OVERFLOW (a, b)
¶Yields 1 if a / b
would overflow. See above for
restrictions. Division overflow can happen on two’s complement hosts
when dividing the most negative integer by −1. This macro does
not check for division by zero.
INT_REMAINDER_OVERFLOW (a, b)
¶Yield 1 if a % b
would overflow. See above for
restrictions. Remainder overflow can happen on two’s complement hosts
when dividing the most negative integer by −1; although the
mathematical result is always 0, in practice some implementations
trap, so this counts as an overflow. This macro does not check for
division by zero.
INT_LEFT_SHIFT_OVERFLOW (a, b)
¶Yield 1 if a << b
would overflow. See above for
restrictions. The C standard says that behavior is undefined for
shifts unless 0≤b<w where w is a’s word
width, and that when a is negative then a <<
b
has undefined behavior, but this macro does not check these
other restrictions.
These macros yield 1 if the corresponding C operators might not yield numerically correct answers due to arithmetic overflow. They do not rely on undefined or implementation-defined behavior. They are integer constant expressions if their arguments are. Their implementations are simple and straightforward, but they are typically harder to use than the integer type overflow macros. See Integer Type Overflow.
Although the implementation of these macros is similar to that suggested in the SEI CERT C Secure Coding Standard, in its two sections “INT30-C. Ensure that unsigned integer operations do not wrap” and “INT32-C. Ensure that operations on signed integers do not result in overflow”, Gnulib’s implementation was derived independently of CERT’s suggestions.
Example usage:
#include <intprops.h> #include <limits.h> #include <stdio.h> void print_product (long int a, long int b) { if (INT_MULTIPLY_RANGE_OVERFLOW (a, b, LONG_MIN, LONG_MAX)) printf ("multiply would overflow"); else printf ("product is %ld", a * b); } /* Does the product of two ints always fit in a long int? */ enum { INT_PRODUCTS_FIT_IN_LONG = ! (INT_MULTIPLY_RANGE_OVERFLOW ((long int) INT_MIN, (long int) INT_MIN, LONG_MIN, LONG_MAX)) };
These macros have the following restrictions:
(unsigned int) 0
.
These macros are tuned for constant min and max. For
commutative operations such as a + b
, they are also
tuned for constant b.
INT_ADD_RANGE_OVERFLOW (a, b, min, max)
¶Yield 1 if a + b
would overflow in
[min,max] integer arithmetic. See above for restrictions.
INT_SUBTRACT_RANGE_OVERFLOW (a, b, min, max)
¶Yield 1 if a - b
would overflow in
[min,max] integer arithmetic. See above for restrictions.
INT_NEGATE_RANGE_OVERFLOW (a, min, max)
¶Yield 1 if -a
would overflow in [min,max]
integer arithmetic. See above for restrictions.
INT_MULTIPLY_RANGE_OVERFLOW (a, b, min, max)
¶Yield 1 if a * b
would overflow in
[min,max] integer arithmetic. See above for restrictions.
INT_DIVIDE_RANGE_OVERFLOW (a, b, min, max)
¶Yield 1 if a / b
would overflow in
[min,max] integer arithmetic. See above for restrictions.
Division overflow can happen on two’s complement hosts when dividing
the most negative integer by −1. This macro does not check for
division by zero.
INT_REMAINDER_RANGE_OVERFLOW (a, b, min, max)
¶Yield 1 if a % b
would overflow in
[min,max] integer arithmetic. See above for restrictions.
Remainder overflow can happen on two’s complement hosts when dividing
the most negative integer by −1; although the mathematical
result is always 0, in practice some implementations trap, so this
counts as an overflow. This macro does not check for division by
zero.
INT_LEFT_SHIFT_RANGE_OVERFLOW (a, b, min, max)
¶Yield 1 if a << b
would overflow in
[min,max] integer arithmetic. See above for restrictions.
Here, min and max are for a only, and b need
not be of the same type as the other arguments. The C standard says
that behavior is undefined for shifts unless 0≤b<w
where w is a’s word width, and that when a is negative
then a << b
has undefined behavior, but this macro
does not check these other restrictions.
In order to mark functions as static inline
, the only
prerequisite you need is an AC_REQUIRE([AC_C_INLINE])
.
No Gnulib module is needed.
The extern-inline
module supports the use of C99-style
extern inline
functions so that the code still runs on
compilers that do not support this feature correctly.
C code ordinarily should not use inline
. Typically it is
better to let the compiler figure out whether to inline, as compilers
are pretty good about optimization nowadays. In this sense,
inline
is like register
, another keyword that is
typically no longer needed.
Functions defined (not merely declared) in headers are an exception,
as avoiding inline
would commonly cause problems for these
functions. Suppose aaa.h defines the function aaa_fun
,
and aaa.c, bbb.c and ccc.c all include
aaa.h. If code is intended to portable to non-C99 compilers,
aaa_fun
cannot be declared with the C99 inline
keyword.
This problem cannot be worked around by making aaa_fun
an
ordinary function, as it would be defined three times with external
linkage and the definitions would clash. Although aaa_fun
could be a static function, with separate compilation if
aaa_fun
is not inlined its code will appear in the executable
three times.
To avoid this code bloat, aaa.h can do this:
/* aaa.h */ /* #include any other headers here */ #ifndef _GL_INLINE_HEADER_BEGIN #error "Please include config.h first." #endif _GL_INLINE_HEADER_BEGIN #ifndef AAA_INLINE # define AAA_INLINE _GL_INLINE #endif ... AAA_INLINE int aaa_fun (int i) { return i + 1; } ... _GL_INLINE_HEADER_END
and aaa.c can do this:
/* aaa.c */ #include <config.h> #define AAA_INLINE _GL_EXTERN_INLINE #include <aaa.h>
whereas bbb.c and ccc.c can include aaa.h in the
usual way. C99 compilers expand AAA_INLINE
to C99-style
inline
usage, where aaa_fun
is declared extern
inline
in aaa.c and plain inline
in other modules.
Non-C99 compilers that are compatible with GCC use GCC-specific syntax
to accomplish the same ends. Other non-C99 compilers use static
inline
so they suffer from code bloat, but they are not mainline
platforms and will die out eventually.
_GL_INLINE
is a portable alternative to C99 plain inline
.
_GL_EXTERN_INLINE
is a portable alternative to C99 extern inline
.
Invoke _GL_INLINE_HEADER_BEGIN
before all uses of
_GL_INLINE
in an include file. This suppresses some
bogus warnings in GCC versions before 5.1. If an include file includes
other files, it is better to invoke this macro after including the
other files.
Invoke _GL_INLINE_HEADER_END
after all uses of
_GL_INLINE
in an include file.
Usually, when a program gets invoked, its file descriptors 0 (for standard input), 1 (for standard output), and 2 (for standard error) are open. But there are situations when some of these file descriptors are closed. These situations can arise when
close()
on the file descriptor before
exec
, or
posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose()
for
the file descriptor before posix_spawn
or posix_spawnp
, or
<&-
for closing standard input,
>&-
for closing standard output, or
2>&-
for closing standard error.
When a closed file descriptor is accessed through a system call, such as
fcntl()
, fstat()
, read()
, or write()
, the
system calls fails with error EBADF
("Bad file descriptor").
When a new file descriptor is allocated, the operating system chooses the smallest non-negative integer that does not yet correspond to an open file descriptor. So, when a given fd (0, 1, or 2) is closed, opening a new file descriptor may assign the new file descriptor to this fd. This can have unintended effects, because now standard input/output/error of your process is referring to a file that was not meant to be used in that role.
This situation is a security risk because the behaviour of the program in this situation was surely never tested, therefore anything can happen then – from overwriting precious files of the user to endless loops.
To deal with this situation, you first need to determine whether your program is affected by the problem.
open()
, openat()
, creat()
dup()
fopen()
, freopen()
pipe()
, pipe2()
, popen()
opendir()
tmpfile()
, mkstemp()
, mkstemps()
, mkostemp()
,
mkostemps()
Note that you also have to consider the libraries that your program uses.
O_RDONLY
mode will produce an error EBADF
, as desired.
If your program is affected, what is the mitigation?
Some operating systems install open file descriptors in place of the
closed ones, either in the exec
system call or during program
startup. When such a file descriptor is accessed through a system call,
it behaves like an open file descriptor opened for the “wrong” direction:
the system calls fcntl()
and fstat()
succeed, whereas
read()
from fd 0 and write()
to fd 1 or 2 fail with error
EBADF
("Bad file descriptor"). The important point here is that
when your program allocates a new file descriptor, it will have a value
greater than 2.
This mitigation is enabled on HP-UX, for all programs, and on glibc, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, but only for setuid or setgid programs. Since it is operating system dependent, it is not a complete mitigation.
For a complete mitigation, Gnulib provides two alternative sets of modules:
xstdopen
module.
*-safer
modules:
fcntl-safer
,
openat-safer
,
unistd-safer
,
fopen-safer
,
freopen-safer
,
pipe2-safer
,
popen-safer
,
dirent-safer
,
tmpfile-safer
,
stdlib-safer
.
The approach with the xstdopen
module is simpler, but it adds three
system calls to program startup. Whereas the approach with the *-safer
modules is more complex, but adds no overhead (no additional system calls)
in the normal case.
To use the approach with the xstdopen
module:
xstdopen
from Gnulib.
main
function, include
"xstdopen.h"
.
main
function, near the beginning, namely right after
the i18n related initializations (setlocale
, bindtextdomain
,
textdomain
invocations, if any) and
the closeout
initialization (if any), insert the invocation:
/* Ensure that stdin, stdout, stderr are open. */ xstdopen ();
To use the approach with the *-safer
modules:
Do so according to this table:
Function | Module | Header file |
---|---|---|
open() | fcntl-safer | "fcntl--.h" |
openat() | openat-safer | "fcntl--.h" |
creat() | fcntl-safer | "fcntl--.h" |
dup() | unistd-safer | "unistd--.h" |
fopen() | fopen-safer | "stdio--.h" |
freopen() | freopen-safer | "stdio--.h" |
pipe() | unistd-safer | "unistd--.h" |
pipe2() | pipe2-safer | "unistd--.h" |
popen() | popen-safer | "stdio--.h" |
opendir() | dirent-safer | "dirent--.h" |
tmpfile() | tmpfile-safer | "stdio--.h" |
mkstemp() | stdlib-safer | "stdlib--.h" |
mkstemps() | stdlib-safer | "stdlib--.h" |
mkostemp() | stdlib-safer | "stdlib--.h" |
mkostemps() | stdlib-safer | "stdlib--.h" |
Gnulib provides several generic container data types. They can be used to organize collections of application-defined objects.
Data type | Details | Module | Main include file | Include file for operations with out-of-memory checking |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sequential list | Can contain any number of objects in any given order. Duplicates are allowed, but can optionally be forbidden. | list | "gl_list.h" | "gl_xlist.h" |
Set | Can contain any number of objects; the order does not matter. Duplicates (in the sense of the comparator) are forbidden. | set | "gl_set.h" | "gl_xset.h" |
Ordered set | Can contain any number of objects in the order of a given comparator function. Duplicates (in the sense of the comparator) are forbidden. | oset | "gl_oset.h" | "gl_xoset.h" |
Map | Can contain any number of (key, value) pairs, where keys and values are objects; there are no (key, value1) and (key, value2) pairs with the same key (in the sense of a given comparator function). | map | "gl_map.h" | "gl_xmap.h" |
Ordered map | Can contain any number of (key, value) pairs, where keys and values are objects; the (key, value) pairs are ordered by the key, in the order of a given comparator function; there are no (key, value1) and (key, value2) pairs with the same key (in the sense of the comparator function). | omap | "gl_omap.h" | "gl_xomap.h" |
Operations without out-of-memory checking (suitable for use in libraries) are declared in the “main include file”. Whereas operations with out-of-memory checking (suitable only in programs) are declared in the “include file for operations with out-of-memory checking”.
For each of the data types, several implementations are available, with
different performance profiles with respect to the available operations.
This enables you to start with the simplest implementation (ARRAY) initially,
and switch to a more suitable implementation after profiling your application.
The implementation of each container instance is specified in a single place
only: in the invocation of the function gl_*_create_empty
that creates
the instance.
The implementations and the guaranteed average performance for the operations for the “sequential list” data type are:
Operation | ARRAY | CARRAY | LINKED | TREE | LINKEDHASH with duplicates | LINKEDHASH without duplicates | TREEHASH with duplicates | TREEHASH without duplicates |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gl_list_size | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) |
gl_list_node_value | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) |
gl_list_node_set_value | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(1) |
gl_list_next_node | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_previous_node | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_first_node | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_last_node | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_get_at | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_get_first | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_get_last | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_set_at | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_set_first | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_set_last | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_search | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) |
gl_list_search_from | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_search_from_to | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_indexof | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_indexof_from | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_indexof_from_to | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_add_first | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_add_last | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_add_before | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_add_after | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_add_at | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_remove_node | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_remove_at | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_remove_first | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_remove_last | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_remove | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_list_iterator | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_iterator_from_to | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_list_iterator_next | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_sortedlist_search | O(log n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_sortedlist_search_from | O(log n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_sortedlist_indexof | O(log n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_sortedlist_indexof_from | O(log n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_sortedlist_add | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
gl_sortedlist_remove | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(log n) | O(n) | O(n) | O((log n)2) | O(log n) |
The implementations and the guaranteed average performance for the operations for the “set” data type are:
Operation | ARRAY | LINKEDHASH, HASH |
---|---|---|
gl_set_size | O(1) | O(1) |
gl_set_add | O(n) | O(1) |
gl_set_remove | O(n) | O(1) |
gl_set_search | O(n) | O(1) |
gl_set_iterator | O(1) | O(1) |
gl_set_iterator_next | O(1) | O(1) |
The implementations and the guaranteed average performance for the operations for the “ordered set” data type are:
Operation | ARRAY | TREE |
---|---|---|
gl_oset_size | O(1) | O(1) |
gl_oset_add | O(n) | O(log n) |
gl_oset_remove | O(n) | O(log n) |
gl_oset_search | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_oset_search_atleast | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_oset_iterator | O(1) | O(log n) |
gl_oset_iterator_next | O(1) | O(log n) |
The implementations and the guaranteed average performance for the operations for the “map” data type are:
Operation | ARRAY | LINKEDHASH, HASH |
---|---|---|
gl_map_size | O(1) | O(1) |
gl_map_get | O(n) | O(1) |
gl_map_put | O(n) | O(1) |
gl_map_remove | O(n) | O(1) |
gl_map_search | O(n) | O(1) |
gl_map_iterator | O(1) | O(1) |
gl_map_iterator_next | O(1) | O(1) |
The implementations and the guaranteed average performance for the operations for the “ordered map” data type are:
Operation | ARRAY | TREE |
---|---|---|
gl_omap_size | O(1) | O(1) |
gl_omap_get | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_omap_put | O(n) | O(log n) |
gl_omap_remove | O(n) | O(log n) |
gl_omap_search | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_omap_search_atleast | O(log n) | O(log n) |
gl_omap_iterator | O(1) | O(log n) |
gl_omap_iterator_next | O(1) | O(log n) |
For C++, Gnulib provides a C++ template class for each of these container data types.
