which
: show full path of commands
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which
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which
ProgramWhich
takes one or more arguments. For each of its arguments
it prints to stdout the full path of the executables
that would have been executed when this argument had been
entered at the shell prompt. It does this by searching
for an executable or script in the directories listed in
the environment variable PATH
using the same algorithm as bash(1)
.
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which
The synopsis to invoke which
is
which [options] [--] programname [...]
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Print all matching executables in PATH
, not just the first.
Read aliases from stdin, reporting matching ones on
stdout. This is useful in combination with using an
alias for which itself. For example
alias which='alias | which -i'
.
Ignore option --read-alias, if any. This is useful to explicity search for normal binaries, while using the --read-alias option in an alias or function for which.
Read shell function definitions from stdin, reporting matching
ones on stdout. This is useful in combination with using a shell
function for which itself. For example:
which() { declare -f | which --read-functions $@ }
export -f which
Ignore option --read-functions, if any. This is useful to explicity search for normal binaries, while using the --read-functions option in an alias or function for which.
Skip directories in PATH
that start with a dot.
Skip directories in PATH
that start with a tilde and
executables which reside in the HOME
directory.
If a directory in PATH
starts with a dot and a matching
executable was found for that path, then print
"./programname" rather than the full path.
Output a tilde when a directory matches the HOME
directory. This option is ignored when which is
invoked as root.
Stop processing options on the right if not on tty.
Print version information on standard output then exit successfully.
Print usage information on standard output then exit successfully.
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Which
returns the number of failed arguments, or -1 when
no programname was given.
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The recommended way to use this utility is by adding an alias (C shell)
or shell function (Bourne shell) for which
like the following:
[ba]sh:
which () { (alias; declare -f) | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --read-functions --show-tilde --show-dot $@ } export -f which
[t]csh:
alias which 'alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only --read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'
This will print the readable ~/ and ./ when starting which from your prompt, while still printing the full path when used from a script:
> which q2 ~/bin/q2 > echo `which q2` /home/carlo/bin/q2
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The HOME
directory is determined by looking for the HOME
environment variable, which aborts when this variable
doesn’t exist. Which
will consider two equivalent directories
to be different when one of them contains a path
with a symbolic link.
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bash(1)
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