Data type | C++ class | Module | Include file |
---|---|---|---|
Sequential list | gl_List | list-c++ | "gl_list.hh" |
Set | gl_Set | set-c++ | "gl_set.hh" |
Ordered set | gl_OSet | oset-c++ | "gl_oset.hh" |
Map | gl_Map | map-c++ | "gl_map.hh" |
Ordered map | gl_OMap | omap-c++ | "gl_omap.hh" |
The hamt
module implements the hash array mapped trie (HAMT) data
structure. This is a data structure that contains (key, value) pairs.
Lookup of a (key, value) pair given the key is on average an O(1)
operation, assuming a good hash function for the keys is employed.
The HAMT data structure is useful when you want modifications (additions of pairs, removal, value changes) to be visible only to some part of your program, whereas other parts of the program continue to use the unmodified HAMT. The HAMT makes this possible in a space-efficient manner: the modified and the unmodified HAMT share most of their allocated memory. It is also time-efficient: Every such modification is O(1) on average, again assuming a good hash function for the keys.
A HAMT can be used whenever an ordinary hash table would be used. It does however, provide non-destructive updating operations without the need to copy the whole container. On the other hand, a hash table is simpler so that its performance may be better when non-destructive update operations are not needed.
For example, a HAMT can be used to model the dynamic environment in a LISP interpreter. Updating a value in the dynamic environment of one continuation frame would not modify values in earlier frames.
To use the module, include hamt.h
in your code. The public
interface is documented in that header file. You have to provide a hash
function and an equivalence relation, which defines key equality. The
module includes a test file test-hamt.c
, which demonstrates how
the API can be used.
In the current implementation, each inner node of the HAMT can store up to 32 = 2^5 entries and subtries. Whenever a collision between the initial bits of the hash values of two entries would happen, the next 5 bits of the hash values are examined and the two entries pushed down one level in the trie.
HAMTs have the same average access times as hash tables but grow and shrink dynamically, so they use memory more economically and do not have to be periodically resized.
They were described and analyzed in Phil Bagwell (2000). Ideal Hash Trees (Report). Infoscience Department, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.
The persistence aspect of the HAMT data structure, which means that each updating operation (like inserting, replacing, or removing an entry) returns a new HAMT while leaving the original one intact, is achieved through structure sharing, which is even safe in the presence of multiple threads when the used C compiler supports atomics.
The functions in this section are similar to the generic string functions from the standard C library, except that
The c-ctype
module contains functions operating on single-byte
characters, like the functions in <ctype.h>
, that operate as if the
locale encoding was ASCII. (The "C" locale on many systems has the locale
encoding "ASCII".)
The functions are:
extern bool c_isascii (int c); extern bool c_isalnum (int c); extern bool c_isalpha (int c); extern bool c_isblank (int c); extern bool c_iscntrl (int c); extern bool c_isdigit (int c); extern bool c_islower (int c); extern bool c_isgraph (int c); extern bool c_isprint (int c); extern bool c_ispunct (int c); extern bool c_isspace (int c); extern bool c_isupper (int c); extern bool c_isxdigit (int c); extern int c_tolower (int c); extern int c_toupper (int c);
These functions assign properties only to ASCII characters.
The c argument can be a char
or unsigned char
value,
whereas the corresponding functions in <ctype.h>
take an argument
that is actually an unsigned char
value.
The c_is*
functions return ‘bool’, where the corresponding
functions in <ctype.h>
return ‘int’ for historical reasons.
Note: The <ctype.h>
functions support only unibyte locales.
The c-strcase
module contains case-insensitive string comparison
functions operating on single-byte character strings, like the functions in
<strings.h>
, that operate as if the locale encoding was ASCII.
(The "C" locale on many systems has the locale encoding "ASCII".)
The functions are:
extern int c_strcasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2); extern int c_strncasecmp (const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
For case conversion here, only ASCII characters are considered to be upper case or lower case.
Note: The functions strcasecmp
, strncasecmp
from
<strings.h>
support only unibyte locales; for multibyte locales,
you need the functions mbscasecmp
, mbsncasecmp
,
mbspcasecmp
.
The c-strcaseeq
module contains an optimized case-insensitive
string comparison function operating on single-byte character strings, that
operate as if the locale encoding was ASCII.
(The "C" locale on many systems has the locale encoding "ASCII".)
The functions is actually implemented as a macro:
extern int STRCASEEQ (const char *s1, const char *s2, int s20, int s21, int s22, int s23, int s24, int s25, int s26, int s27, int s28);
s2 should be a short literal ASCII string, and s20, s21, ... the individual characters of s2.
For case conversion here, only ASCII characters are considered to be upper case or lower case.
The c-strcasestr
module contains a case-insensitive string search
function operating on single-byte character strings, that operate as if the
locale encoding was ASCII.
(The "C" locale on many systems has the locale encoding "ASCII".)
The function is:
extern char *c_strcasestr (const char *haystack, const char *needle);
For case conversion here, only ASCII characters are considered to be upper case or lower case.
Note: The function strcasestr
from <string.h>
supports only
unibyte locales; for multibyte locales, you need the function
mbscasestr
.
The c-strstr
module contains a substring search function operating
on single-byte character strings, that operate as if the locale encoding
was ASCII.
(The "C" locale on many systems has the locale encoding "ASCII".)
The function is:
extern char *c_strstr (const char *haystack, const char *needle);
Note: The function strstr
from <string.h>
supports only
unibyte locales; for multibyte locales, you need the function
mbsstr
.
The c-strtod
module contains a string to number (‘double’)
conversion function operating on single-byte character strings, that operates
as if the locale encoding was ASCII.
(The "C" locale on many systems has the locale encoding "ASCII".)
The function is:
extern double c_strtod (const char *string, char **endp);
In particular, only a period ‘.’ is accepted as decimal point, even when the current locale’s notion of decimal point is a comma ‘,’, and no characters outside the basic character set are accepted.
On platforms without strtod_l
, this function is not safe for use in
multi-threaded applications since it calls setlocale
.
The c-strtold
module contains a string to number (‘long double’)
conversion function operating on single-byte character strings, that operates
as if the locale encoding was ASCII.
(The "C" locale on many systems has the locale encoding "ASCII".)
The function is:
extern long double c_strtold (const char *string, char **endp);
In particular, only a period ‘.’ is accepted as decimal point, even when the current locale’s notion of decimal point is a comma ‘,’.
The module ‘argmatch’ provides a simple textual user interface to a finite choice. It is for example well suited to recognize arguments of options or values of environment variables that accept a fixed set of valid choices.
These choices may be denoted by synonyms, such as ‘none’ and ‘off’ below.
$ my_cp --backup=none foo bar $ my_cp --backup=non foo bar $ my_cp --backup=no foo bar $ my_cp --backup=n foo bar my_cp: ambiguous argument 'n' for 'backup type' Valid arguments are: - 'no', 'none', 'off' - 'numbered', 't', 'newstyle' - 'existing', 'nil', 'numbered-existing' - 'simple', 'never', 'single' Try 'my_cp --help' for more information. $ my_cp --backup=num foo bar $ my_cp --backup=true foo bar my_cp: invalid argument 'true' for 'backup type' Valid arguments are: - 'no', 'none', 'off' - 'numbered', 't', 'newstyle' - 'existing', 'nil', 'numbered-existing' - 'simple', 'never', 'single' Try 'my_cp --help' for more information.
To set up argmatch
, first call ‘ARGMATCH_DEFINE_GROUP
(name, type)’ with the name of the argmatch group name, and the
value type. For instance:
enum backup_type { no_backups, simple_backups, numbered_existing_backups, numbered_backups }; ARGMATCH_DEFINE_GROUP (backup, enum backup_type);
This defines a few types and functions named argmatch_name_*
.
Introduce the array that defines the mapping from user-input to actual
value, with a terminator:
static const argmatch_backup_arg argmatch_backup_args[] = { { "no", no_backups }, { "none", no_backups }, { "off", no_backups }, { "simple", simple_backups }, { "never", simple_backups }, { "single", simple_backups }, { "existing", numbered_existing_backups }, { "nil", numbered_existing_backups }, { "numbered-existing", numbered_existing_backups }, { "numbered", numbered_backups }, { "t", numbered_backups }, { "newstyle", numbered_backups }, { NULL, no_backups } };
Then introduce the array that defines the values, also with a terminator. Document only once per group of synonyms:
static const argmatch_backup_doc argmatch_backup_docs[] = { { "no", N_("never make backups (even if --backup is given)") }, { "numbered", N_("make numbered backups") }, { "existing", N_("numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise") }, { "simple", N_("always make simple backups") }, { NULL, NULL } };
Finally, define the argmatch group:
const argmatch_backup_group_type argmatch_backup_group = { argmatch_backup_args, argmatch_backup_docs, N_("\ The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.\n\ The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through\n\ the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:\n"), NULL };
To use the argmatch group:
ptrdiff_t i = argmatch_backup_choice ("--backup", "none"); // argmatch_backup_group.args[i].arg is "none", so its value // is argmatch_backup_group.args[i].val. // Return -1 on invalid argument, and -2 on ambiguity. enum backup_type val = *argmatch_backup_value ("--backup", "none"); // Returns a pointer to the value, and exit on errors. // So argmatch_backup_group.args[i].val == val. const char *arg = argmatch_backup_argument (&no_backups); // arg is "no". // Print the documentation on stdout. argmatch_backup_usage (stdout); // Gives: // // The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. // The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through // the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values: // // no, none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given) // numbered, t, newstyle // make numbered backups // existing, nil, numbered-existing // numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise // simple, never, single // always make simple backups
Gnulib provides ‘quote’ and ‘quotearg’ modules to help with quoting text, such as file names, in messages to the user. Here’s an example of using ‘quote’:
#include <quote.h> ... error (0, errno, _("cannot change owner of %s"), quote (fname));
This differs from
error (0, errno, _("cannot change owner of '%s'"), fname);
in that quote
escapes unusual characters in
fname
, e.g., ‘'’ and control characters like ‘\n’.
However, a caveat: quote
reuses the storage that it returns.
Hence if you need more than one thing quoted at the same time, you
need to use quote_n
.
Also, the quote
module is not suited for multithreaded applications.
In that case, you have to use quotearg_alloc
, defined in the
‘quotearg’ module, which is decidedly less convenient.
Gnulib has two modules for retrieving the name of the currently executing
program: progname
and getprogname
.
The progname
module defines a variable program_name
.
It contains the name of the currently executing program, on all platforms.
But it cannot be used implicitly: It requires that every main
function be modified to invoke set_program_name (argv[0])
as one
of its first actions.
The getprogname
module defines a function getprogname()
.
It returns the name of the currently executing program, on most platforms.
The advantage of this module is that it can be used without prior
initializations. But it has limitations: In some rare situations, it
cannot determine the name; then it returns "?"
instead. And on
some platforms, it returns a truncated program name.
The error
function uses the getprogname
module.
The gcd
function returns the greatest common divisor of two numbers
a > 0
and b > 0
. It is the caller’s responsibility to ensure
that the arguments are non-zero.
If you need a gcd function for an integer type larger than ‘unsigned long’, you can include the gcd.c implementation file with parametrization. The parameters are:
The created function has the prototype
WORD_T GCD (WORD_T a, WORD_T b);
If you need the least common multiple of two numbers, it can be computed
like this: lcm(a,b) = (a / gcd(a,b)) * b
or
lcm(a,b) = a * (b / gcd(a,b))
.
Avoid the formula lcm(a,b) = (a * b) / gcd(a,b)
because—although
mathematically correct—it can yield a wrong result, due to integer overflow.
In some applications it is useful to have a function taking the gcd of two signed numbers. In this case, the gcd function result is usually normalized to be non-negative (so that two gcd results can be compared in magnitude or compared against 1, etc.). Note that in this case the prototype of the function has to be
unsigned long gcd (long a, long b);
and not
long gcd (long a, long b);
because gcd(LONG_MIN,LONG_MIN) = -LONG_MIN = LONG_MAX + 1
does not
fit into a signed ‘long’.
The module ‘timevar’ provides a simple self-profiling facility, based on timers.
Execution times (seconds) read : 0.09 (19%) usr 0.08 (80%) sys 0.09 (18%) wall read: scan : 0.04 ( 9%) usr 0.08 (80%) sys 0.12 (26%) wall read: parse : 0.05 (10%) usr 0.00 ( 0%) sys 0.05 (10%) wall work : 0.33 (70%) usr 0.00 ( 0%) sys 0.35 (71%) wall work: phase 1 : 0.30 (64%) usr 0.00 ( 0%) sys 0.30 (64%) wall work: phase 2 : 0.13 (28%) usr 0.00 ( 0%) sys 0.14 (29%) wall output : 0.04 ( 9%) usr 0.02 (20%) sys 0.04 ( 8%) wall total time : 0.47 0.10 0.49
To set up timevar
, copy the stub file
gnulib/lib/timevar.def next to where timevar.h and
timevar.c were imported in your project, and define your timers
there. For instance:
/* The total execution time. Mandatory. */ DEFTIMEVAR (tv_total, "total time") /* Examples. */ DEFTIMEVAR (tv_read, "read") DEFTIMEVAR (tv_work, "work") DEFTIMEVAR (tv_work_1, "work: phase 1") DEFTIMEVAR (tv_work_2, "work: phase 2") DEFTIMEVAR (tv_output, "output")
Do not remove tv_total
, it is mandatory. You may change its
associated string.
Use timevar_push
/timevar_pop
to start/stop timers, as in
the following example.
#include <config.h> #include "timevar.h" #include <stdio.h> #include "read.h" #include "work.h" #include "output.h" int main (void) { timevar_enabled = true; timevar_init (); timevar_start (tv_total); timevar_push (tv_read); reader (); timevar_pop (tv_read); timevar_push (tv_work); work (); timevar_pop (tv_work); timevar_push (tv_output); output (); timevar_pop (tv_output); timevar_stop (tv_total); timevar_print (stderr); }
with, for instance, in work.c
#include <config.h> #include "work.h" void work (void) { timevar_push (tv_work_phase1); work1 (); timevar_pop (tv_work_phase1); timevar_push (tv_work_phase2); work2 (); timevar_pop (tv_work_phase2); }
The module ‘check-version’ can be useful when your gnulib
application is a system library. You will typically wrap the call to
the check_version
function through a library API, your library
header file may contain:
#define STRINGPREP_VERSION "0.5.18" ... extern const char *stringprep_check_version (const char *req_version);
To avoid ELF symbol collisions with other libraries that use the ‘check-version’ module, add to config.h through a AC_DEFINE something like:
AC_DEFINE(check_version, stringprep_check_version, [Rename check_version.])
The stringprep_check_version
function will thus be implemented
by the check_version
module.
There are two uses of the interface. The first is a way to provide for applications to find out the version number of the library it uses. The application may contain diagnostic code such as:
printf ("Stringprep version: header %s library %s", STRINGPREP_VERSION, stringprep_check_version (NULL));
Separating the library and header file version can be useful when searching for version mismatch related problems.
The second uses is as a rudimentary test of proper library version, by making sure the application get a library version that is the same, or newer, than the header file used when building the application. This doesn’t catch all problems, libraries may change backwards incompatibly in later versions, but enable applications to require a certain minimum version before it may proceed.
Typical uses look like:
/* Check version of libgcrypt. */ if (!gcry_check_version (GCRYPT_VERSION)) die ("version mismatch\n");
It has been a pain for many users of GNU packages for a long time that
packages are not relocatable. It means a user cannot copy a program,
installed by another user on the same machine, to his home directory,
and have it work correctly (including i18n). So many users need to go
through configure; make; make install
with all its
dependencies, options, and hurdles.
Red Hat, Debian, and other binary distributions solve the “ease of installation” problem, but they hardwire path names, usually to /usr or /usr/local. This means that users need root privileges to install a binary package, and prevents installing two different versions of the same binary package.
A relocatable program can be moved or copied to a different location on the file system. It is possible to make symlinks to the installed and moved programs, and invoke them through the symlink. It is possible to do the same thing with a hard link only if the hard link file is in the same directory as the real program.
The relocatable-prog
module aims to ease the process of making a
GNU program relocatable. It helps overcome two obstacles. First, it aids
with relocating the hard-coded references to absolute file names that
GNU programs often contain. These references must be fixed up at
runtime if a program is to be successfully relocated. The
relocatable-prog
module provides a function relocate
that
does this job.
Second, the loader must be able to find shared libraries linked to
relocatable executables or referenced by other shared libraries linked
to relocatable executables. The relocatable-prog
module helps out
here in a platform-specific way:
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
) and then invokes the real executable.
This applies to operating systems such as AIX, HP-UX, or Minix.
You can make your program relocatable by following these steps:
relocatable-prog
module. For libraries, use the
relocatable-lib
or relocatable-lib-lgpl
module, if
the libraries are independent. For installing multiple libraries,
at least one of which depends on another one, use the relocatable-prog
module.
If you need more than one module, or you need to use them with different
settings, you will need multiple copies of gnulib (see Using Gnulib for both a library and a program).
main
as the first statement (even
before setting the locale or doing anything related to libintl):
set_program_name (argv[0]);
The prototype for this function is in progname.h.
set_relocation_prefix
.
relocate
so it gets translated to the run-time situation.
Example:
bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
becomes:
bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, relocate (LOCALEDIR));
The prototype for this function is in relocatable.h.
There is also a variant of this function, named relocate2
, that
makes it easy to reclaim the memory allocated by the call.
set_program_name
function can also configure some
additional libraries to relocate files that they access, by defining
corresponding C preprocessor symbols to 1. The libraries for which
this is supported and the corresponding preprocessor symbols are:
DEPENDS_ON_LIBCHARSET
DEPENDS_ON_LIBICONV
DEPENDS_ON_LIBINTL
Defining the symbol for a library makes every program in the package depend on that library, whether the program really uses the library or not, so this feature should be used with some caution.
relocatable-script
module. Then, near the beginning of each
shell script that your package installs, add the following:
@relocatable_sh@ prefix="@prefix@" exec_prefix="@exec_prefix@" # usually needs $prefix. datarootdir="@datarootdir@" # usually needs $prefix. if test "@RELOCATABLE@" = yes; then bindir="@bindir@" orig_installdir="$bindir" # see Makefile.am's *_SCRIPTS variables func_find_curr_installdir # determine curr_installdir func_find_prefixes relocate () { echo "$1/" \ | sed -e "s%^${orig_installprefix}/%${curr_installprefix}/%" \ | sed -e 's,/$,,' } else relocate () { echo "$1" } fi # Get some relocated directory names. sysconfdir=`relocate "@sysconfdir@"` # usually needs $prefix. some_datadir=`relocate "@datadir@/something"` # usually needs $datarootdir. bindir=`relocate "@bindir@"` # usually needs $exec_prefix, hence $prefix.
You must adapt the definition of orig_installdir
, depending on
where the script gets installed. Also, at the end, instead of
sysconfdir
and some_datadir
, transform those variables
that you need.
relocatable-perl
module. Then, near the beginning of each
Perl script that your package installs, add the following:
@relocatable_pl@ if ("@RELOCATABLE@" eq "yes") { my $exec_prefix = "@exec_prefix@"; my $orig_installdir = "@bindir@"; # see Makefile.am's *_SCRIPTS variables my ($orig_installprefix, $curr_installprefix) = find_prefixes($orig_installdir, find_curr_installdir()); # the subroutine is defined whether or not the enclosing block is executed sub relocate { my ($dir) = @_; if ("@RELOCATABLE@" eq "yes") { $dir =~ s%^$orig_installprefix/%$curr_installprefix/%; $dir =~ s,/$,,; } return $dir; } } # Get some relocated directory names. # (The gnulib module 'configmake' can help with this.) $sysconfdir = relocate("@sysconfdir@"); $some_datadir = relocate(@datadir@/something");
You must adapt the definition of $orig_installdir
, depending on
where the script gets installed. Also, at the end, instead of
sysconfdir
and some_datadir
, transform those variables
that you need.
foo
that gets
installed in, say, $(bindir), you add:
foo_CPPFLAGS = -DINSTALLDIR=\"$(bindir)\" if RELOCATABLE_VIA_LD foo_LDFLAGS = `$(RELOCATABLE_LDFLAGS) $(bindir)` endif
When building gnulib to use with a relocatable library, you need to
define the preprocessor symbol IN_LIBRARY
.
You may also want to build with ENABLE_COSTLY_RELOCATABLE
, in which case
you will also need to define INSTALLDIR
.
The following fragment can be added to an override Makefile.am
used
to build gnulib (see Modifying the build rules of a Gnulib import directory).
AM_CPPFLAGS += -DIN_LIBRARY -DENABLE_COSTLY_RELOCATABLE if SHLIBS_IN_BINDIR AM_CPPFLAGS += -DINSTALLDIR=\"$(bindir)\" else AM_CPPFLAGS += -DINSTALLDIR=\"$(libdir)\" endif
SHLIBS_IN_BINDIR
is defined in configure.ac as follows:
AM_CONDITIONAL([SHLIBS_IN_BINDIR], [case "$host_os" in mingw* | cygwin*) true;; *) false;; esac])
libfoo
that gets
installed in, say, $(libdir), you add:
if RELOCATABLE_VIA_LD libfoo_la_LDFLAGS = `$(RELOCATABLE_LDFLAGS) $(libdir)` endif
If your package (or any package you rely on, e.g. gettext-runtime)
will be relocated together with a set of installed shared libraries,
then set RELOCATABLE_LIBRARY_PATH
to a colon-separated list
of those libraries’ directories, e.g.
RELOCATABLE_LIBRARY_PATH = $(libdir)
If your config.h is not in $(top_builddir), then set
RELOCATABLE_CONFIG_H_DIR
to its directory, e.g.
RELOCATABLE_CONFIG_H_DIR = $(top_builddir)/src
The func
module makes sure that you can use the predefined
identifier __func__
as defined by C99 in your code.
A small example is:
#include <config.h> #include <stdio.h> /* for printf */ int main (void) { printf ("%s: hello world\n", __func__); }
Note that sizeof
cannot be applied to __func__
: On SunPRO C
compiler, sizeof __func__
evaluates to 0.
The stat-size
module provides a small number of macros
intended for interpreting the file size information in an instance of
struct stat
.
On POSIX systems, the st_blocks
member of struct stat
contains the number of disk blocks occupied by a file. The
ST_NBLOCKS
macro is used to estimate this quantity on systems
which don’t actually have st_blocks
. Each of these blocks
contains ST_NBLOCKSIZE
bytes.
The value of ST_NBLOCKSIZE
is often quite small, small enough
that performing I/O in chunks that size would be inefficient.
ST_BLKSIZE
is the I/O block size recommended for I/O to this
file. This is not guaranteed to give optimum performance, but it
should be reasonably efficient.
A regular expression (or regexp, or pattern) is a text string that describes some (mathematical) set of strings. A regexp r matches a string s if s is in the set of strings described by r.
Using the Regex library, you can:
Some regular expressions match only one string, i.e., the set they describe has only one member. For example, the regular expression ‘foo’ matches the string ‘foo’ and no others. Other regular expressions match more than one string, i.e., the set they describe has more than one member. For example, the regular expression ‘f*’ matches the set of strings made up of any number (including zero) of ‘f’s. As you can see, some characters in regular expressions match themselves (such as ‘f’) and some don’t (such as ‘*’); the ones that don’t match themselves instead let you specify patterns that describe many different strings.
To either match or search for a regular expression with the Regex library functions, you must first compile it with a Regex pattern compiling function. A compiled pattern is a regular expression converted to the internal format used by the library functions. Once you’ve compiled a pattern, you can use it for matching or searching any number of times.
The Regex library is used by including regex.h. Regex provides three groups of functions with which you can operate on regular expressions. One group—the GNU group—is more powerful but not completely compatible with the other two, namely the POSIX and Berkeley Unix groups; its interface was designed specifically for GNU.
We wrote this chapter with programmers in mind, not users of programs—such as Emacs—that use Regex. We describe the Regex library in its entirety, not how to write regular expressions that a particular program understands.
Characters are things you can type. Operators are things in a regular expression that match one or more characters. You compose regular expressions from operators, which in turn you specify using one or more characters.
Most characters represent what we call the match-self operator, i.e., they match themselves; we call these characters ordinary. Other characters represent either all or parts of fancier operators; e.g., ‘.’ represents what we call the match-any-character operator (which, no surprise, matches (almost) any character); we call these characters special. Two different things determine what characters represent what operators:
In the following sections, we describe these things in more detail.
In any particular syntax for regular expressions, some characters are
always special, others are sometimes special, and others are never
special. The particular syntax that Regex recognizes for a given
regular expression depends on the current syntax (as set by
re_set_syntax
) when the pattern buffer of that regular expression
was compiled.
You get a pattern buffer by compiling a regular expression. See GNU Pattern Buffers, for more information on pattern buffers. See GNU Regular Expression Compiling, and BSD Regular Expression Compiling, for more information on compiling.
Regex considers the current syntax to be a collection of bits; we refer to these bits as syntax bits. In most cases, they affect what characters represent what operators. We describe the meanings of the operators to which we refer in Common Operators, GNU Operators, and GNU Emacs Operators.
For reference, here is the complete list of syntax bits, in alphabetical order:
RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS
If this bit is set, then ‘\’ inside a list (see List Operators ([
… ]
and [^
… ]
)
quotes (makes ordinary, if it’s special) the following character; if
this bit isn’t set, then ‘\’ is an ordinary character inside lists.
(See The Backslash Character, for what ‘\’ does outside of lists.)
RE_BK_PLUS_QM
If this bit is set, then ‘\+’ represents the match-one-or-more
operator and ‘\?’ represents the match-zero-or-more operator; if
this bit isn’t set, then ‘+’ represents the match-one-or-more
operator and ‘?’ represents the match-zero-or-one operator. This
bit is irrelevant if RE_LIMITED_OPS
is set.
RE_CHAR_CLASSES
If this bit is set, then you can use character classes in lists; if this bit isn’t set, then you can’t.
RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS
If this bit is set, then ‘^’ and ‘$’ are special anywhere outside
a list; if this bit isn’t set, then these characters are special only in
certain contexts. See The Match-beginning-of-line Operator (^
), and
The Match-end-of-line Operator ($
).
RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS
If this bit is set, then certain characters are special anywhere outside
a list; if this bit isn’t set, then those characters are special only in
some contexts and are ordinary elsewhere. Specifically, if this bit
isn’t set then ‘*’, and (if the syntax bit RE_LIMITED_OPS
isn’t set) ‘+’ and ‘?’ (or ‘\+’ and ‘\?’, depending
on the syntax bit RE_BK_PLUS_QM
) represent repetition operators
only if they’re not first in a regular expression or just after an
open-group or alternation operator. The same holds for ‘{’ (or
‘\{’, depending on the syntax bit RE_NO_BK_BRACES
) if
it is the beginning of a valid interval and the syntax bit
RE_INTERVALS
is set.
RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_DUP
If this bit is set, then an open-interval operator cannot occur at the start of a regular expression, or immediately after an alternation, open-group or close-interval operator.
RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS
If this bit is set, then repetition and alternation operators can’t be in certain positions within a regular expression. Specifically, the regular expression is invalid if it has:
If this bit isn’t set, then you can put the characters representing the repetition and alternation characters anywhere in a regular expression. Whether or not they will in fact be operators in certain positions depends on other syntax bits.
RE_DEBUG
If this bit is set, and the regex library was compiled with
-DDEBUG
, then internal debugging is turned on; if unset, then
it is turned off.
RE_DOT_NEWLINE
If this bit is set, then the match-any-character operator matches a newline; if this bit isn’t set, then it doesn’t.
RE_DOT_NOT_NULL
If this bit is set, then the match-any-character operator doesn’t match a null character; if this bit isn’t set, then it does.
RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE
If this bit is set, nonmatching lists ‘[^...]’ do not match newline; if not set, they do.
RE_ICASE
If this bit is set, then ignore case when matching; otherwise, case is significant.
RE_INTERVALS
If this bit is set, then Regex recognizes interval operators; if this bit isn’t set, then it doesn’t.
RE_INVALID_INTERVAL_ORD
If this bit is set, a syntactically invalid interval is treated as a string of ordinary characters. For example, the extended regular expression ‘a{1’ is treated as ‘a\{1’.
RE_LIMITED_OPS
If this bit is set, then Regex doesn’t recognize the match-one-or-more, match-zero-or-one or alternation operators; if this bit isn’t set, then it does.
RE_NEWLINE_ALT
If this bit is set, then newline represents the alternation operator; if this bit isn’t set, then newline is ordinary.
RE_NO_BK_BRACES
If this bit is set, then ‘{’ represents the open-interval operator
and ‘}’ represents the close-interval operator; if this bit isn’t
set, then ‘\{’ represents the open-interval operator and
‘\}’ represents the close-interval operator. This bit is relevant
only if RE_INTERVALS
is set.
RE_NO_BK_PARENS
If this bit is set, then ‘(’ represents the open-group operator and ‘)’ represents the close-group operator; if this bit isn’t set, then ‘\(’ represents the open-group operator and ‘\)’ represents the close-group operator.
RE_NO_BK_REFS
If this bit is set, then Regex doesn’t recognize ‘\’digit as the back-reference operator; if this bit isn’t set, then it does.
RE_NO_BK_VBAR
If this bit is set, then ‘|’ represents the alternation operator;
if this bit isn’t set, then ‘\|’ represents the alternation
operator. This bit is irrelevant if RE_LIMITED_OPS
is set.
RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES
If this bit is set, then a regular expression with a range whose ending point collates lower than its starting point is invalid; if this bit isn’t set, then Regex considers such a range to be empty.
RE_NO_GNU_OPS
If this bit is set, GNU regex operators are not recognized; otherwise, they are.
RE_NO_POSIX_BACKTRACKING
If this bit is set, succeed as soon as we match the whole pattern, without further backtracking. This means that a match may not be the leftmost longest; see What Gets Matched? for what this means.
RE_NO_SUB
If this bit is set, then no_sub
will be set to one during
re_compile_pattern
. This causes matching and searching routines
not to record substring match information.
RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD
If this bit is set and the regular expression has no matching open-group
operator, then Regex considers what would otherwise be a close-group
operator (based on how RE_NO_BK_PARENS
is set) to match ‘)’.
If you’re programming with Regex, you can set a pattern buffer’s (see GNU Pattern Buffers) syntax either to an arbitrary combination of syntax bits (see Syntax Bits) or else to the configurations defined by Regex. These configurations define the syntaxes used by certain programs—GNU Emacs, POSIX Awk, traditional Awk, Grep, Egrep—in addition to syntaxes for POSIX basic and extended regular expressions.
The predefined syntaxes—taken directly from regex.h—are:
#define RE_SYNTAX_EMACS 0 #define RE_SYNTAX_AWK \ (RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS | RE_DOT_NOT_NULL \ | RE_NO_BK_PARENS | RE_NO_BK_REFS \ | RE_NO_BK_VBAR | RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES \ | RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD) #define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_AWK \ (RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED | RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS) #define RE_SYNTAX_GREP \ (RE_BK_PLUS_QM | RE_CHAR_CLASSES \ | RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE | RE_INTERVALS \ | RE_NEWLINE_ALT) #define RE_SYNTAX_EGREP \ (RE_CHAR_CLASSES | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS \ | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS | RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE \ | RE_NEWLINE_ALT | RE_NO_BK_PARENS \ | RE_NO_BK_VBAR) #define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EGREP \ (RE_SYNTAX_EGREP | RE_INTERVALS | RE_NO_BK_BRACES) /* P1003.2/D11.2, section 4.20.7.1, lines 5078ff. */ #define RE_SYNTAX_ED RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC #define RE_SYNTAX_SED RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC /* Syntax bits common to both basic and extended POSIX regex syntax. */ #define _RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON \ (RE_CHAR_CLASSES | RE_DOT_NEWLINE | RE_DOT_NOT_NULL \ | RE_INTERVALS | RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES) #define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_BASIC \ (_RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON | RE_BK_PLUS_QM) /* Differs from ..._POSIX_BASIC only in that RE_BK_PLUS_QM becomes RE_LIMITED_OPS, i.e., \? \+ \| are not recognized. Actually, this isn't minimal, since other operators, such as \`, aren't disabled. */ #define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_MINIMAL_BASIC \ (_RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON | RE_LIMITED_OPS) #define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_EXTENDED \ (_RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS \ | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS | RE_NO_BK_BRACES \ | RE_NO_BK_PARENS | RE_NO_BK_VBAR \ | RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD) /* Differs from ..._POSIX_EXTENDED in that RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS replaces RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS and RE_NO_BK_REFS is added. */ #define RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_MINIMAL_EXTENDED \ (_RE_SYNTAX_POSIX_COMMON | RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS \ | RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS | RE_NO_BK_BRACES \ | RE_NO_BK_PARENS | RE_NO_BK_REFS \ | RE_NO_BK_VBAR | RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD)
POSIX generalizes the notion of a character to that of a collating element. It defines a collating element to be “a sequence of one or more bytes defined in the current collating sequence as a unit of collation.”
This generalizes the notion of a character in two ways. First, a single character can map into two or more collating elements. For example, the German collates as the collating element ‘s’ followed by another collating element ‘s’. Second, two or more characters can map into one collating element. For example, the Spanish ‘ll’ collates after ‘l’ and before ‘m’.
Since POSIX’s “collating element” preserves the essential idea of a “character,” we use the latter, more familiar, term in this document.
The ‘\’ character has one of four different meanings, depending on the context in which you use it and what syntax bits are set (see Syntax Bits). It can: 1) stand for itself, 2) quote the next character, 3) introduce an operator, or 4) do nothing.
[
… ]
and [^
… ]
)) if the syntax bit
RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS
is not set. For example, ‘[\]’
would match ‘\’.
RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS
is set.
RE_BK_PLUS_QM
, RE_NO_BK_BRACES
, RE_NO_BK_VAR
,
RE_NO_BK_PARENS
, RE_NO_BK_REF
in Syntax Bits. Also:
\b
)).
\B
)).
\<
)).
\>
)).
\w
)).
\W
)).
emacs
defined, then ‘\sclass’ represents the match-syntactic-class
operator and ‘\Sclass’ represents the
match-not-syntactic-class operator (see Syntactic Class Operators).
You compose regular expressions from operators. In the following sections, we describe the regular expression operators specified by POSIX; GNU also uses these. Most operators have more than one representation as characters. See Regular Expression Syntax, for what characters represent what operators under what circumstances.
For most operators that can be represented in two ways, one
representation is a single character and the other is that character
preceded by ‘\’. For example, either ‘(’ or ‘\(’
represents the open-group operator. Which one does depends on the
setting of a syntax bit, in this case RE_NO_BK_PARENS
. Why is
this so? Historical reasons dictate some of the varying
representations, while POSIX dictates others.
Finally, almost all characters lose any special meaning inside a list
(see List Operators ([
… ]
and [^
… ]
)).
.
)|
or \|
)[
… ]
and [^
… ]
)(
… )
or \(
… \)
)This operator matches the character itself. All ordinary characters (see Regular Expression Syntax) represent this operator. For example, ‘f’ is always an ordinary character, so the regular expression ‘f’ matches only the string ‘f’. In particular, it does not match the string ‘ff’.
.
)This operator matches any single printing or nonprinting character except it won’t match a:
if the syntax bit RE_DOT_NEWLINE
isn’t set.
if the syntax bit RE_DOT_NOT_NULL
is set.
The ‘.’ (period) character represents this operator. For example, ‘a.b’ matches any three-character string beginning with ‘a’ and ending with ‘b’.
This operator concatenates two regular expressions a and b. No character represents this operator; you simply put b after a. The result is a regular expression that will match a string if a matches its first part and b matches the rest. For example, ‘xy’ (two match-self operators) matches ‘xy’.
Repetition operators repeat the preceding regular expression a specified number of times.
*
)+
or \+
)?
or \?
){
… }
or \{
… \}
)*
)This operator repeats the smallest possible preceding regular expression as many times as necessary (including zero) to match the pattern. ‘*’ represents this operator. For example, ‘o*’ matches any string made up of zero or more ‘o’s. Since this operator operates on the smallest preceding regular expression, ‘fo*’ has a repeating ‘o’, not a repeating ‘fo’. So, ‘fo*’ matches ‘f’, ‘fo’, ‘foo’, and so on.
Since the match-zero-or-more operator is a suffix operator, it may be useless as such when no regular expression precedes it. This is the case when it:
Three different things can happen in these cases:
RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS
is set, then the
regular expression is invalid.
RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS
isn’t set, but
RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS
is, then ‘*’ represents the
match-zero-or-more operator (which then operates on the empty string).
The matcher processes a match-zero-or-more operator by first matching as many repetitions of the smallest preceding regular expression as it can. Then it continues to match the rest of the pattern.
If it can’t match the rest of the pattern, it backtracks (as many times as necessary), each time discarding one of the matches until it can either match the entire pattern or be certain that it cannot get a match. For example, when matching ‘ca*ar’ against ‘caaar’, the matcher first matches all three ‘a’s of the string with the ‘a*’ of the regular expression. However, it cannot then match the final ‘ar’ of the regular expression against the final ‘r’ of the string. So it backtracks, discarding the match of the last ‘a’ in the string. It can then match the remaining ‘ar’.
+
or \+
)If the syntax bit RE_LIMITED_OPS
is set, then Regex doesn’t recognize
this operator. Otherwise, if the syntax bit RE_BK_PLUS_QM
isn’t
set, then ‘+’ represents this operator; if it is, then ‘\+’
does.
This operator is similar to the match-zero-or-more operator except that
it repeats the preceding regular expression at least once;
see The Match-zero-or-more Operator (*
), for what it operates on, how some
syntax bits affect it, and how Regex backtracks to match it.
For example, supposing that ‘+’ represents the match-one-or-more operator; then ‘ca+r’ matches, e.g., ‘car’ and ‘caaaar’, but not ‘cr’.
?
or \?
)If the syntax bit RE_LIMITED_OPS
is set, then Regex doesn’t
recognize this operator. Otherwise, if the syntax bit
RE_BK_PLUS_QM
isn’t set, then ‘?’ represents this operator;
if it is, then ‘\?’ does.
This operator is similar to the match-zero-or-more operator except that
it repeats the preceding regular expression once or not at all;
see The Match-zero-or-more Operator (*
), to see what it operates on, how
some syntax bits affect it, and how Regex backtracks to match it.
For example, supposing that ‘?’ represents the match-zero-or-one operator; then ‘ca?r’ matches both ‘car’ and ‘cr’, but nothing else.
{
… }
or \{
… \}
)If the syntax bit RE_INTERVALS
is set, then Regex recognizes
interval expressions. They repeat the smallest possible preceding
regular expression a specified number of times.
If the syntax bit RE_NO_BK_BRACES
is set, ‘{’ represents
the open-interval operator and ‘}’ represents the
close-interval operator ; otherwise, ‘\{’ and ‘\}’ do.
Specifically, supposing that ‘{’ and ‘}’ represent the open-interval and close-interval operators; then:
{count}
matches exactly count occurrences of the preceding regular expression.
{min,}
matches min or more occurrences of the preceding regular expression.
{min, max}
matches at least min but no more than max occurrences of the preceding regular expression.
The interval expression (but not necessarily the regular expression that contains it) is invalid if:
RE_DUP_MAX
(which symbol regex.h
defines).
If the interval expression is invalid and the syntax bit
RE_NO_BK_BRACES
is set, then Regex considers all the
characters in the would-be interval to be ordinary. If that bit
isn’t set, then the regular expression is invalid.
If the interval expression is valid but there is no preceding regular
expression on which to operate, then if the syntax bit
RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS
is set, the regular expression is invalid.
If that bit isn’t set, then Regex considers all the characters—other
than backslashes, which it ignores—in the would-be interval to be
ordinary.
|
or \|
)If the syntax bit RE_LIMITED_OPS
is set, then Regex doesn’t
recognize this operator. Otherwise, if the syntax bit
RE_NO_BK_VBAR
is set, then ‘|’ represents this operator;
otherwise, ‘\|’ does.
Alternatives match one of a choice of regular expressions: if you put the character(s) representing the alternation operator between any two regular expressions a and b, the result matches the union of the strings that a and b match. For example, supposing that ‘|’ is the alternation operator, then ‘foo|bar|quux’ would match any of ‘foo’, ‘bar’ or ‘quux’.
The alternation operator operates on the largest possible surrounding regular expressions. (Put another way, it has the lowest precedence of any regular expression operator.) Thus, the only way you can delimit its arguments is to use grouping. For example, if ‘(’ and ‘)’ are the open and close-group operators, then ‘fo(o|b)ar’ would match either ‘fooar’ or ‘fobar’. (‘foo|bar’ would match ‘foo’ or ‘bar’.)
The matcher usually tries all combinations of alternatives so as to match the longest possible string. For example, when matching ‘(fooq|foo)*(qbarquux|bar)’ against ‘fooqbarquux’, it cannot take, say, the first (“depth-first”) combination it could match, since then it would be content to match just ‘fooqbar’.
Note that since the default behavior is to return the leftmost longest match, when more than one of a series of alternatives matches the actual match will be the longest matching alternative, not necessarily the first in the list.
[
… ]
and [^
… ]
)Lists, also called bracket expressions, are a set of one or more items. An item is a character, a collating symbol, an equivalence class expression, a character class expression, or a range expression. The syntax bits affect which kinds of items you can put in a list. We explain the last four items in subsections below. Empty lists are invalid.
A matching list matches a single character represented by one of the list items. You form a matching list by enclosing one or more items within an open-matching-list operator (represented by ‘[’) and a close-list operator (represented by ‘]’).
For example, ‘[ab]’ matches either ‘a’ or ‘b’. ‘[ad]*’ matches the empty string and any string composed of just ‘a’s and ‘d’s in any order. Regex considers invalid a regular expression with a ‘[’ but no matching ‘]’.
Nonmatching lists are similar to matching lists except that they match a single character not represented by one of the list items. You use an open-nonmatching-list operator (represented by ‘[^’4) instead of an open-matching-list operator to start a nonmatching list.
For example, ‘[^ab]’ matches any character except ‘a’ or ‘b’.
If the syntax bit RE_HAT_LISTS_NOT_NEWLINE
is set, then
nonmatching lists do not match a newline.
Most characters lose any special meaning inside a list. The special characters inside a list follow.
ends the list if it’s not the first list item. So, if you want to make the ‘]’ character a list item, you must put it first.
quotes the next character if the syntax bit RE_BACKSLASH_ESCAPE_IN_LISTS
is
set.
represents the open-collating-symbol operator (see Collating Symbol Operators ([.
… .]
)).
represents the close-collating-symbol operator.
represents the open-equivalence-class operator (see Equivalence Class Operators ([=
… =]
)).
represents the close-equivalence-class operator.
represents the open-character-class operator (see Character Class Operators ([:
… :]
)) if the syntax bit RE_CHAR_CLASSES
is set and what
follows is a valid character class expression.
represents the close-character-class operator if the syntax bit
RE_CHAR_CLASSES
is set and what precedes it is an
open-character-class operator followed by a valid character class name.
represents the range operator (see The Range Operator (-
)) if it’s
not first or last in a list or the ending point of a range.
All other characters are ordinary. For example, ‘[.*]’ matches ‘.’ and ‘*’.
[.
… .]
)[=
… =]
)[:
… :]
)-
)[.
… .]
)Collating symbols can be represented inside lists. You form a collating symbol by putting a collating element between an open-collating-symbol operator and a close-collating-symbol operator. ‘[.’ represents the open-collating-symbol operator and ‘.]’ represents the close-collating-symbol operator. For example, if ‘ll’ is a collating element, then ‘[[.ll.]]’ would match ‘ll’.
[=
… =]
)Regex recognizes equivalence class expressions inside lists. A equivalence class expression is a set of collating elements which all belong to the same equivalence class. You form an equivalence class expression by putting a collating element between an open-equivalence-class operator and a close-equivalence-class operator. ‘[=’ represents the open-equivalence-class operator and ‘=]’ represents the close-equivalence-class operator. For example, if ‘a’ and ‘A’ were an equivalence class, then both ‘[[=a=]]’ and ‘[[=A=]]’ would match both ‘a’ and ‘A’. If the collating element in an equivalence class expression isn’t part of an equivalence class, then the matcher considers the equivalence class expression to be a collating symbol.
[:
… :]
)If the syntax bit RE_CHAR_CLASSES
is set, then Regex recognizes
character class expressions inside lists. A character class
expression matches one character from a given class. You form a
character class expression by putting a character class name between
an open-character-class operator (represented by ‘[:’) and
a close-character-class operator (represented by ‘:]’).
The character class names and their meanings are:
alnum
letters and digits
alpha
letters
blank
system-dependent; for GNU, a space or tab
cntrl
control characters (in the ASCII encoding, code 0177 and codes less than 040)
digit
digits
graph
same as print
except omits space
lower
lowercase letters
print
printable characters (in the ASCII encoding, space tilde—codes 040 through 0176)
punct
neither control nor alphanumeric characters
space
space, carriage return, newline, vertical tab, and form feed
upper
uppercase letters
xdigit
hexadecimal digits: 0
–9
, a
–f
, A
–F
These correspond to the definitions in the C library’s <ctype.h>
facility. For example, ‘[:alpha:]’ corresponds to the standard
facility isalpha
. Regex recognizes character class expressions
only inside of lists; so ‘[[:alpha:]]’ matches any letter, but
‘[:alpha:]’ outside of a bracket expression and not followed by a
repetition operator matches just itself.
-
)Regex recognizes range expressions inside a list. They represent those characters that fall between two elements in the current collating sequence. You form a range expression by putting a range operator between two of any of the following: characters, collating elements, collating symbols, and equivalence class expressions. The starting point of the range and the ending point of the range don’t have to be the same kind of item, e.g., the starting point could be a collating element and the ending point could be an equivalence class expression. If a range’s ending point is an equivalence class, then all the collating elements in that class will be in the range.5 ‘-’ represents the range operator. For example, ‘a-f’ within a list represents all the characters from ‘a’ through ‘f’ inclusively.
If the syntax bit RE_NO_EMPTY_RANGES
is set, then if the range’s
ending point collates less than its starting point, the range (and the
regular expression containing it) is invalid. For example, the regular
expression ‘[z-a]’ would be invalid. If this bit isn’t set, then
Regex considers such a range to be empty.
Since ‘-’ represents the range operator, if you want to make a ‘-’ character itself a list item, you must do one of the following:
For example, ‘[-a-z]’ matches a lowercase letter or a hyphen (in English, in ASCII).
(
… )
or \(
… \)
)A group, also known as a subexpression, consists of an open-group operator, any number of other operators, and a close-group operator. Regex treats this sequence as a unit, just as mathematics and programming languages treat a parenthesized expression as a unit.
Therefore, using groups, you can:
|
or \|
)) or a repetition operator (see Repetition Operators).
If the syntax bit RE_NO_BK_PARENS
is set, then ‘(’ represents
the open-group operator and ‘)’ represents the
close-group operator; otherwise, ‘\(’ and ‘\)’ do.
If the syntax bit RE_UNMATCHED_RIGHT_PAREN_ORD
is set and a
close-group operator has no matching open-group operator, then Regex
considers it to match ‘)’.
If the syntax bit RE_NO_BK_REF
isn’t set, then Regex recognizes
back-references. A back-reference matches a specified preceding group.
The back-reference operator is represented by ‘\digit’
anywhere after the end of a regular expression’s digit-th
group (see Grouping Operators ((
… )
or \(
… \)
)).
digit must be between ‘1’ and ‘9’. The matcher assigns numbers 1 through 9 to the first nine groups it encounters. By using one of ‘\1’ through ‘\9’ after the corresponding group’s close-group operator, you can match a substring identical to the one that the group does.
Back-references match according to the following (in all examples below, ‘(’ represents the open-group, ‘)’ the close-group, ‘{’ the open-interval and ‘}’ the close-interval operator):
RE_DOT_NEWLINE
isn’t set) string that is composed of two
identical halves; the ‘(.*)’ matches the first half and the
‘\1’ matches the second half.
You can use a back-reference as an argument to a repetition operator. For example, ‘(a(b))\2*’ matches ‘a’ followed by two or more ‘b’s. Similarly, ‘(a(b))\2{3}’ matches ‘abbbb’.
If there is no preceding digit-th subexpression, the regular expression is invalid.
Back-references can greatly slow down matching, as they can generate exponentially many matching possibilities that can consume both time and memory to explore. Also, the POSIX specification for back-references is at times unclear. Furthermore, many regular expression implementations have back-reference bugs that can cause programs to return incorrect answers or even crash, and fixing these bugs has often been low-priority: for example, as of 2020 the GNU C library bug database contained back-reference bugs 52, 10844, 11053, 24269 and 25322, with little sign of forthcoming fixes. Luckily, back-references are rarely useful and it should be little trouble to avoid them in practical applications.
These operators can constrain a pattern to match only at the beginning or end of the entire string or at the beginning or end of a line.
^
)This operator can match the empty string either at the beginning of the string or after a newline character. Thus, it is said to anchor the pattern to the beginning of a line.
In the cases following, ‘^’ represents this operator. (Otherwise, ‘^’ is ordinary.)
RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS
is set, and it is outside
a bracket expression.
(
… )
or \(
… \)
), and The Alternation Operator (|
or \|
).
These rules imply that some valid patterns containing ‘^’ cannot be
matched; for example, ‘foo^bar’ if RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_ANCHORS
is set.
If the not_bol
field is set in the pattern buffer (see GNU Pattern Buffers), then ‘^’ fails to match at the beginning of the
string. This lets you match against pieces of a line, as you would need to if,
say, searching for repeated instances of a given pattern in a line; it
would work correctly for patterns both with and without
match-beginning-of-line operators.
$
)This operator can match the empty string either at the end of the string or before a newline character in the string. Thus, it is said to anchor the pattern to the end of a line.
It is always represented by ‘$’. For example, ‘foo$’ usually matches, e.g., ‘foo’ and, e.g., the first three characters of ‘foo\nbar’.
Its interaction with the syntax bits and pattern buffer fields is
exactly the dual of ‘^’’s; see the previous section. (That is,
“‘^’” becomes “‘$’”, “beginning” becomes “end”,
“next” becomes “previous”, “after” becomes “before”, and
“not_bol
” becomes “not_eol
”.)
Following are operators that GNU defines (and POSIX doesn’t).
The operators in this section require Regex to recognize parts of words. Regex uses a syntax table to determine whether or not a character is part of a word, i.e., whether or not it is word-constituent.
\b
)\B
)\<
)\>
)\w
)\W
)A syntax table is an array indexed by the characters in your
character set. In the ASCII encoding, therefore, a syntax table
has 256 elements. Regex always uses a char *
variable
re_syntax_table
as its syntax table. In some cases, it
initializes this variable and in others it expects you to initialize it.
emacs
and
SYNTAX_TABLE
both undefined, then Regex allocates
re_syntax_table
and initializes an element i either to
Sword
(which it defines) if i is a letter, number, or
‘_’, or to zero if it’s not.
emacs
undefined but SYNTAX_TABLE
defined, then Regex expects you to define a char *
variable
re_syntax_table
to be a valid syntax table.
emacs
defined.
\b
)This operator (represented by ‘\b’) matches the empty string at either the beginning or the end of a word. For example, ‘\brat\b’ matches the separate word ‘rat’.
\B
)This operator (represented by ‘\B’) matches the empty string within a word. For example, ‘c\Brat\Be’ matches ‘crate’, but ‘dirty \Brat’ doesn’t match ‘dirty rat’.
\<
)This operator (represented by ‘\<’) matches the empty string at the beginning of a word.
\>
)This operator (represented by ‘\>’) matches the empty string at the end of a word.
Following are operators which work on buffers. In Emacs, a buffer is, naturally, an Emacs buffer. For other programs, Regex considers the entire string to be matched as the buffer.
Following are operators that GNU defines (and POSIX doesn’t)
that you can use only when Regex is compiled with the preprocessor
symbol emacs
defined.
The operators in this section require Regex to recognize the syntactic classes of characters. Regex uses a syntax table to determine this.
\s
class)\S
class)A syntax table is an array indexed by the characters in your character set. In the ASCII encoding, therefore, a syntax table has 256 elements.
If Regex is compiled with the preprocessor symbol emacs
defined,
then Regex expects you to define and initialize the variable
re_syntax_table
to be an Emacs syntax table. Emacs’ syntax
tables are more complicated than Regex’s own (see Non-Emacs Syntax Tables). See Syntax in The GNU Emacs User’s Manual,
for a description of Emacs’ syntax tables.
\s
class)This operator matches any character whose syntactic class is represented by a specified character. ‘\sclass’ represents this operator where class is the character representing the syntactic class you want. For example, ‘w’ represents the syntactic class of word-constituent characters, so ‘\sw’ matches any word-constituent character.
\S
class)This operator is similar to the match-syntactic-class operator except that it matches any character whose syntactic class is not represented by the specified character. ‘\Sclass’ represents this operator. For example, ‘w’ represents the syntactic class of word-constituent characters, so ‘\Sw’ matches any character that is not word-constituent.
Regex usually matches strings according to the “leftmost longest” rule; that is, it chooses the longest of the leftmost matches. This does not mean that for a regular expression containing subexpressions that it simply chooses the longest match for each subexpression, left to right; the overall match must also be the longest possible one.
For example, ‘(ac*)(c*d[ac]*)\1’ matches ‘acdacaaa’, not ‘acdac’, as it would if it were to choose the longest match for the first subexpression.
Here we describe how you use the Regex data structures and functions in C programs. Regex has three interfaces: one designed for GNU, one compatible with POSIX (as specified by POSIX, draft 1003.2/D11.2), and one compatible with Berkeley Unix. The POSIX interface is not documented here; see the documentation of GNU libc, or the POSIX man pages. The Berkeley Unix interface is documented here for convenience, since its documentation is not otherwise readily available on GNU systems.
If you’re writing code that doesn’t need to be compatible with either POSIX or Berkeley Unix, you can use these functions. They provide more options than the other interfaces.
To compile, match, or search for a given regular expression, you must supply a pattern buffer. A pattern buffer holds one compiled regular expression.6
You can have several different pattern buffers simultaneously, each holding a compiled pattern for a different regular expression.
regex.h defines the pattern buffer struct
with the
following public fields:
unsigned char *buffer; unsigned long allocated; char *fastmap; char *translate; size_t re_nsub; unsigned no_sub : 1; unsigned not_bol : 1; unsigned not_eol : 1;
In GNU, you can both match and search for a given regular expression. To do either, you must first compile it in a pattern buffer (see GNU Pattern Buffers).
Regular expressions match according to the syntax with which they were
compiled; with GNU, you indicate what syntax you want by setting
the variable re_syntax_options
(declared in regex.h)
before calling the compiling function, re_compile_pattern
(see
below). See Syntax Bits, and Predefined Syntaxes.
You can change the value of re_syntax_options
at any time.
Usually, however, you set its value once and then never change it.
re_compile_pattern
takes a pattern buffer as an argument. You
must initialize the following fields:
translate initialization
translate
¶Initialize this to point to a translate table if you want one, or to zero if you don’t. We explain translate tables in GNU Translate Tables.
fastmap
¶Initialize this to nonzero if you want a fastmap, or to zero if you don’t.
buffer
¶allocated
If you want re_compile_pattern
to allocate memory for the
compiled pattern, set both of these to zero. If you have an existing
block of memory (allocated with malloc
) you want Regex to use,
set buffer
to its address and allocated
to its size (in
bytes).
re_compile_pattern
uses realloc
to extend the space for
the compiled pattern as necessary.
To compile a pattern buffer, use:
char * re_compile_pattern (const char *regex, const int regex_size, struct re_pattern_buffer *pattern_buffer)
regex is the regular expression’s address, regex_size is its length, and pattern_buffer is the pattern buffer’s address.
If re_compile_pattern
successfully compiles the regular
expression, it returns zero and sets *pattern_buffer
to the
compiled pattern. It sets the pattern buffer’s fields as follows:
buffer
¶to the compiled pattern.
syntax
¶to the current value of re_syntax_options
.
re_nsub
¶to the number of subexpressions in regex.
If re_compile_pattern
can’t compile regex, it returns an
error string corresponding to a POSIX error code.
Matching the GNU way means trying to match as much of a string as possible starting at a position within it you specify. Once you’ve compiled a pattern into a pattern buffer (see GNU Regular Expression Compiling), you can ask the matcher to match that pattern against a string using:
int re_match (struct re_pattern_buffer *pattern_buffer, const char *string, const int size, const int start, struct re_registers *regs)
pattern_buffer is the address of a pattern buffer containing a compiled pattern. string is the string you want to match; it can contain newline and null characters. size is the length of that string. start is the string index at which you want to begin matching; the first character of string is at index zero. See Using Registers, for an explanation of regs; you can safely pass zero.
re_match
matches the regular expression in pattern_buffer
against the string string according to the syntax of
pattern_buffer. (See GNU Regular Expression Compiling, for how
to set it.) The function returns -1 if the compiled pattern does
not match any part of string and -2 if an internal error
happens; otherwise, it returns how many (possibly zero) characters of
string the pattern matched.
An example: suppose pattern_buffer points to a pattern buffer
containing the compiled pattern for ‘a*’, and string points
to ‘aaaaab’ (whereupon size should be 6). Then if start
is 2, re_match
returns 3, i.e., ‘a*’ would have matched the
last three ‘a’s in string. If start is 0,
re_match
returns 5, i.e., ‘a*’ would have matched all the
‘a’s in string. If start is either 5 or 6, it returns
zero.
If start is not between zero and size, then
re_match
returns -1.
Searching means trying to match starting at successive positions
within a string. The function re_search
does this.
Before calling re_search
, you must compile your regular
expression. See GNU Regular Expression Compiling.
Here is the function declaration:
int re_search (struct re_pattern_buffer *pattern_buffer, const char *string, const int size, const int start, const int range, struct re_registers *regs)
whose arguments are the same as those to re_match
(see GNU Matching) except that the two arguments start and range
replace re_match
’s argument start.
If range is positive, then re_search
attempts a match
starting first at index start, then at start + 1 if
that fails, and so on, up to start + range; if
range is negative, then it attempts a match starting first at
index start, then at start -1 if that fails, and so
on.
If start is not between zero and size, then re_search
returns -1. When range is positive, re_search
adjusts range so that start + range - 1 is
between zero and size, if necessary; that way it won’t search
outside of string. Similarly, when range is negative,
re_search
adjusts range so that start +
range + 1 is between zero and size, if necessary.
If the fastmap
field of pattern_buffer is zero,
re_search
matches starting at consecutive positions; otherwise,
it uses fastmap
to make the search more efficient.
See Searching with Fastmaps.
If no match is found, re_search
returns -1. If
a match is found, it returns the index where the match began. If an
internal error happens, it returns -2.
Using the functions re_match_2
and re_search_2
, you can
match or search in data that is divided into two strings.
The function:
int re_match_2 (struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer, const char *string1, const int size1, const char *string2, const int size2, const int start, struct re_registers *regs, const int stop)
is similar to re_match
(see GNU Matching) except that you
pass two data strings and sizes, and an index stop beyond
which you don’t want the matcher to try matching. As with
re_match
, if it succeeds, re_match_2
returns how many
characters of string it matched. Regard string1 and
string2 as concatenated when you set the arguments start and
stop and use the contents of regs; re_match_2
never
returns a value larger than size1 + size2.
The function:
int re_search_2 (struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer, const char *string1, const int size1, const char *string2, const int size2, const int start, const int range, struct re_registers *regs, const int stop)
is similarly related to re_search
.
If you’re searching through a long string, you should use a fastmap. Without one, the searcher tries to match at consecutive positions in the string. Generally, most of the characters in the string could not start a match. It takes much longer to try matching at a given position in the string than it does to check in a table whether or not the character at that position could start a match. A fastmap is such a table.
More specifically, a fastmap is an array indexed by the characters in
your character set. Under the ASCII encoding, therefore, a fastmap
has 256 elements. If you want the searcher to use a fastmap with a
given pattern buffer, you must allocate the array and assign the array’s
address to the pattern buffer’s fastmap
field. You either can
compile the fastmap yourself or have re_search
do it for you;
when fastmap
is nonzero, it automatically compiles a fastmap the
first time you search using a particular compiled pattern.
By setting the buffer’s fastmap
field before calling
re_compile_pattern
, you can reuse a buffer data structure across
multiple searches with different patterns, and allocate the fastmap only
once. Nonetheless, the fastmap must be recompiled each time the buffer
has a new pattern compiled into it.
To compile a fastmap yourself, use:
int re_compile_fastmap (struct re_pattern_buffer *pattern_buffer)
pattern_buffer is the address of a pattern buffer. If the
character c could start a match for the pattern,
re_compile_fastmap
makes
pattern_buffer->fastmap[c]
nonzero. It returns
0 if it can compile a fastmap and -2 if there is an
internal error. For example, if ‘|’ is the alternation operator
and pattern_buffer holds the compiled pattern for ‘a|b’, then
re_compile_fastmap
sets fastmap['a']
and
fastmap['b']
(and no others).
re_search
uses a fastmap as it moves along in the string: it
checks the string’s characters until it finds one that’s in the fastmap.
Then it tries matching at that character. If the match fails, it
repeats the process. So, by using a fastmap, re_search
doesn’t
waste time trying to match at positions in the string that couldn’t
start a match.
If you don’t want re_search
to use a fastmap,
store zero in the fastmap
field of the pattern buffer before
calling re_search
.
Once you’ve initialized a pattern buffer’s fastmap
field, you
need never do so again—even if you compile a new pattern in
it—provided the way the field is set still reflects whether or not you
want a fastmap. re_search
will still either do nothing if
fastmap
is null or, if it isn’t, compile a new fastmap for the
new pattern.
If you set the translate
field of a pattern buffer to a translate
table, then the GNU Regex functions to which you’ve passed that
pattern buffer use it to apply a simple transformation
to all the regular expression and string characters at which they look.
A translate table is an array indexed by the characters in your
character set. Under the ASCII encoding, therefore, a translate
table has 256 elements. The array’s elements are also characters in
your character set. When the Regex functions see a character c,
they use translate[c]
in its place, with one exception: the
character after a ‘\’ is not translated. (This ensures that, the
operators, e.g., ‘\B’ and ‘\b’, are always distinguishable.)
For example, a table that maps all lowercase letters to the
corresponding uppercase ones would cause the matcher to ignore
differences in case.7 Such a table would map all characters except lowercase letters
to themselves, and lowercase letters to the corresponding uppercase
ones. Under the ASCII encoding, here’s how you could initialize
such a table (we’ll call it case_fold
):
for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) case_fold[i] = i; for (i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++) case_fold[i] = i - ('a' - 'A');
You tell Regex to use a translate table on a given pattern buffer by
assigning that table’s address to the translate
field of that
buffer. If you don’t want Regex to do any translation, put zero into
this field. You’ll get weird results if you change the table’s contents
anytime between compiling the pattern buffer, compiling its fastmap, and
matching or searching with the pattern buffer.
A group in a regular expression can match a (possibly empty) substring of the string that regular expression as a whole matched. The matcher remembers the beginning and end of the substring matched by each group.
To find out what they matched, pass a nonzero regs argument to a GNU matching or searching function (see GNU Matching and GNU Searching), i.e., the address of a structure of this type, as defined in regex.h:
Except for (possibly) the num_regs’th element (see below), the
ith element of the start
and end
arrays records
information about the ith group in the pattern. (They’re declared
as C pointers, but this is only because not all C compilers accept
zero-length arrays; conceptually, it is simplest to think of them as
arrays.)
The start
and end
arrays are allocated in one of two ways.
The simplest and perhaps most useful is to let the matcher (re)allocate
enough space to record information for all the groups in the regular
expression. If re_set_registers
is not called before searching
or matching, then the matcher allocates two arrays each of 1 +
re_nsub elements (re_nsub is another field in the pattern
buffer; see GNU Pattern Buffers). The extra element is set to
-1. Then on subsequent calls with the same pattern buffer and
regs arguments, the matcher reallocates more space if necessary.
The function:
void re_set_registers (struct re_pattern_buffer *buffer, struct re_registers *regs, size_t num_regs, regoff_t *starts, regoff_t *ends)
sets regs to hold num_regs registers, storing
them in starts and ends. Subsequent matches using
buffer and regs will use this memory for recording
register information. starts and ends must be allocated
with malloc, and must each be at least num_regs *
sizeof (regoff_t)
bytes long.
If num_regs is zero, then subsequent matches should allocate their own register data.
Unless this function is called, the first search or match using buffer will allocate its own register data, without freeing the old data.
The following examples illustrate the information recorded in the
re_registers
structure. (In all of them, ‘(’ represents the
open-group and ‘)’ the close-group operator. The first character
in the string string is at index 0.)
regs->start[i]
to the index in string where
the substring matched by the i-th group begins, and
regs->end[i]
to the index just beyond that
substring’s end. The function sets regs->start[0]
and
regs->end[0]
to analogous information about the entire
pattern.
For example, when you match ‘((a)(b))’ against ‘ab’, you get:
regs->start[0]
and 2 in regs->end[0]
regs->start[1]
and 2 in regs->end[1]
regs->start[2]
and 1 in regs->end[2]
regs->start[3]
and 2 in regs->end[3]
For example, when you match the pattern ‘(a)*’ against the string ‘aa’, you get:
regs->start[0]
and 2 in regs->end[0]
regs->start[1]
and 2 in regs->end[1]
regs->start[i]
and
regs->end[i]
to -1.
For example, when you match the pattern ‘(a)*b’ against the string ‘b’, you get:
regs->start[0]
and 1 in regs->end[0]
regs->start[1]
and -1 in regs->end[1]
regs->start[i]
and
regs->end[i]
to the index just beyond that
zero-length string.
For example, when you match the pattern ‘(a*)b’ against the string ‘b’, you get:
regs->start[0]
and 1 in regs->end[0]
regs->start[1]
and 0 in regs->end[1]
regs->start[j]
and
regs->end[j]
the last match (if it matched) of
the j-th group.
For example, when you match the pattern ‘((a*)b)*’ against the string ‘abb’, group 2 last matches the empty string, so you get what it previously matched:
regs->start[0]
and 3 in regs->end[0]
regs->start[1]
and 3 in regs->end[1]
regs->start[2]
and 2 in regs->end[2]
When you match the pattern ‘((a)*b)*’ against the string ‘abb’, group 2 doesn’t participate in the last match, so you get:
regs->start[0]
and 3 in regs->end[0]
regs->start[1]
and 3 in regs->end[1]
regs->start[2]
and 1 in regs->end[2]
regs->start[i]
and
regs->end[i]
to -1, then it also sets
regs->start[j]
and
regs->end[j]
to -1.
For example, when you match the pattern ‘((a)*b)*c’ against the string ‘c’, you get:
regs->start[0]
and 1 in regs->end[0]
regs->start[1]
and -1 in regs->end[1]
regs->start[2]
and -1 in regs->end[2]
To free any allocated fields of a pattern buffer, use the POSIX
function regfree
:
void regfree (regex_t *preg)
preg is the pattern buffer whose allocated fields you want freed;
this works because since the type regex_t
—the type for
POSIX pattern buffers—is equivalent to the type
re_pattern_buffer
.
regfree
also sets preg’s allocated
field to zero.
After a buffer has been freed, it must have a regular expression
compiled in it before passing it to a matching or searching function.
If you’re writing code that has to be Berkeley Unix compatible, you’ll need to use these functions whose interfaces are the same as those in Berkeley Unix.
With Berkeley Unix, you can only search for a given regular
expression; you can’t match one. To search for it, you must first
compile it. Before you compile it, you must indicate the regular
expression syntax you want it compiled according to by setting the
variable re_syntax_options
(declared in regex.h to some
syntax (see Regular Expression Syntax).
To compile a regular expression use:
char * re_comp (char *regex)
regex is the address of a null-terminated regular expression.
re_comp
uses an internal pattern buffer, so you can use only the
most recently compiled pattern buffer. This means that if you want to
use a given regular expression that you’ve already compiled—but it
isn’t the latest one you’ve compiled—you’ll have to recompile it. If
you call re_comp
with the null string (not the empty
string) as the argument, it doesn’t change the contents of the pattern
buffer.
If re_comp
successfully compiles the regular expression, it
returns zero. If it can’t compile the regular expression, it returns
an error string. re_comp
’s error messages are identical to those
of re_compile_pattern
(see GNU Regular Expression Compiling).
Searching the Berkeley Unix way means searching in a string
starting at its first character and trying successive positions within
it to find a match. Once you’ve compiled a pattern using re_comp
(see BSD Regular Expression Compiling), you can ask Regex
to search for that pattern in a string using:
int re_exec (char *string)
string is the address of the null-terminated string in which you want to search.
re_exec
returns either 1 for success or 0 for failure. It
automatically uses a GNU fastmap (see Searching with Fastmaps).
Gnulib supports many different types of regular expressions; although the underlying features are the same or identical, the syntax used varies. The descriptions given here for the different types are generated automatically.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character except the null character.
indicates that the regular expression should match one or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.
indicates that the regular expression should match zero or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.
matches a ‘+’
matches a ‘?’.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are invalid. Within square brackets, ‘\’ can be used to quote the following character. Character classes are supported; for example ‘[[:digit:]]’ will match a single decimal digit.
GNU extensions are not supported and so ‘\w’, ‘\W’, ‘\<’, ‘\>’, ‘\b’, ‘\B’, ‘\`’, and ‘\'’ match ‘w’, ‘W’, ‘<’, ‘>’, ‘b’, ‘B’, ‘`’, and ‘'’ respectively.
Grouping is performed with parentheses ‘()’. An unmatched ‘)’ matches just itself. A backslash followed by a digit matches that digit.
The alternation operator is ‘|’.
The characters ‘^’ and ‘$’ always represent the beginning and end of a string respectively, except within square brackets. Within brackets, ‘^’ can be used to invert the membership of the character class being specified.
‘*’, ‘+’ and ‘?’ are special at any point in a regular expression except:
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character.
indicates that the regular expression should match one or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.
indicates that the regular expression should match zero or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.
matches a ‘+’
matches a ‘?’.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are invalid. Within square brackets, ‘\’ is taken literally. Character classes are supported; for example ‘[[:digit:]]’ will match a single decimal digit.
GNU extensions are supported:
Grouping is performed with parentheses ‘()’. An unmatched ‘)’ matches just itself. A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number. For example ‘\2’ matches the second group expression. The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ‘(’.
The alternation operator is ‘|’.
The characters ‘^’ and ‘$’ always represent the beginning and end of a string respectively, except within square brackets. Within brackets, ‘^’ can be used to invert the membership of the character class being specified.
The characters ‘*’, ‘+’ and ‘?’ are special anywhere in a regular expression.
Intervals are specified by ‘{’ and ‘}’. Invalid intervals are treated as literals, for example ‘a{1’ is treated as ‘a\{1’
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character except the null character.
indicates that the regular expression should match one or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.
indicates that the regular expression should match zero or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.
match themselves.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are invalid. Within square brackets, ‘\’ is taken literally. Character classes are supported; for example ‘[[:digit:]]’ will match a single decimal digit.
GNU extensions are supported:
Grouping is performed with backslashes followed by parentheses ‘\(’, ‘\)’. A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number. For example ‘\2’ matches the second group expression. The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ‘\(’.
The alternation operator is ‘\|’.
The character ‘^’ only represents the beginning of a string when it appears:
The character ‘$’ only represents the end of a string when it appears:
‘\*’, ‘\+’ and ‘\?’ are special at any point in a regular expression except:
Intervals are specified by ‘\{’ and ‘\}’. Invalid intervals such as ‘a\{1z’ are not accepted.
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character except newline.
indicates that the regular expression should match one or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.
indicates that the regular expression should match zero or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.
matches a ‘+’
matches a ‘?’.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are ignored. Within square brackets, ‘\’ is taken literally. Character classes are not supported, so for example you would need to use ‘[0-9]’ instead of ‘[[:digit:]]’.
GNU extensions are supported:
Grouping is performed with backslashes followed by parentheses ‘\(’, ‘\)’. A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number. For example ‘\2’ matches the second group expression. The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ‘\(’.
The alternation operator is ‘\|’.
The character ‘^’ only represents the beginning of a string when it appears:
The character ‘$’ only represents the end of a string when it appears:
‘*’, ‘+’ and ‘?’ are special at any point in a regular expression except:
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character.
indicates that the regular expression should match one or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.
indicates that the regular expression should match zero or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.
matches a ‘+’
matches a ‘?’.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are invalid. Within square brackets, ‘\’ can be used to quote the following character. Character classes are supported; for example ‘[[:digit:]]’ will match a single decimal digit.
GNU extensions are supported:
Grouping is performed with parentheses ‘()’. An unmatched ‘)’ matches just itself. A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number. For example ‘\2’ matches the second group expression. The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ‘(’.
The alternation operator is ‘|’.
The characters ‘^’ and ‘$’ always represent the beginning and end of a string respectively, except within square brackets. Within brackets, ‘^’ can be used to invert the membership of the character class being specified.
‘*’, ‘+’ and ‘?’ are special at any point in a regular expression except:
Intervals are specified by ‘{’ and ‘}’. Invalid intervals are treated as literals, for example ‘a{1’ is treated as ‘a\{1’
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character.
indicates that the regular expression should match one or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.
indicates that the regular expression should match zero or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.
match themselves.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are invalid. Within square brackets, ‘\’ is taken literally. Character classes are supported; for example ‘[[:digit:]]’ will match a single decimal digit.
GNU extensions are supported:
Grouping is performed with backslashes followed by parentheses ‘\(’, ‘\)’. A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number. For example ‘\2’ matches the second group expression. The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ‘\(’.
The alternation operator is ‘\|’.
The character ‘^’ only represents the beginning of a string when it appears:
The character ‘$’ only represents the end of a string when it appears:
‘\*’, ‘\+’ and ‘\?’ are special at any point in a regular expression except:
Intervals are specified by ‘\{’ and ‘\}’. Invalid intervals such as ‘a\{1z’ are not accepted.
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character except the null character.
indicates that the regular expression should match one or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.
indicates that the regular expression should match zero or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.
matches a ‘+’
matches a ‘?’.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are invalid. Within square brackets, ‘\’ can be used to quote the following character. Character classes are supported; for example ‘[[:digit:]]’ will match a single decimal digit.
GNU extensions are not supported and so ‘\w’, ‘\W’, ‘\<’, ‘\>’, ‘\b’, ‘\B’, ‘\`’, and ‘\'’ match ‘w’, ‘W’, ‘<’, ‘>’, ‘b’, ‘B’, ‘`’, and ‘'’ respectively.
Grouping is performed with parentheses ‘()’. An unmatched ‘)’ matches just itself. A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number. For example ‘\2’ matches the second group expression. The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ‘(’.
The alternation operator is ‘|’.
The characters ‘^’ and ‘$’ always represent the beginning and end of a string respectively, except within square brackets. Within brackets, ‘^’ can be used to invert the membership of the character class being specified.
‘*’, ‘+’ and ‘?’ are special at any point in a regular expression except the following places, where they are not allowed:
Intervals are specified by ‘{’ and ‘}’. Invalid intervals are treated as literals, for example ‘a{1’ is treated as ‘a\{1’
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
This is a synonym for ed.
This is a synonym for egrep.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character except the null character.
indicates that the regular expression should match one or more occurrences of the previous atom or regexp.
indicates that the regular expression should match zero or one occurrence of the previous atom or regexp.
matches a ‘+’
matches a ‘?’.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are invalid. Within square brackets, ‘\’ is taken literally. Character classes are supported; for example ‘[[:digit:]]’ will match a single decimal digit.
GNU extensions are supported:
Grouping is performed with parentheses ‘()’. An unmatched ‘)’ matches just itself. A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number. For example ‘\2’ matches the second group expression. The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ‘(’.
The alternation operator is ‘|’.
The characters ‘^’ and ‘$’ always represent the beginning and end of a string respectively, except within square brackets. Within brackets, ‘^’ can be used to invert the membership of the character class being specified.
‘*’, ‘+’ and ‘?’ are special at any point in a regular expression except the following places, where they are not allowed:
Intervals are specified by ‘{’ and ‘}’. Invalid intervals such as ‘a{1z’ are not accepted.
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
The character ‘.’ matches any single character except the null character.
Bracket expressions are used to match ranges of characters. Bracket expressions where the range is backward, for example ‘[z-a]’, are invalid. Within square brackets, ‘\’ is taken literally. Character classes are supported; for example ‘[[:digit:]]’ will match a single decimal digit.
GNU extensions are supported:
Grouping is performed with backslashes followed by parentheses ‘\(’, ‘\)’. A backslash followed by a digit acts as a back-reference and matches the same thing as the previous grouped expression indicated by that number. For example ‘\2’ matches the second group expression. The order of group expressions is determined by the position of their opening parenthesis ‘\(’.
The character ‘^’ only represents the beginning of a string when it appears:
The character ‘$’ only represents the end of a string when it appears:
Intervals are specified by ‘\{’ and ‘\}’. Invalid intervals such as ‘a\{1z’ are not accepted.
The longest possible match is returned; this applies to the regular expression as a whole and (subject to this constraint) to subexpressions within groups.
This is a synonym for ed.
Gnulib has a couple of modules that don’t provide code, but rather extend the GNU Build System. That is, they are convenience facilities for use with GNU Automake (in particular).
The following macros check for the presence or location of certain C, C++, or Fortran library archive files.
The macros AC_CHECK_LIB
, AC_SEARCH_LIBS
from GNU Autoconf check
for the presence of certain C, C++, or Fortran library archive files.
The libraries are looked up in the default linker path—a system dependent
list of directories, that usually contains the /usr/lib directory—and
those directories given by -L
options in the LDFLAGS
variable.
The following macros, defined in the Gnulib module havelib
, search for
the location of certain C, C++, or Fortran library archive files and make the
found location available to the compilation process and to further Autoconf
tests.
AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS(name, [dependencies])
¶Searches for lib<name>
and the libraries corresponding to
explicit and implicit dependencies. Sets and AC_SUBSTs the
LIB<NAME>
and LTLIB<NAME>
variables (with
<NAME>
in upper case) and augments the CPPFLAGS
variable
by -I
options.
This macro should be used when lib<name>
is expected to be found.
AC_LIB_HAVE_LINKFLAGS(name, [dependencies], [includes], [testcode], [missing-message])
¶Searches for lib<name>
and the libraries corresponding to
explicit and implicit dependencies, together with the specified include files
and the ability to compile and link the specified testcode. The
missing-message defaults to no
and may contain additional hints
for the user. If found, it sets and AC_SUBSTs HAVE_LIB<NAME>=yes
and the LIB<NAME>
and LTLIB<NAME>
variables (with
<NAME>
in upper case) and augments the CPPFLAGS
variable
by -I
options, and #defines HAVE_LIB<NAME>
to 1.
Otherwise, it sets and AC_SUBSTs HAVE_LIB<NAME>=no
and
LIB<NAME>
and LTLIB<NAME>
to empty.
These macros assume that when a library is installed in
some_directory/lib
, its include files are installed in
some_directory/include
.
The complexities that AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS
and AC_LIB_HAVE_LINKFLAGS
deal with are the following:
CPPFLAGS
for
the include file search path, LDFLAGS
for the library search path).
The macro provides a ‘--with-lib<name>’ option. The user of the
‘configure’ script can use this option to indicate the location of the
library and its include files. If not provided, the --prefix
directory
is searched as well.
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
, the macro adds the appropriate run time search path
options to the LIB<NAME>
variable. This works on most systems.
It can also be inhibited: The user of ‘configure’ can use the
--disable-rpath
option to force an installation that doesn’t contain
hardcoded library search paths but instead may require the use of an
environment variable like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
.
The macros also set a variable LTLIB<NAME>
, that should be used
when linking with libtool. Both LTLIB<NAME>
and
LIB<NAME>
contain essentially the same option, but where
LIB<NAME>
contains platform dependent flags like
‘-Wl,-rpath’, LTLIB<NAME>
contains platform independent
flags like ‘-R’.
If you, by mistake, use LIB<NAME>
instead of
LTLIB<NAME>
when linking with libtool, you will observe that the
binaries created in the build dir will prefer the shared libraries in the
installation directories over the shared libraries in the build dir; this can
lead to all sorts of build failures, test failures, or crashes!
If you, on the other hand, by mistake, use LTLIB<NAME>
instead of
LIB<NAME>
when linking without libtool, you will observe
build failures, because the ‘-R’ options contained in
LTLIB<NAME>
are not valid options to compilers such as GCC.
AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS
CPPFLAGS
vs. LDFLAGS
AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS
Suppose you want to use libz
, the compression library.
AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux]) AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS([z])
Note that since the AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS
invocation modifies the CPPFLAGS,
it should precede all tests that check for header files, declarations,
structures or types.
havelib
module.
(gnulib-tool
will usually do this for you automatically.)
Makefile.in
you add @LIBZ@
to the link command line of
your program. Or, if you are using Automake, you add $(LIBZ)
to the
LDADD
variable that corresponds to your program.
The dependencies list is a space separated list of library names that
libname
is known to depend upon. Example: If libfooy
depends on libfoox
, and libfooz
depends on libfoox
and
libfooy
, you can write:
AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS([foox]) AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS([fooy], [foox]) AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS([fooz], [foox fooy])
Explicit dependencies are necessary if you cannot assume that a .la
file, created by libtool, is installed. If you can assume that
libfooy.la
is installed by libtool (and has not been omitted by the
package distributor!), you can omit the explicit dependency and just write
AC_LIB_LINKFLAGS([fooy])
This way, you don’t need to know in advance which libraries the needed library depends upon.
CPPFLAGS
vs. LDFLAGS
The macros determine the directories that should be added to the compiler
preprocessor’s search path and to the linker’s search path. For the
compiler preprocessor, -I
options with the necessary directories are
added to the CPPFLAGS
variable, for use by the whole package. For
the linker, appropriate options are added to the LIB<NAME>
and
LTLIB<NAME>
variables, for use during linking by those programs
and libraries that need the dependency on lib<name>
. You need
to use the value of LIB<NAME>
or LTLIB<NAME>
in the
Makefiles. LTLIB<NAME>
is for use with libtool, whereas
LIB<NAME>
is for when libtool is not involved in linking.
The macros do not check whether the include files and the library found match. If you want to verify this at configure time, one technique is to have a version number in the include files and a version number in the library, like this:
#define LIBNAME_VERSION 10203 extern int libname_version; /* initialized to LIBNAME_VERSION */
and use a test like
AC_TRY_RUN([int main () { return libname_version != LIBNAME_VERSION; }])
A bi-arch system is one where
On several types of such systems, for historical reasons, the 32-bit libraries are installed in prefix/lib, whereas the 64-bit libraries are installed in
On such systems, in 64-bit mode, configure
will search for the
libraries in prefix/lib64 or prefix/lib/64,
respectively, not in prefix/lib. A user can adhere to these
system-wide conventions by using the ‘--libdir’ option when installing
packages. When a user has already installed packages in 64-bit mode using
the GNU default ‘--libdir=prefix/lib’, he can make this directory
adhere to the system-wide convention by placing a symbolic link:
ln -s lib prefix/lib64
ln -s . prefix/lib/64
The lib-symbol-versions
module can be used to add shared
library versioning support. Currently, only GNU LD and the Solaris
linker supports this.
Version scripts provides information that can be used by GNU/Linux
distribution packaging tools. For example, Debian has a tool
dpkg-shlibdeps
that can determine the minimal required version
of each dependency (by looking at the symbol list) and stuff the
information into the Debian specific packaging files.
For more information and other uses of version scripts, see Ulrich Drepper’s paper https://www.akkadia.org/drepper/dsohowto.pdf
You use the module by importing it to your library, and then add the
following lines to the Makefile.am
that builds the library:
if HAVE_LD_VERSION_SCRIPT libfoo_la_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--version-script=$(srcdir)/libfoo.map endif
The version script file format is documented in the GNU LD manual, but a small example would be:
LIBFOO_1.0 { global: libfoo_init; libfoo_doit; libfoo_done; local: *; };
If you target platforms that do not support linker scripts (i.e., all
platforms that doesn’t use GNU LD) you may want to consider a more
portable but less powerful alternative: libtool
-export-symbols
. It will hide internal symbols from your
library, but will not add ELF versioning symbols. Your usage would
then be something like:
if HAVE_LD_VERSION_SCRIPT libfoo_la_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--version-script=$(srcdir)/libfoo.map else libfoo_la_LDFLAGS += -export-symbols $(srcdir)/libfoo.sym endif
See the Libtool manual for the file syntax, but a small example would be:
libfoo_init libfoo_doit libfoo_done
To avoid the need for a *.sym
file if your symbols are easily
expressed using a regular expression, you may use
-export-symbols-regex
:
if HAVE_LD_VERSION_SCRIPT libfoo_la_LDFLAGS += -Wl,--version-script=$(srcdir)/libfoo.map else libfoo_la_LDFLAGS += -export-symbols-regex '^libfoo_.*' endif
For more discussions about symbol visibility, rather than shared
library versioning, see the visibility
module
(see Controlling the Exported Symbols of Shared Libraries).
The configmake
module builds a C include file named
configmake.h containing the usual installation directory
values; for example, those specified by --prefix
or
--libdir
to configure. Each variable is given a #define
with an all-uppercase macro name, such as PREFIX
and
LIBDIR
. (Automake cannot create this file directly because the
user might override directory values at make
time.)
Specifically, the module retrieves values of the variables through
configure
followed by make
, not directly through
configure
, so that a user who sets some of these variables
consistently on the make
command line gets correct results.
One advantage of this approach, compared to the classical approach of
adding -DLIBDIR=\"$(libdir)\"
etc. to AM_CPPFLAGS
, is
that it protects against the use of undefined variables. That is, if,
say, $(libdir)
is not set in the Makefile, LIBDIR
is not
defined by this module, and code using LIBDIR
gives a
compilation error.
Another advantage is that make
output is shorter.
For the complete list of variables which are #define
d this way,
see the file gnulib/modules/configmake, or inspect your
resulting gnulib Makefile.
The warnings
module allows to regularly build a package with more
GCC warnings than the default warnings emitted by GCC.
It provides the following functionality:
CFLAGS
variable at configuration time.
CFLAGS
does not work in general, because it may
break autoconfiguration.)
configure
with an option such as
--enable-gcc-warnings.
To use this module, you need the following:
gl_WARN_ADD([-Wall], [WARN_CFLAGS]) gl_WARN_ADD([-Wpointer-arith], [WARN_CFLAGS])
WARN_CFLAGS
, use it in the
definition of AM_CFLAGS
, like this:
AM_CFLAGS = $(WARN_CFLAGS)
Note that the AM_CFLAGS
is used in combination with CFLAGS
and before CFLAGS
in build rules emitted by Automake. This allows
the user to provide CFLAGS
that override the WARN_CFLAGS
.
‘gl_WARN_ADD([-Werror])’ is intended for developers, and should be avoided in contexts where it would affect ordinary installation builds. The warnings emitted by GCC depend, to some extent, on the contents of the system header files, on the size and signedness of built-in types, etc. Use of ‘-Werror’ would cause frustration to all users on platforms that the maintainer has not tested before the release. It is better if ‘-Werror’ is off by default, and is enabled only by developers. For example, ‘-Werror’ could affect ‘make distcheck’ or ‘configure --enable-gcc-warnings’ as mentioned above.
The manywarnings
module allows you to enable as many GCC warnings as
possible for your package. The purpose is to protect against introducing new
code that triggers warnings that weren’t already triggered by the existing code
base.
An example use of the module is as follows:
gl_MANYWARN_ALL_GCC([warnings]) # Set up the list of the pointless, undesired warnings. nw= nw="$nw -Winline" # It's OK to not inline. nw="$nw -Wstrict-overflow" # It's OK to optimize strictly. nw="$nw -Wsystem-headers" # Don't let system headers trigger warnings. # Enable all GCC warnings not in this list. gl_MANYWARN_COMPLEMENT([warnings], [$warnings], [$nw]) for w in $warnings; do gl_WARN_ADD([$w]) done
This module is meant to be used by developers who are not very experienced
regarding the various GCC warning options. In the beginning you will set the
list of undesired warnings (‘nw’ in the example above) to empty, and
compile the package with all possible warnings enabled. The GCC option
-fdiagnostics-show-option
, available in GCC 4.1 or newer, helps
understanding which warnings originated from which option. Then you will
go through the list of warnings. You will likely deactivate warnings that
occur often and don’t point to mistakes in the code, by adding them to the
‘nw’ variable, then reconfiguring and recompiling. When warnings point
to real mistakes and bugs in the code, you will of course not disable
them.
There are also many GCC warning options which usually don’t point to mistakes in the code; these warnings enforce a certain programming style. It is a project management decision whether you want your code to follow any of these styles. Note that some of these programming styles are conflicting. You cannot have them all; you have to choose among them.
When a new version of GCC is released, you can add the new warning options
that it introduces into the gl_MANYWARN_ALL_GCC
macro (and submit your
modification to the Gnulib maintainers :-)), and enjoy the benefits of the
new warnings, while adding the undesired ones to the ‘nw’ variable.
For projects written in C or similar languages, running the self-tests
under Valgrind can reveal hard to find memory issues. Gnulib supports
two ways to make use of Valgrind: one that enables use of Valgrind at
configure time, when configure
found it to be present; and one
at the discretion of the developer.
The valgrind-tests
module searches for Valgrind at configure time
and declares the LOG_VALGRIND
automake variable for use with
automake’s LOG_COMPILER
.
After importing the valgrind-tests
module to your project, you
use it by adding the following to the Makefile.am
that runs the
self-tests:
LOG_COMPILER = $(LOG_VALGRIND)
This will run all self-checks under valgrind.
Replace LOG_COMPILER
with TESTS_ENVIRONMENT
if you are
using the old serial test harness. The parallel test harness has been
the default in automake since version 1.11.3, but if you are using an
older automake, or put ‘serial-tests’ in
‘AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE’/‘AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS’ you would still be using
the serial test harness.
If you desire a project-wide decision that valgrind is not enabled by
default, but still allow users to enable it with
--enable-valgrind-tests
you may put the following in configure.ac
before gl_INIT.
gl_VALGRIND_TESTS_DEFAULT_NO
The VALGRIND
variable holds the name of the valgrind binary and
some options passed to valgrind. You may provide additional options
that are passed to valgrind using the ‘VALGRINDFLAGS’ variable, for
example:
./configure VALGRINDFLAGS="--suppressions=~/local.supp"
Alternatively during build phase:
make check VALGRINDFLAGS="--suppressions=~/local.supp"
This is useful if you have a valgrind suppression files that are needed to avoid triggering errors for known errors, typically in system libraries.
The VALGRIND
variable include options that are useful when
valgrind is run non-interactively through the test harness. The default
parameters are -q
to silence the output,
--error-exitcode=1
to cause valgrind errors to be treated as
fatal errors, and --leak-check=full
to check for memory leaks.
These options can be controlled through the DEFAULT_VALGRINDFLAGS
variable. For example, when configuring the package:
./configure DEFAULT_VALGRINDFLAGS="--quiet"
Alternatively, during the build phase:
make check DEFAULT_VALGRINDFLAGS="--quiet"
That would have the effect of removing --error-exitcode=1
and
--leak-check=full
from the default options, thus causing any
valgrind errors to be silently ignored, instead of causing fatal test
failures.
As a developer you may use the variables in configure.ac
before
calling gl_INIT
, like this if your program has deeply-nested call
chains:
gl_EARLY ... VALGRINDFLAGS="$VALGRINDFLAGS --num-callers=42" ... gl_INIT
Note that any user-supplied VALGRINDFLAGS
value is preserved,
which is usually what you want.
Finally, as a developer you may want to provide additional per-directory
options to valgrind and the AM_VALGRINDFLAGS
variable can be used
for this. For example:
AM_VALGRINDFLAGS = --suppressions=$(srcdir)/local-valgrind.supp LOG_COMPILER = $(LOG_VALGRIND)
In this approach, you define a Makefile.am
variable ‘VALGRIND’
(or, more abstractly, ‘CHECKER’), that is usually set to empty.
When you have configured and built the package and you decide that you want
to run the tests with valgrind, you do so by modifying the definition of
‘VALGRIND’ in the Makefile.
It is not desirable to apply valgrind to shell scripts or other non-binaries, because
There are two ways to avoid this:
TEST_EXTENSIONS = .pl .sh LOG_COMPILER = $(LOG_VALGRIND)
Then valgrind will only be used for the non-.sh and non-.pl tests.
For old automake (before 1.11.3), you will need AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS =
parallel-tests
to enable the parallel test harness.
build-aux/run-test
script from Gnulib.
Add these lines to your Makefile.am
:
LOG_COMPILER += $(SHELL) $(top_srcdir)/build-aux/run-test '$(LOG_VALGRIND)'
Replace LOG_COMPILER
with TESTS_ENVIRONMENT
if you use the
old serial test harness.
However, with this measure in place, binaries invoked through scripts will
not be invoked under valgrind. This can be solved by defining environment
variables in the TESTS_ENVIRONMENT
variable that are then used by the
shell scripts. For example, add the following:
TESTS_ENVIRONMENT = VALGRIND='$(LOG_VALGRIND)'
And then modify the shell scripts to invoke the binary prefixed with
$VALGRIND
.
Gnulib provides the ‘vcs-to-changelog’ module to generate an output similar to the GNU ChangeLog format from metadata of source control software such as git. Here’s an example of using ‘vcs-to-changelog’:
build-aux/vcs-to-changelog.py <from_ref> <to_ref>
where <from_ref>
and <to_ref>
refer to the range of commits to
generate the output.
VCS To ChangeLog currently recognises changes in C source code and can traverse commits in git. Additional source frontends and source control backends may be added to the module. ‘vcs-to-changelog’ takes the following optional arguments:
-d
: Run the parser debugger, used for debugging
‘vcs-to-changelog’
-q filename
: Load filename as the quirks file for the
project.
The quirks file is a python module that must minimally implement a
get_project_quirks
function that returns an object of type
ProjectQuirks
or its subclass. The subclass may override the following
members of ProjectQuirks
:
repo
: Specify the project repo source control. The default value
is git
.
IGNORE_LIST
: A list of files to ignore in the changesets, either
because they are not needed (such as the ChangeLog) or because they are
not parseable. For example, the GNU C Library has a header file that is only
assembly code, which breaks the C parser.
MACRO_QUIRKS
: A list of dictionary entries with indexes as
orig
and sub
where orig
is a Python regular expression
pattern to match and sub
is the substitution. These substitutions are
used to work around C/C++ macros that are known to break parsing of C programs.
C_MACROS
: This is a list of C preprocessor macro definitions that
are extensively used and are known to break parsing due to some characteristic,
mainly the lack of a semicolon at the end.
Gnulib contains also a small number of files that are not part of
modules. They are meant to be imported into packages by means of
‘gnulib-tool --copy-file’, not ‘gnulib-tool --import’. For
example, the commands to import the files config.guess
and
config.sub
are
for file in config.guess config.sub; do $GNULIB_TOOL --copy-file build-aux/$file \ && chmod a+x build-aux/$file \ || exit $? done
Packages that don’t use Gnulib can get hold of these files through direct download from Gnulib’s git repository. The commands to do this look as follows:
for file in config.guess config.sub; do echo "$0: getting $file..." wget -q --timeout=5 -O build-aux/$file.tmp "https://git.savannah.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=gnulib.git;a=blob_plain;f=build-aux/${file};hb=HEAD" \ && mv build-aux/$file.tmp build-aux/$file \ && chmod a+x build-aux/$file retval=$? rm -f build-aux/$file.tmp test $retval -eq 0 || exit $retval done
build-aux/config.guess
build-aux/config.sub
These files are helper scripts, invoked by the ‘configure’ script.
config.guess
recognizes the platform on which the script is
running, and produces a triplet of the form
cpu-type-vendor-operating_system
.
config.sub
receives a possibly abbreviated triplet and produces a
canonical triplet for a platform. For more information, see
https://www.gnu.org/prep/standards/html_node/Configuration.html.
It is important that you always include the newest versions of these two files in your tarball, because people who work on emerging platforms otherwise have a hard time building your package.
These are a couple of programs that are often useful in Makefiles. Some of them are also described in https://www.gnu.org/software/automake/manual/html_node/Auxiliary-Programs.html.
build-aux/ar-lib
build-aux/compile
These two scripts are necessary for supporting portability to native
Windows with the MSVC compiler. compile
is a wrapper script that
invokes the compiler and provides a command-line interface compatible
with Unix compilers. Similarly, ar-lib
is a wrapper script that
provides a command-line interface compatible with Unix ar
.
build-aux/depcomp
This is a helper script, used by Makefile rules generated by GNU Automake. It generates Makefile dependencies while compiling a file.
build-aux/install-sh
This is a helper script, used by Makefile rules generated by GNU
Automake. It installs files during the make install
phase. In
the Makefile, don’t use this file directly; always use
$(INSTALL_PROGRAM)
or $(INSTALL_DATA)
instead.
build-aux/mdate-sh
This script determines the modification time of a file and pretty-prints it. The typical use is to add a “Last modified” line to the documentation.
build-aux/mkinstalldirs
This is a helper script, used by Makefile rules generated by GNU
Automake. It creates directories during the make install
phase.
It is roughly equivalent to ‘mkdir -p’ (except that the latter is
not portable). In the Makefile, don’t use this file directly; always
use $(MKDIR_P)
instead.
build-aux/mktempd
This script creates a temporary directory. It is roughly equivalent to ‘mktemp -d’ (except that the latter is not portable).
build-aux/move-if-change
This script moves a freshly generated file to a destination file, with a special optimization for the case that both files are identical. In this case the freshly generated file is deleted, and the time stamp of the destination file is not changed. This is useful when updating a file that rarely actually changes and which many Makefile targets depend upon.
These are a couple of programs that help when developing in a Git checkout. The maintainer of the package copies these programs into the version control of the package, so that co-developers can use these tools right away.
top/gitsub.sh
This program manages the subdirectories of a Git checkout that come from other packages, including Gnulib.
build-aux/bootstrap
This program manages the Git submodules, including Gnulib, and is also a
wrapper around gnulib-tool
and automake
, that generates
files from other files.
Note: Because this program mixes version control management and
generation of files in non-obvious ways, it has a number of usability
issues for the advanced developer.
build-aux/bootstrap.conf
This is the template configuration file. After copying it into your package, you need to customize it.
build-aux/po/Makefile.in.in
build-aux/po/remove-potcdate.sin
These are auxiliary files used by bootstrap
. You don’t have to
copy them yourself; bootstrap
will do that.
These are auxiliary files for building documentation.
build-aux/texinfo.tex
This file is needed for the conversion of Texinfo-format documentation to PDF, PostScript, or DVI formats. It implements the GNU Texinfo commands on top of plain TeX.
build-aux/x-to-1.in
This file, once processed, gives a program x-to-1
, that produces
a manual page for a program, by combining a skeleton with the program’s
--help
output.
build-aux/declared.sh
This program extracts the declared global symbols of a C header file. It is useful when you want to control the set of symbols exported by a library. See Controlling the Exported Symbols of Shared Libraries.
build-aux/run-test
This file is a test driver that supports running a test under
valgrind
.
build-aux/test-driver.diff
This is a patch, against Automake’s test driver, that support running a test suite on Android.
Gnulib also contain a few scripts that are useful for the release management of a package. They can be used directly off the Gnulib checkout; they don’t need to copied first.
build-aux/gnupload
This program is a user-friendly way to upload a release tarball to one of
the GNU servers (ftp.gnu.org
or alpha.gnu.org
). It
implements the interface described in
https://www.gnu.org/prep/maintain/html_node/Automated-FTP-Uploads.html.
build-aux/ncftpput-ftp
This is a helper program that mimics the ncftpput
program used by
gnupload
. If you want to use gnupload
but don’t have
ncftp
installed, copy this file into your $PATH, renaming it to
ncftpput
.
Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. https://fsf.org/ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document free in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.
This License is a kind of “copyleft”, which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.
We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The “Document”, below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as “you”. You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law.
A “Modified Version” of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.
A “Secondary Section” is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document’s overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.
The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.
The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not “Transparent” is called “Opaque”.
Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only.
The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page” means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work’s title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
The “publisher” means any person or entity that distributes copies of the Document to the public.
A section “Entitled XYZ” means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”, “Endorsements”, or “History”.) To “Preserve the Title” of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section “Entitled XYZ” according to this definition.
The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License.
You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.
If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the Document’s license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.
If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.
If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general network-using public has access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.
It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version’s license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
You may add a section Entitled “Endorsements”, provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.
You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled “History” in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled “History”; likewise combine any sections Entitled “Acknowledgements”, and any sections Entitled “Dedications”. You must delete all sections Entitled “Endorsements.”
You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation’s users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.
If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document’s Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
If a section in the Document is Entitled “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”, or “History”, the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does not give you any rights to use it.
The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this License can be used, that proxy’s public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Document.
“Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site” (or “MMC Site”) means any World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A “Massive Multiauthor Collaboration” (or “MMC”) contained in the site means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
“CC-BY-SA” means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco, California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license published by that same organization.
“Incorporate” means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in part, as part of another Document.
An MMC is “eligible for relicensing” if it is licensed under this License, and if all works that were first published under this License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009, provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:
Copyright (C) year your name. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''.
If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, replace the “with…Texts.” line with this:
with the Invariant Sections being list their titles, with the Front-Cover Texts being list, and with the Back-Cover Texts being list.
If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the situation.
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software.
Ristenpart T, Yilek S. When good randomness goes bad: virtual machine vulnerabilities and hedging deployed cryptography. NDSS 2010.
Ristenpart T, Yilek S. When good randomness goes bad: virtual machine vulnerabilities and hedging deployed cryptography. NDSS 2010.
Sometimes
you don’t have to explicitly quote special characters to make
them ordinary. For instance, most characters lose any special meaning
inside a list (see List Operators ([
… ]
and [^
… ]
)). In addition, if the syntax bits
RE_CONTEXT_INVALID_OPS
and RE_CONTEXT_INDEP_OPS
aren’t set, then (for historical reasons) the matcher considers special
characters ordinary if they are in contexts where the operations they
represent make no sense; for example, then the match-zero-or-more
operator (represented by ‘*’) matches itself in the regular
expression ‘*foo’ because there is no preceding expression on which
it can operate. It is poor practice, however, to depend on this
behavior; if you want a special character to be ordinary outside a list,
it’s better to always quote it, regardless.
Regex therefore doesn’t consider the ‘^’ to be the first character in the list. If you put a ‘^’ character first in (what you think is) a matching list, you’ll turn it into a nonmatching list.
You can’t use a character class for the starting or ending point of a range, since a character class is not a single character.
Regular expressions are also referred to as “patterns,” hence the name “pattern buffer.”
A table that maps all uppercase letters to the corresponding lowercase ones would work just as well for this purpose.